Physics Test Review
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
Multiple Choice
1.
2.
The law of reflection says that
a. the angle of reflection from a mirror equals the angle of
incidence.
b. waves incident on a mirror are partially reflected.
c. all waves incident on a mirror are reflected.
d. the angle a ray is reflected from a mirror is random.
When a virtual image is created in a plane mirror
a. the image is upright.
b. the image is located behind the mirror.
c. reflected rays diverge.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Session:
Name:
c. sound is reflected off water more efficiently at night.
d. of refraction of sound in air.
10. The average speed of light is greatest in
a. orange glass.
b. blue glass.
c. red glass.
d. green glass.
e. It is the same in all of the above.
11. A penny lies in the bottom of a tea cup filled with water. As you
look down on the penny, compared to its actual depth, it looks
a. closer.
b. farther away.
c. at the same depth.
3.
The reason we can read print from any direction is that
a. the white part of a page reflects light in all directions.
b. letters emit black light in all directions.
c. letters absorb black light from all directions.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
12. A mirage can occur
a. when cooler air is above hotter air.
b. when there’s a layer of hot air close to the ground.
c. on a hot day.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
4.
An echo occurs when sound
a. is transmitted through a surface.
b. is reflected from a distant surface.
c. changes speed when it strikes a distant surface.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
5.
Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is
a. larger than 1 m in diameter.
b. large compared to the wavelength of the light used.
c. small compared to the wavelength of the light used.
d. larger than 1 cm in diameter.
e. none of the above
13. When you see a "wet spot" mirage on the road in front of you, you
are most likely seeing
a. water.
b. hot air.
c. a figment of your imagination.
d. sky.
e. none of the above
6.
7.
8.
9.
It is difficult to see the roadway from a car on a rainy night
because the road surface
a. is obscured by the rain itself.
b. that is normally a diffuse reflector when dry becomes a mirror
surface when wet.
c. absorbs the light more when wet.
d. scatters light in all directions.
Refraction is caused by
a. different wave speeds.
b. more than one reflection.
c. displaced images.
d. bending.
Refraction occurs
a. when a wave changes speed.
b. only at a wave front.
c. at any unpredictable time.
d. only with light waves.
e. all of the above
You can hear noises a long distance away over water at night
because
a. of lowered temperature.
b. water conducts sound better at night.
Mr. Lin
14. The critical angle for a light from the bottom of a swimming pool
shining upward toward the pool's surface is the angle
a. where light is refracted so it just skims the pool surface.
b. 43 degrees.
c. at which all light is refracted out of the pool.
d. 42 degrees.
e. at which some light is reflected from the surface.
15. A beam of light emerges from water into air at an angle. The beam
is bent
a. away from the normal.
b. not at all.
c. 48 degrees upward.
d. 96 degrees upward.
e. towards the normal.
16. The effect that we call a mirage has most to do with
a. reflection.
b. refraction.
c. diffraction.
d. interference.
e. scattering.
17. Different colors of light travel at different speeds in a transparent
medium. In a vacuum, different colors of light travel at
a. the same speed.
b. different speeds.
18. If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, your relative speed
with respect to your image is
a. the same as your actual speed.
1
Physics Test Review
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
b. half your actual speed.
c. twice your actual speed.
d. none of the above
Session:
Name:
c. 89%
d. 90%
e. 80%
19. The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image
a. is half your height.
b. is twice your height.
c. is equal to your height.
d. cannot be determined.
e. depends on how far the mirror is from you.
28. A converging lens
a. converges parallel rays of light.
b. refracts parallel rays of light.
c. is thicker in the center than at the edges.
d. bends parallel rays of light so they cross at a single point.
e. all of the above
20. When you look at yourself in a pocket mirror and then hold the
mirror farther away, you see
a. less of yourself.
b. more of yourself.
c. the same amount of yourself.
29. An image of a distant object formed by a single converging lens
a. is upside down.
b. can be focused on a screen.
c. is real.
d. can be projected on a wall.
e. all of the above
21. Which of the following is a consequence of the refraction of light?
a. rainbows
30. An image formed by a single diverging lens
b. mirages
a. is upside down.
c. internal reflection
b. can be projected on a wall.
d. all of the above
c. is virtual.
e. none of the above
d. is larger than the object.
e. all of the above
22. Stars twinkle when seen from Earth at night. When seen from the
moon, stars
31. A magnifying glass is a
a. twinkle less.
a. diverging lens.
b. twinkle more.
b. combination of diverging and converging lenses.
c. don't twinkle.
c. converging lens.
23. In a curved optical fiber, light
a. gains energy in each internal reflection.
b. internally reflects in a succession of straight-line paths.
c. bends and follows the curve of the fiber.
d. scatters in random directions from the fiber's inner surface.
