Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9109–9127, 2016
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/9109/2016/
doi:10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016-supplement
© Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
Supplement of
Highly time-resolved urban aerosol characteristics during springtime in
Yangtze River Delta, China: insights from soot particle aerosol mass
spectrometry
Junfeng Wang et al.
Correspondence to: Xinlei Ge ([email protected]) and Mindong Chen ([email protected])
The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the CC-BY 3.0 licence.
29 30 31 32 33 Figure S1. Map of the sampling site and its surroundings.
34 2
(a)
-3
% of total
80x10
12
O/C = 0.11 H/C = 1.73 N/C = 0.028 OM/OC = 1.33
60
Factor3
Factor 3
8
40
4
20
0
20
0.10
% of total
(b)
40
60
80
100
120
140
m/z (amu)
O/C = 0.29 H/C = 1.54 N/C = 0.032 OM/OC = 1.56
0.08
160
180
6
Factor 2
0.06
0
8
Factor2
4
0.04
2
0.02
0.00
20
60
80
100
m/z (amu)
120
140
160
0
180 6
5
O/C = 0.53 H/C = 1.29 N/C = 0.039 OM/OC = 1.86
Factor1
0.08
CxHy CxHyO1 CxHyO2
HyO1 CxHyNpCxHyOzNp
0.04
3
2
1
0
0.00
20
35 36 37 38 39 40 Factor1
4
Mass
% of total
0.12
40
40
60
80
100
m/z (amu)
120
140
160
180
5
10
15
20
Hour of Day
Figure S2. High resolution mass spectra (a) and diurnal mass profiles of OA
components of 3-factor solution from PMF analyses (b) (the lines in the boxes
indicate the median values, the upper and lower boundaries of the boxes indicate the
75th and 25th percentiles, and the whiskers above and below the boxes indicate the
95th and 5th percentiles).
41 3
(a)
8
6
4
2
0
8
O/C = 0.08, H/C = 1.76, N/C = 0.029, OM/OC = 1.29
Factor 5
2
0
10
8
6
4
2
0
8
Factor 4
5
O/C = 0.16, H/C = 1.66, N/C = 0.022, OM/OC = 1.38
0
6
O/C = 0.42, H/C = 1.44, N/C = 0.050, OM/OC = 1.74
Factor 1
Factor 2
4
Factor 2
10
2
5
0
4
3
Factor 1
2
1
0
0
20
40
60
3
80
100
m/z (amu)
(c)
20
120
140
160
5
180
10
15
20
Hour of Day
2
r = 0.8895
Slope = 1.047 ± 0.007
15
4/29/2015
4/25/2015
10
Date
Combined factor [µg/m ]
42 4/21/2015
5
4/17/2015
0
0
44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Factor 3
4
2
O/C = 0.54, H/C = 1.26, N/C = 0.033, OM/OC = 1.87
43 Factor 4
6
Factor 3
Mass
% of total
0
8
6
4
2
0
Factor 5
4
O/C = 0.28, H/C = 1.56, N/C = 0.033, OM/OC = 1.54
8
6
4
2
0
(b)
6
5
10
15
3
SVOOA [µg/m ]
20
Figure S3. High resolution mass spectra (a) and diurnal mass profiles of OA
components of 5-factor solution from PMF analyses (b) (the lines in the boxes
indicate the median values, the upper and lower boundaries of the boxes indicate the
75th and 25th percentiles, and the whiskers above and below the boxes indicate the
95th and 5th percentiles), (c) Scatter plot of the combined factor (Factor 2 and Factor
4) versus the SVOOA in 4-factor solution (Fig. 9a).
52 4
(b) 6.116
Best Solution
6.4
6.0
(c)
6.114
R, tseries
Q/Qexpected
6.8
Q/Qexpected
(a)
Best Solution
fpeak= -0.1
6.112
6.110
0.8
3_4
0.4
0.0
1_3
6.108
1_41_2
Scaled Residual
-0.4
(d)
-1.0-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
fPeak (for 4-factor)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Number of Factor
2_4
2_3
0.0
0.4 0.8
R, profiles
10
0
-10
2
2
 (Resid / )/Qexp
(e)
60
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
m/z
120
140
160
180
15
10
2
2
 (Resid / )/Qexp
(f)
5
0
-3
Mass Conc.(µg m )
(g)40
53 Measured
Fitted
30
20
10
0
4/14 4/15 4/16 4/17 4/18 4/19 4/20 4/21 4/22 4/23 4/24 4/25 4/26 4/27 4/28 4/29
Date and Time (BJ)
54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Figure S4. Summary of key diagnostic plots of the PMF results: (a) Q/Qexp as a
function of number of factors (p) selected for PMF analysis. For the best solution (4factor solution): (b) Q/Qexp as a function of fpeak, (c) cross-correlation coefficients (R)
of the time series and spectral profiles among the PMF factors, (d) the box and
whiskers plot showing the distributions of scaled residuals for each m/z, (e) the Q/Qexp
values for each ion, (f) the Q/Qexp for each point in time, and (g) time series of the
measured OA mass and the reconstructed OA mass (= HOA + COA + SV-OOA +
LV-OOA).
63 5
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
O/C ratio
2
r =0.99
Slope = 1.27
Intercept = 0.003
0.1
1.7
1.6
H/C ratio
1.5
2
r =0.97
Slope = 1.03
Intercept = 0.10
1.4
(c)
1.8
1.6
1.4
OM/OC ratio
2
r =0.99
Slope = 1.28
Intercept = 0.31
1.3
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
64 65 66 2.0
(b)
I-A method
1.8
(a)
I-A method
I-A method
0.6
A-A method
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
A-A method
A-A method
Figure S5. Scatter plot of the O/C ratios (a), H/C ratios (b), and OM/OC ratios (d)
calculated by using the I-A method versus those by using the A-A method.
67 6
68 0
0.15
315
45
0.12
0.09
0.06
0.03
270
0
90
0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15
225
135
180
69 70 Figure S6. Wind rose plot for the entire sampling period.
71 7
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6+
72 73 (a)
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
8
4
0.2
0
0.0
0
(c)
2
3x10
Laser off
0
(d)
2
-2
0.4
Laser on
Laser on
1
-2
r = 0.17
Slope = 18.09
3x10
2
1
4
6
Laser off
8x10
-2
2
r = 0.17
Slope = 164.24
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
75 76 77 78 79 2
0.1
0
74 2
r = 0.48
Slope = 190.94
12
Laser on
Laser on
(b)16
2
r = 0.62
Slope = 28.89
0.5
1.0 1.5 2.0x10
Laser off
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.02.5x10-3
Laser off
-3
Figure S7. Scatter plots of a few selected metal ions of (a) Na, (b) K, (c) Al, and (d)
Fe, obtained with dual-vaporizers setting (laser on) vs.tungsten only setting (laser off)
(colored by time)
8
80 81 82 83 Figure S8. Temporal variations of the mass-based size distributions of rBC, organics,
nitrate, chloride, and sulfate over the sampling period.
9
(a)
0.3
fCO2
+
0.2
LVOOA
0.1
Average OA
HOA
COA SVOOA
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15
fC2H3O
84 85 86 87 88 89 +
0.20
Figure S9. Triangle plot of fCO2+ vs. fC2H3O+ for all OA (colored by time) and the
four OA factors identified by the PMF analyses.
10