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INTRODUCTION
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THEN AND NOW
19th & 20th Century
21st Century and Beyond
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SOCIAL MEDIA: THE FUTURE IS
ALREADY HERE!
•
Autonomous &
learner-directed
•
Irresistible & engaging
•
Innovative & indispensable
•
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Greater opportunities &
access
May challenge
traditional models
•
Portable
Round-the-clock connectivity
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Used by all age
groups
•
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QUICK FACTS
• $8 billion annually for
mobile learning in US
Use of devices by
children:
• 1.5 million Ipads used in
US schools
age 0-1
10%
age 2-4
39%
• 20,000 educational or
learning apps
age 5-8
52%
• 700 million downloads
Harvard
International
Review (2013)
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SO…WHY ARE WE HERE?
• Social media is here to stay
• It can have an overwhelmingly positive
influence on our lives
• It is ever-changing so we need to adapt
• It has challenges that we must face
together
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WHAT’S
HAPPENING
IN OUR
SCHOOLS?
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Elementary Technology &
Social Media
• Initiatives
• Cell phones in school
• Internet games, websites &
messaging
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HURLEY MIDDLE SCHOOL
• Our biggest issues or concerns
• Proactive responses (e.g., teaching personal
responsibility, teach strategies, etc.)
• Discipline
• Support for students
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SEEKONK HIGH SCHOOL
Recurring issues:
 Cyberbullying vs. Cyber-harassment
 Taking and posting pictures without the subject’s permission – “meme”
 Accessing social networks on their phones during the school day
Our response:
 Investigating – interviewing all students involved
 Notifying parents
 Contacting the police when laws are broken
 Disciplinary consequences
 Offering workshops (ex. Digital Footprint)
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CYBERBULLYING
A GAME CHANGER
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WHAT IS CYBER-BULLYING?
 any form of social aggression (trickery,
denigration, outing, etc.)
 occurs over multiple instances
 the intention of having a detrimental effect
on a specific target
 leaves more long-lasting and more harmful
effects than traditional bullying
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WHY DO CHILDREN
CYBERBULLY?
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Anger
Frustration
Revenge
Entertainment
To Get Laughs or Reactions
Power Hungry
Because all motives for bullying are different, so
are the solutions and responses.
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WHAT ARE THE
LEGAL
IMPLICATIONS?
MICHAEL MACCARO
MURPHY, HESSE, TOOMEY & LEHANE
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LEGAL IMPLICATIONS
• What can schools do?
• When should they act?
• What are the legal responsibilities of the
district?
• When is social media a disruption to
educational process?
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THE LAW
ENFORCEMENT
RESPONSE
MATT GARDNER
TOM HEDRICK
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FORMS OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN TODAY’S SOCIETY
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FACEBOOK
Make sure all the friends on the page are
people they know.
Be sure to make all information private.
Location services for Facebook turned off.
Know the content that’s being placed on the
web, its forever.
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TWITTER
Again know who they are
following.
What is the content being
posted.
Vine short movie clips…know
what's out there.
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SNAPCHAT
• One of the most
dangerous for our kids.
• They think its safe
because the person
seeing the image or video
can only view for a set
time limit.
• Screen capture issues.
• Known as the “sexting
app”
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ASK.FM
•
•
•
•
•
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Anyone can post anonymous comments
and questions to a person’s profile and is
increasingly being used as a means to
communicate abusive, bullying and
sexualized content.
Operates same as Twitter.
Users choose to “Follow” other users.
UNLIKE Twitter, a user can never find out
who is following them, just the total
number of followers.
By Following a person it allows user to
view profiles.
This allows posting anonymous
comments/questions to your page, as
stated before.
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THE PROBLEM
• Ask.fm has been linked in the
media to a handful
of suicides.
• Bullying by anonymous
people have lead teens to
commit suicide.
• These include children as
young as 13 years old.
• Ciara Puglsley 15, Jessica
Laney 16, Erin Gallagher 13.
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Video Chat
Apps
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OOVOO
SKYPE
IMESSAGE
CHATVILLE
CHATROULETTE
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You can find many camchat sites
out there, but very few really
offer free video chat which
lets you instantly find male or
female users who interest you,
and have the ability to invite them
to a private cam chat. You don't
have to be a registered member
to video chat live, but you can
register for a free account for
many added benefits such as
unlimited messages, private
webcam chat, reserved
nickname, members only room
access, and much more!
free video chat community where
random strangers from all over the
world come to meet and make new
friends
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THIS IS ONLY A FEW SITES
ON THE WWW.
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THE LAW
Cyber Bullying- Bullying
through the use of
technology or
electronic
communication.
Blanket catch phrase
encompassing
several laws.
Child Pornography,
dissemination or
possessing of photos
or video of a child
under 18 years of age
is a Felony.
This includes but not
limited to texting and
social media.