24. In a double rainbow, the outermost color in the outermost bow is
a. blue.
b. green.
c. red.
d. any of these at different times
25. A secondary rainbow is dimmer than a primary rainbow because
a. only large drops produce secondary rainbows.
b. sunlight reaching it is less intense.
c. there is an extra reflection inside the water drops.
d. it is a reflection of the primary rainbow.
e. none of the above
26. When seen from an airplane, a rainbow sometimes forms a
complete circle. When this happens, the plane's shadow is
a. in the center of the rainbow.
b. totally outside the rainbow.
c. in the upper part of the rainbow.
d. Nowhere. There is no shadow.
e. in the lower part of the rainbow.
27. Ninety percent of light incident on a certain piece of glass passes
through it. How much light passes through two pieces of this
glass?
a. 81%
b. 85%
Mr. Lin
32. In drawing a ray diagram, rays can be drawn
a. from the tip of the object arrow.
b. through the focal point in front of the lens.
c. parallel to the principal axis of the lens.
d. through the center of the lens.
e. all of the above
33. If an object is located between the focal point and a converging
lens, the image will be
a. larger than the object.
b. real.
c. upside down.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
34. If an object is located inside the focal length of a diverging lens,
then compared to the object, the image will be
a. smaller.
b. larger.
c. the same size.
35. If an object is located inside the focal length of a converging lens,
the image will be
a. right-side up.
b. upside down.
36. Suppose you hold a converging lens in front of a window. An
image of some distant hills can be focused on your hand, behind
the lens. The focal point of this lens is located
a. approximately at your hand.
b. behind your hand.
c. in front of your hand.
2
Physics Test Review
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
37. Which instrument is a human eye most similar to?
a. telescope
b. microscope
c. slide projector
d. camera
38. A simple astronomical telescope consists of
a. condenser lenses, prisms, and a projection lens.
b. a pair of converging lenses.
c. several sets of lenses that focus an image on the eye.
d. a single lens that focuses an image on a piece of film.
e. none of the above
39. The objective lens in a compound microscope forms a
a. real image.
b. virtual image.
40. The eyepiece of a compound microscope forms a
a. virtual image.
b. real image.
41. When slides are put upside down into a projector, the images are
a. upside down.
b. right-side up.
42. If light traveled at the same speed in glass as it does in air, images
through a telescope would look
a. larger than usual.
b. smaller than usual.
c. fuzzier than usual.
d. the same as they would without the telescope.
e. clearer than usual.
43. The image your eye receives is
a. upside down.
b. right-side up.
44. If a person's eyes cannot form sharp images at any distance, the
person
a. has astigmatism.
b. is nearsighted.
c. is farsighted.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Session:
Name:
a round lens.
diverging lenses.
the edges of a lens.
none of the above
49. Chromatic aberration occurs because different colored light rays
a. refract at different angles when passing through a lens.
b. pass through different part of a lens.
c. focus at different places after reflection from a mirror.
d. none of the above
50. A magnifying glass under water will magnify
a. less.
b. the same.
c. more.
51. The wavy bright and dark lines at the bottom of a swimming pool
are the result of the water surface behaving like moving
a. prisms.
b. resonators.
c. lenses.
d. light absorbers.
52. Suppose you stand 2 m in front of a plane mirror. How far away
from you is your image?
a. ¼ m.
b. ½ m.
c. 1 m.
d. 2 m.
e. 4 m.
53. Huygens' principle says that
a. when light passes through two narrow slits, it produces an
interference pattern.
b. each point on a wave front acts as a new source of wavelets.
c. when the crests of waves overlap, their individual effects add
together.
d. light waves bend slightly when passing through an opening.
e. all points on a wave front are connected.
54. As you get farther and farther from a point source of waves, the
wave fronts appear
45. Sometimes after light passes through a lens, there are tiny bands of
a. the same as when they were first created.
color around the edge of the image. This is due to
b. straighter.
a. chromatic aberration.
c. rounder.
b. objective aberration.
55. When plane waves pass through an opening, the wave fronts will
c. astigmatism.
not change much if the opening is
d. prismatic aberration.
a. the same size as the wavelength.
e. spherical aberration.
b. wide compared to the wavelength.
46. The eyes of nearsighted people focus light
c. narrow compared to the wavelength.
a. behind the retina.
56. When a wave passes through an opening, some of the wave is
b. in front of the retina.
bent. This phenomenon is called
c. at the retina.
a. polarization.
47. Farsighted people need to wear glasses that contain
b. reflection.
a. neither converging nor diverging lenses.
c. diffraction.
b. diverging lenses.
d. refraction.
c. converging lenses.
e. interference.
