Periodic Table of Elements
1.008
Atomic
number
TBP = 20.3 K
TMP = 13.8 K
6.941
3
Li
30 GPa
14 K
TS = 0.0004 K
22.99
11
Na
Sodium
19
K
39.10
4
Be
Ca
Rubidium
132.9 56
55
Cs
12 GPa
1.3 K
Fr
Francium
273.15 K = 0 ˚C
216 GPa
29 K
1
Sc
106 GPa
19.6 K
39
Y
Ti
115 GPa
19.5 K
137.3
Ba
(226)
Ra
Radium
3
47.87
Zr
23
www.nist.gov/srm/
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V
4
50.94
120 GPa
16.5 K
TS = 5.38 K
92.91
41
Nb
30 GPa
11 K
TS = 0.546 K
178.5
72
10 GPa
9.9 K
TS = 9.20 K
180.9
73
62 GPa
8.6 K
TS = 0.12 K
(261)
104
43 GPa
4.5 K
TS = 4.483 K
(262)
105
Hf
Rf
Rutherfordium
Ta
Db
57
B
TSF = Helium-3 superfluidity
TN = Néel temperature
138.9
La
15 GPa
13 K
(fcc) TS = 6.00 K
(227)
89
Ac
Actinium
24
5
52.00
Cr
25
6
TBP = Boiling point
54.94
Mn
26
7
55.85
Fe
21 GPa
2.1 K
(α) TN = 100 K
TC = 1043 K
TN = 311 K
95.94 43
(98) 44
101.1
42
Mo
TS = 0.92 K
183.8
74
W
TS = 0.012 K
(266)
106
Sg
Tc
TS = 7.77 K
186.2
75
Re
TS = 1.4 K
(264)
107
Bh
Ru
TS = 0.655 K
(277)
108
13
1
2
3
4
Ce
140.9
Pr
5 GPa
TN-hex = 0.03 K
1.7 K
TN-hex = 13.7 K
232.0 91
231.0
90
Th
Pa
TS = 1.368 K
TS = 1.4 K
60
144.2
TC = 1388 K
102.9
45
Rh
Ir
28
9
58.69
Ni
TC = 627 K
106.4
46
Pd
61
47
Ag
3
Superfluid
3
He/4He
1.0
0.5
6
26.98
Al
30
TS = 1.14 K
65.41 31
69.72
Zn
Ga
In
Cd
12.01
C
Platinum
Gold
Hg
(α) TS = 4.153 K
7
N
Si
32
72.64
Ge
33
50
Sn
Pb
TS = 2.39 K
51
74.92
As
121.8
Sb
16
209.0
Bi
9.1 GPa
8.5 K
TS = 7.193 K
S
62
150.4
63
152.0
Eu
Np
Pu
Neptunium
Plutonium
64
8
157.3
Gd
65
9
158.9
Tb
TN-hex = 230 K
TC = 220 K
TC = 293 K
(247) 97
(247)
96
Am Cm Bk
6 GPa
2.2 K
TS = 0.79 K
TN = 64 K
66
34
Dy
Cl
Se
Br
150 GPa
8K
52
127.6
Te
(209)
Po
53
85
Polonium
I
TBP = 87.3 K
TMP = 83.8 K
83.80
36
Kr
At
Xe
TBP = 165.0 K
TMP = 161.3 K
(210) 86
(222)
Astatine
Rn
TBP = 211.5 K
TMP = 202.2 K
67
M. Brian Maple, University of California, San Diego
J. S. Schilling, Washington University, St. Louis
Compilation date: August 2014 (rev. 4)
© 2014 Quantum Design, Inc.