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SUGGESTED POLICE
RESPONSE
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•
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Bullying & Police Enforcement
Early intervention, Discipline and counseling
Police must be decisive in their actions
Bullying is not a criminal charge, the term is a blanket
statement for numerous charges
Threats and violence
Sexual misconduct
Harassment
Stalking
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MASSACHUSETTS
CRIMINAL LAW
• Chapter 272, Section 29B,
Disseminating Child Pornography
• Disseminates or intends to
• Pornography with child under 18
• Knowledge of contents
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SEEKONK PUBLIC
SCHOOLS
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HOW WE RESPOND
We…
• understand the impact on
teaching and learning
• know that this is the “new normal”
• are proactive as we learn to be
responsible digital citizens
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EDUCATIONAL GOALS THAT LEAD TO
OPPORTUNITIES
Social Media Tools allow us to:
 Connect students with each other in and out of the
classroom
 Connect students across the district
 Connect students to students in classrooms around
the world
 Connect students to experts
 Connect students to the community (local, national,
and international)
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OUR FOCUS: 21ST CENTURY
LEARNING SKILLS- “4C’S”
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A PREVENTATIVE APPROACH
 We help students learn about the seriousness
of cyberbullying
 We don’t tolerate bullying of any kind. We take action!
 We respond to situations that take place in school and/or
impact the educational environment
 We teach students strategies (e.g. how to react, avoid
anger and revenge, share information with an adult)
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WHAT HELPS TO PREVENT BULLYING AND
CYBERBULLYING?
 Making sure that students are “connected” with one teacher/staff
member each year in order to be more resilient and less vulnerable to
bullying by peers.
 Encouraging peer support and friendships since they are by far the
most powerful weapon in building resilience.
 Recognizing that even small acts that are mean or contemptuous can
be harmful; therefore addressing them immediately
Providing education, positive support, and responsible use of
technology
Having a clear and active policy
Providing a means for anonymous reporting
Limiting unsupervised access/activities
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SPECIAL EDUCATION
STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
• The IEP team discusses student’s disability to determine if it affects
social skills development or vulnerability to bullying, harassment, or
teasing
• The Team considers what should be included in the IEP to develop
student’s skills and proficiencies to avoid and respond to bullying,
harassment, or teasing
• If applicable, a goal is developed to address social skills building,
emotion management, and problem solving skills.
Dr. Elizabeth Englander’s Research from Mass.
Aggression Reduction Center (2015)
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CONCERNS & CONSEQUENCES
WITH CYBERBULLYING
• Online feedback may be more harmful than face-to-face
• It is public and enduring
• It can result in negative and extremely hurtful feedback
• Outcomes may be influenced by individual
characteristics, family, and peers
• Consequences may include: anxiety & depression,
stress-related, disorders, suicide, withdrawal from
friends and activities, changes in mood, behavior,
appetite, emotional stress during and after the use of
technology
*Overall risk is low (7-8%) of students
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CYBERBULLYING TAKES MANY FORMS
Text messaging bullying: threats, harassment, insults, photos,
social exclusion
Picture/video clip bullying on cell phone: tagged pictures to
hurt someone
Phone call bullying: silence, verbal insults, using victim’s phone
to send inappropriate messages
Bullying through IMs: threatening in real time, included in some
games
Fraping: putting someone down when the relationship goes bad
Sexting: suggestive images in any social media format
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CONTINUED….
Using someone else’s phone or computer: change person’s
status, trying to get someone else in trouble
Chatroom bullying: saying hurtful or embarrassing things in a
public forum
Bullying via websites: set up a website to hurt someone
Bullying via electronic games: hacking into someone’s account
or send message (handheld devices often used)
Harvesting identity: sites and games collect personal details,
can be used to stalk
Flaming: escalated insults, name-calling, threats
Katz, Adrienne. Cyberbullying and E-safety : What Educators and Other
Professionals Need to Know. London, GBR: Jessica Kingsley
Publishers Ltd, 2012. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 5 October 2015. Copyright
© 2012. Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved
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DID YOU KNOW?
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GIRLS ARE MORE LIKELY TO:
• Say they are cyberbullied (gossip, rumors, photos, insults and
threats, name-calling, threats, jealousy)
• Be excluded
• Experience bullying as extension of what happens at school
• Engage in IMs or chatrooms for constant communication
• have a communication style that is supportive
• Engage in covert aggression
• Get more messages from strangers to be faced with
unwanted advances
• Tell someone, listen to advice, and get help
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BOYS MORE LIKELY TO:
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Experience cyberbullying that is not linked to school
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Receive more homophobic, racist, disability-related comments
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Get around blocks meant to prevent access to websites
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Say they are not bothered by bullying
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Avoid saying they are bullied, minimize it, or say it is a joke
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Receive more negative feedback
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Be less concerned with politeness,
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Engage in more social exploration
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Be more likely to criticize or insult others
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Engage in gaming and chatrooms
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Not get help from others when requested
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BOTH BOYS AND GIRLS
Strive to get positive peer feedback (Usually adolescents between 12
and 15 years old)
Experience more cyberbulling when vulnerable (i.e., poor psychological
functioning, unhappy, lonely, have a disability)
Take chain letters seriously (mid-adolescents)
Both boys and girls engage in risky online behaviors
1. sensation-seeking: takes more risks and spends more time online
(e.g., post more pictures regarding physical traits).