48. Spherical aberration occurs when light passes through
a. the center part of a lens.
Mr. Lin
57. Diffraction occurs for
a. radio waves.
3
Physics Test Review
b.
c.
d.
e.
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
Session:
Name:
X-rays.
light.
electron beams.
all of the above.
66. A diffraction grating consists of
a. many closely spaced parallel slits.
b. a criss-cross of narrow slits.
c. two closely spaced parallel slits.
58. FM radio waves are not received as well as AM radio waves are in
d. a single narrow slit.
mountain canyons because
e. none of the above
a. they have a higher wavelength.
67. If you shine monochromatic light onto two plates of glass, one
b. they have a shorter wavelength.
atop the other, you will see light and dark fringes. The reason for
c. they do not have a high enough amplitude.
this is that light
d. they do not refract as well.
a. refracted from one plate interferes with light refracted from the
59. An interference pattern is produced when
other plate.
a. two or more light waves meet.
b. is diffracted as it passes through the glass.
b. the crests of two waves meet.
c. reflected from one plate interferes with light reflected from the
c. the troughs of two waves meet.
other plate.
d. light passes through two narrow slits.
d. is partially blocked by tiny threads of metal in the glass.
e. all of the above
e. is scattered by ridges and valleys in the glass.
60. Colors seen when gasoline forms a thin film on water are a
demonstration of
a. refraction.
b. diffraction.
c. dispersion.
d. interference.
e. polarization.
68. When gasoline drips on a wet street, you can see a beautiful
spectrum of colors. This phenomenon is called
a. iridescence.
b. refraction.
c. diffraction.
d. construction.
e. incoherence.
61. Iridescent colors seen in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are
due to
a. refraction.
b. polarization.
c. dispersion.
d. reflection.
e. none of the above
69. A thin film appears blue when illuminated with white light. The
color being canceled by destructive interference is
a. green.
b. red.
c. blue.
d. white.
e. none of the above
62. Waves diffract the most when their wavelengths are
a. long.
b. short.
c. neither of the above.
70. Coherent light is many different rays of light all having the same
a. frequency.
b. wavelength.
c. phase.
d. direction.
e. all of the above
63. Constructive interference occurs when
a. the crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave.
b. two waves of the same color overlap.
c. the crests of two waves overlap.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
64. Destructive interference occurs when
a. the crests of two waves overlap.
b. two waves of the same color overlap.
c. the crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
65. When monochromatic light shines through two closely spaced
narrow slits and onto a screen some distance away, the pattern on
the screen has
a. no light in it.
b. two large bright spots.
c. alternating dark and light bands.
d. one large bright spot.
e. none of the above
Mr. Lin
71. A hologram is most similar to a
a. diffraction grating.
b. prism.
c. 3-D photograph.
d. compound lens.
72. Holograms exist because of
a. diffraction.
b. interference.
c. both A and B
d. none of the above
73. Magnification can be accomplished with a hologram if it is viewed
with light that has a
a. shorter wavelength than the original light.
b. longer wavelength than the original light.
c. neither of the above.
74. Interference can be shown by using
a. water waves.
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Physics Test Review
b.
c.
d.
e.
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
light waves.
sound waves.
all of the above
none of the above
75. Monochromatic light refers to light that is
a. red.
b. white.
c. one color.
d. a chrome color.
e. all of the above
Session:
Name:
c. light incident in air at 40°
d. light incident in air at 55°
83. The telephone companies are proposing using "light pipes" to
carry telephone signals between various locations. The light is
contained inside these pipes
a. because they are coated with silver.
b. as long as they are straight.
c. by total internal reflection if the curves are not too sharp.
d. because laser light does not travel well through air.
84. If you were going to send a beam of light to the moon when it is
76. According to the figure, at what angle is light refracted if it strikes
just above the horizon, you would aim
the surface of water
a. high
at an angle of 30°?
b. low
a. 20°
c. directly at the moon.
b. 23°
85. Assume that the following colors of light pass through a prism.
c. 42°
Which color ray is bent the most?
d. 48°
a. red
77. What is the critical angle for light in glass that is meeting an air
b. blue
surface?
c. green
a. 42°
d. yellow
b. 48°
86. The dispersion of light when it passes through a prism shows that
c. 50°
a. the prism contains many narrow, equally spaced slits.
d. 90°
b. all colors in the light are treated the same.
78. If a ray of light strikes a pane of glass at 45° to the normal, it
c. different colors have different indices of refraction.
a. passes straight through as if the glass were not there.
d. the speed of light in a vacuum is a constant.
b. leaves the glass at a smaller angle to the normal.