Dedicated to the memory of Bernd Matthias
11
164.9
Ho
68
12
167.3
Er
69
13
168.9
Tm
TN-hex = 132 K
TC = 19.5 K
(252)
99
TN-hex = 85 K
TC = 18.7 K
(257)
100
TN-hex = 58 K
TC = 32 K
(258)
101
TC = 51 K
Einsteinium
Fermium
Mendelevium
TN = 34 K
Ar
TBP = 119.9 K
TMP = 115.8 K
126.9 54
131.3
25 GPa
1.2 K
TN-hex = 180 K
TC = 90.5 K
(251)
98
Cf
TBP = 27.1 K
TMP = 24.6 K
39.95
18
100 GPa
1.4 K
35 GPa
7.5 K
84
Ne
TBP = 239.1 K
TMP = 171.7 K
78.96 35
79.90
(NIST SRM #764a)
(Quantum Design part #C210A)
(NIST SRM #772a)
10
162.5
F
He
Acknowledgements:
Platinum χDC(297 K) = 1.01 x 10–6 emu/g·Oe
Palladium χDC(298 K) = 5.25 x 10–6 emu/g·Oe
Nickel
Msat(298 K, 5000 Oe) = 54.9 emu/g
7
9
4.003
TBP = 4.21 K
Tλ = 2.17 K
19.00 10
20.18
TBP = 85.0 K
TMP = 53.5 K
32.07 17
35.45
Magnetic standard reference materials
6
5
190 GPa
17.3 K
25 GPa
3.9 K
83
1.0
(100% 3He)
He fraction
16.00
100 GPa
0.6 K
TBP = 90.2 K
TMP = 54.4 K
Tγ β = 43 K
32 GPa
2.4 K
118.7
3
O
8
30 GPa
13 K
11.5 GPa
5.35 K
Tl
14.01
P
15.2 GPa
8.2 K
0.5
4
TBP = 77.4 K
Carbon
TMP = 63.3 K
28.09 15
30.97
14
2
Two-phase region
0
3
11.3 GPa
5.3 K
Silver
TS = 0.52 K
TS = 3.404 K
TS = 3.722 K
197.0 80
200.6 81
204.4 82
207.2
Au
142 GPa
TN-hex = 19.9 K
TN-hex = 109 K
2.75 K
Promethium
TN-cub = 7.5 K
TN-cub = 14.0 K TN-cub = 90.4 K
(244) 95
(243)
238.0 93
(237) 94
92
1.2 GPa
(α) 2.4 K
(β) TS = 0.8 K
Cu
Pt
5
(145)
10
63.55
10.81
1.4 GPa
7K
Copper
TS = 0.875 K
TS = 1.091 K
112.4 49
114.8
107.9 48
Palladium
195.1 79
78
TS = 0.14 K
Nd Pm Sm
U
29
Hs
Hassium
59
Co
Os
Bohrium
140.1
58.93
TS = 0.51 K
TS = 0.00033 K
190.2 77
192.2
76
Seaborgium
58
27
8
2
250 GPa
11 K
TMP = Melting point
Dubnium
References:
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84 th Edition,
David R. Lide (Ed.) (2002)
Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures, 2 nd Edition,
F. Pobell (1996)
Introduction to Magnetic Materials, 2 nd Edition,
B. D. Cullity and C. D. Graham (2008)
M. Debessai, T. Matsuoka, J. J. Hamlin, W. Bi, Y. Meng,
K. Shimizu and J. S. Schilling, Journal of Physics:
Conference Series 215, 012034 (2010)
B. T. Matthias, T. H. Geballe and V. B. Compton,
Reviews of Modern Physics 35, 1 (1963)
Concise Encyclopedia of Magnetic and Superconducting Materials,
2 nd Edition, K. H. J. Buschow (Ed.) (2006)
Calcium: M. Sakata, Y. Nakamoto, K. Shimizu, T. Matsuoka, and Y. Ohishi,
Physical Review B 83, 220512(R) (2011)
Oxygen Magnetism: S. Gregory, Physical Review Letters 40, 723 (1978)
5
1 GPa = 10 kbar
56.0 GPa
3.35 K
TS = 0.39 K
88.91 40
91.22
18 GPa
5K
88
22
1
Tλ = Helium-4 superfluidity
No known ordering
2.1 kelvin
2
44.96
TC = Curie temperature
Antiferromagnetism
21 gigapascal
Gaseous elements phase
change at 1 bar pressure
Normal
He/4He
1.5
0
(100% 4He)
TS = Critical temperature
Ferromagnetism
Transition
temperature
max. TS
Magnesium
40.08 21
20
50 GPa
7K
Color
code
pressure to achieve max. TS
Mg
Sr
Superconductivity
Superconductivity under pressure
TS = 0.026 K
24.31
12
87.62
Fe
He
3.0
TBP = 3.19 K
TSF = 0.0025 K
Atomic
weight
55.85
21 GPa
2.1 K
TC = 1043 K
9.012
Rb
(223)
26
Element
symbol
2
Potassium
85.47 38
37
87
2
Tλ = 2.17 K
2.0
Temperature (K)
H
Helium-3 isotope
Selected Phase Transition Temperatures
1
1
Phase diagram of liquid 3He/4He mixtures
Es
Fm Md
ATL160
MPMS®3 EverCool®
PPMS® DynaCool™
PPMS® EverCool®II
VersaLab™
Liquefaction Rate: 22 Liters / day
Capacity: 160 Liters
Base: 1.8 K - 400 K
Oven: 300 K - 1000 K
Base: 1.8 K - 400 K
Oven: 300 K - 1000 K
Dilution Refrigerator: 0.050 K - 4.0 K
Base: 1.9 K - 400 K
Oven: 300 K - 1000 K
Helium-3: 0.350 K - 350 K
Base: 50 K - 400 K
Oven: 300 K - 1000 K
70
14
173.0
Yb
71
175.0
Lu
174 GPa
12.4 K
Ytterbium
(259) 103
102
(262)
No
Lr
Nobelium
Lawrencium
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