2. impulsivity results in difficulty repressing urges – shares too much or
inappropriate information (e.g., higher risk for addictive behaviors,
drug use, minor criminal behaviors)
Won’t tell unless the problem is resolved after reporting
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PEER INFLUENCES TO NOTE
•
•
•
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Difficulty with peers in person or online
Few close friends
Bullying others or victimized by bullies
Socially awkward/struggles with social
competence
• Posting controversial things or sharing
inappropriate information
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FAMILY INFLUENCES
Students of families under stress may:
• Use social media as an escape
• Look for support from others
• Sometimes be attracted to violent media content
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DISTRACTED DRIVING
There are Three Types of Distractions:
1. Visual Distraction- causes you to take your eyes
off the road (reading texts)
2. Manual Distraction- causes you to take your hand
of the wheel (texting, drinking)
3. Cognitive Distraction- causes you to take your
mind off what you are doing (cell phone use,
listening to talk radio, navigation systems)
T.D. Johnson. The Nation’s Health . American Public Health
.Oct.2015,45(8)
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DISTRACTED DRIVING-TEXTING
“Research from the Virginia Tech
Transportation Institute, found that text
messaging causes drivers to take their eyes off
the road for 4.6 seconds over a six-second
interval. That means at 55 miles per hour, a
texting driver would travel the length of a
football field without looking at the road.”
Teen drivers are far more likely to send and
receive texts while driving.
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MULTITASKING AND ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE
 Wood (2012) defines multitasking as the “inability to focus
on one task because attention is divided between two or
more tasks”
 38% of students can’t go beyond ten minutes without
checking their phones
 64% regularly text in class; young adults send an average
of 109.5 text messages/day
 Increased multi-tasking = decreased efficiency in studying
strategies and lower GPA
“Make it our time: In class multitaskers have lower academic
performance,” Computers in Human Behavior 53(2015)63-70
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PROS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES
59% discuss educational topics
50% talk about school assignments
Students access previously unavailable
educational resources
Students improve their relationships and make
new friends
52% of teens report using the sites has helped
their relationships with friends
69% report that they are able to stay in touch with
friends that they don’t regularly see
57% report they make new friends
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Cons
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Students tend to have lower grades: users – GPA of
3.06 …..non-users – GPA of 3.86
Cheating on school assignments (i.e., posting photos of
standardized tests such as SAT, Common Core tests,
etc.)
Pearson (60% of standardized testing, PARCC)
reported 76 cases of students posting test materials
online in the first three months (2013)
Social networking sites can lead to stress and offline
relationship problems
15% report friendships ending
12% report having an online experience that led to a
face-to-face argument
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Pros:
• Colleges and universities use social media to recruit and retain
students
• 96.6% use Facebook to recruit
• 83.4% use Twitter
• 79.3% use YouTube
Cons:
• College administrators scan Facebook profiles for evidence of illegal
behavior by students
• 16% of admission officers discovered information that negatively
impacted prospective students admission chances
“Are Social Networking Sites Good for Our Society,”
SocialNetworking.procon.org
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TIPS FOR
PARENTS
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WHAT CAN WE DO AS
PARENTS?
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Talk to our kids about internet safety
Know what social pages our kids are viewing
Understand how they work, look them up online
Use the internet to your advantage when it
comes to social networking. Most sites have a
parent section.
Set the privacy, know who they are friends with
Monitor your children's activity on these sites
PASSWORDS!!!
Texting: If they don’t want anyone to see it…
DON’T PUT IT OUT THERE!!!!
Have a zero tolerance for misuse of
these sites..
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THE IMPACT OF FACEBOOK ON
OUR STUDENTS
• Using Facebook takes time. Often, a LOT of time!
• To our students using Facebook, there is a fake sense of
privacy
• There are 1000’s of scams targeting teens in their social
networks, especially Facebook
• Spyware and Adware are very serious concerns
• We need to acknowledge that screens act as a moral
disconnect for many of our students
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 Our students have very little knowledge about how
much they are being marketed to; how their
purchasing decisions/attitudes are being
manipulated; and how their personal information is
being used
 Children and teens are increasingly using sites such
as Facebook to avoid difficult face-to-face
conversations
 The meaning of the word “friend” is changing for our
students and the change puts them at risk
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WHAT ELSE?
 Set reasonable limits and guidelines
 Provide supervision and set limits to ensure children have a
safe and rewarding experience.
 Know your technology. If you allow your children to carry cell
phones, use social media, or work with other technology, learn
how to use them yourself.
 Talk with your kids if you suspect they are being bullied.
 Note changes in your child’s behavior and attitudes since they
may be bullied at school or online.
 Be aware that victimized children may be more likely to have
difficulty sleeping, headaches, anxiety, stomach aches, and
other excuses to avoid going to school going to school.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
http://www.cdc.gov/features/prevent-bullying/
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THANK YOU!
ANY QUESTIONS?
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