87. Rainbows are due to
c. leaves the glass at a larger angle to the normal.
a. reflection from the surface of raindrops.
d. leaves with the same angle to the normal, but is deflected to the
b. refraction and reflection by raindrops.
side.
c. refraction through raindrops.
79. A narrow beam of light emerges from a block of glass in the
d. refraction and reflection by ice crystals.
direction shown below. Which arrow best represents the path of
88. Where in the sky would you expect to see a rainbow in the
the beam within the glass?
evening?
a. A
a. northern sky
b. B
b. southern sky
c. C
c. eastern sky
d. D
d. western sky
80. A mirror is lying on the bottom of a fish tank that is filled with
89. A beam of light crosses a boundary between two different media.
water as shown. If IN represents a light ray incident on the top of
Refraction can occur if
the tank, which possibility best represents the ray that comes out?
a. the angle of incidence is O Degrees
a. A
b. all of the light is refracted
b. B
c. the media have different indices of refraction
c. C
d. there is no change in the speed of the wave
d. D
90. In which substance does light travel the slowest?
81. You are standing at the edge of a swimming pool filled with water
a. crown glass
looking at a logo painted on the bottom. The logo appears to be
b. water
a. closer to you than it actually is.
c. air
b. further from you than it actually is.
d. diamond
c. the same distance away as it actually is.
91. The speed of light in glycerol is approximately
82. The critical angle for total internal reflection at an air-water
a. 2.0 x 10**8 m/s
interface is approximately 48°. In which of the following
b. 1.0 x 10**7 m/s
situations will total internal reflection occur?
c. 4.4 x 10**8 m/s
a. light incident in water at 40°
d. 3.0 x 10**8 m
b. light incident in water at 55°
Mr. Lin
5
Physics Test Review
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
5.
Word Problem
1.
A ray of light shine on a mirror as shown in the diagram. Draw
the reflection ray and measure the angles of incidence and
reflection to the nearest degree for this light ray. Write them in
these spaces:
a. Angle of incidence = 48o
b.
Session:
Name:
A ray of light travels from air to water. If the ray of light in
water makes an angle of 15.0 degrees to the normal, (a) what is
the angle of incidence in air? (b) Draw a diagram to illustrate
this situation.
Angle of reflection = 48o
20.13o
2.
John stands in front of two mirrors situated at an angle of 90o.
John stands so that light shining on his face is incident on one
mirror at an angle of 50o, as shown. At what angle will this light
reflect from the second mirror?
6.
The speed of light in an unknown medium is measured to be
4.08 x 108 m/s. (a) What is the index of refraction of the
medium? (b) Does it match any of the materials listed in your
Reference Table?
50o
2.42
Diamond
Reflection angle from the 2nd mirror is 40o
3.
What’s the speed of light in Lucite? What’s critical angle for
total internal reflection if we send a light ray from Lucite to air?
7.
2.0 x 108 m/s
A ray of light passes obliquely from air into a block of
transparent material, X, as shown in the diagram on the next
page.
a. Measure the angles of incidence and refraction to the
nearest degree for this light ray at the air/X boundary.
Write them in these spaces:
i. Angle of incidence = 45o
ii.
41.81o
b.
4.
A ray of light travels from air to Ethyl alcohol. If the ray of light
in air makes an angle of 30.00 degrees to the normal, (a) what is
the angle of refraction in Ethyl alcohol? (b) What’s the speed of
light in Ethyl alcohol?
21.57o
2.21 x 108 m/s
Angle of refraction = 27o
Calculate the index of refraction of material X. Show
all work below, including the equation and the
substitution with units.
1.56
Sodium Chloride
8.
Based the same diagram on the next page, the refracted light ray
is reflected from the X/air boundary at point P. Using a
protractor and straightedge, on the diagram, draw the reflected
ray from point P. Be sure to show all elements of your
construction. Measure the angles and record your measurements
on the diagram.
63o
Mr. Lin
6
Physics Test Review
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
Light
Session:
Name:
Normal
Air
Material X
P
Mr. Lin
7
Physics Test Review
Reflection/Refraction/Diffraction & Lenses
Session:
Name:
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
D
A
B
B
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
D
C
B
A
C
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
B
D
A
A
A
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
E
A
C
C
C
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
A
B
C
C
B
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
B
A
A
D
C
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
A
A
E
E
C
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
B
C
D
A
A
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
A
C
A
E
E
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
C
B
C
C
D
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
A
D
D
A
A
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
C
E
A
A
A
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
C
E
B
B
B
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
A
C
B
D
C
91. A
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
B
A
C
A
C
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
A
D
B
A
A
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
C
E
B
E
D
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
B
A
D
B
B
Mr. Lin
8