The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
The Construction Techniques of Shui Buya Concrete Faced
Rockfill Dam——Construction Compacting Test
Zhu Zhijun
China Gezhouba Group Corporation, No.8 Jiaohu 2ed Road, Yichang, Hubei Province
443002，
[email protected]
Abstract: Shuibuya concrete faced rockfill dam with the height of 233m is one of the highest dam
worldwide and the highest dam among current dams of the similar type in China. This dam is constructed
by cushion materials (Ⅱ A), transition materials (Ⅲ A), the main rockfill materials (Ⅲ B), 3C materials
(Ⅲ C), and downstream rockfill materials (Ⅲ D). In order to ensure the dam's construction quality and the
availability of the same conditions with engineering construction, the construction site is simulated and
site filling compaction tests are carried out to all dam materials adopted, for the purpose of obtaining the
best quality control and detection method of dam filling. The test carried out 9 tests with a total of 78 unit
tests, detecting 1515 sets of data. This paper introduces equipments, methods, test results of 9 different
dam material type roller compaction tests, analyzing the relationship between roller compacted
sedimentation rate and rolling times, the relationship between compacted dry density and rolling times as
well as the relationship between porosity and rolling times, also including the relationship between filler
compaction effect and the grading features before and after dam material filling, seepage properties after
filler rolling, the rolling effect and sprinkler volume of different rolling machines. In accordance with the
testing results, in the view of different dam materials of Shuibuya Dam filling construction, this paper
proposed suggestions about rational construction parameters on sprinkler method, sprinkler volume,
charging pattern, the thickness of materials, rolling equipment models and roller compacted layer
parameter.
Keywords: CFRD，roller compaction test，testing results, analysis
1
Overview
Shuibuya concrete face rockfill dam
and the highest dam among current dams
of the similar type in China. This dam is
filled with cushion materials (Ⅱ
A),
with the height of 233m is one of the
transition materials (ⅢA), main rockfill
highest dams of similar type in the world
materials (ⅢB), sub-rockfill materials
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
rockfill
(Ⅲ B) are blasting experiment materials
materials (ⅢD). In order to ensure the
from Gongshanbao yard and spillway
dam's
excavation,
(ⅢC),
and
the
downstream
construction
quality
and
the
respectively;
sub-rockfill
availability of the same conditions with
materials (Ⅲ
engineering construction, the construction
from Qiaogou yard and Changtanghe yard,
site
respectively;
is
simulated
and
site
filling
C)
are holding materials
downstream
rockfill
compaction tests are carried out to all
materials(Ⅲ D), are excavation materials
adopted dam materials for the purpose of
from
obtaining the best quality control and
excavation, respectively.
detection method of dam filling. This test
ranging from August in 2002 to March in
3
2003,completed a total of 9 various dam
material tests namely two each test on
ⅢA、ⅢB、ⅢC、ⅢD filler rolling and one
on ⅡA filler rolling and carried out
compacting tests with diversity testing
parameters , such as sprinkler volume
from 0% to 20%, 6 、 8 、 10 rolling
times ,compaction thickness of 40 cm、80
cm、120cm , 18t and 25t self-propelled
roller and 20t towed vibrating roller, to
dam materials in different filling areas .
2
Sources of testing materials
The materials adopted for the dam
material compacting tests come from the
3.1
Miaobao
yard
and
river
bed
Technological requirements of
compacting test
Test site
In accordance with the situation of
Shuibuya construction site, test site was
arranged in Changtanghe holding material
yard and a yard with the size of 55×220
M2 was cleaned up in the upper reaches
of Changtanghe material yard, divided
into the first test site, the second test site,
roller test site and cushion material (Ⅱ A)
test site, with the site size of 65 × 34M2,
65 × 34M2, 50 × 40M2, 28 × 10M2,
respectively.
3.2
Chosen types of test machines
sources approved and designated by the
The roller weight of vibration roller
owners ,designers and supervisors at the
should be no less than 100Kn and
site, and the specific distribution of the
vibrating force no less than 200Kn in IIA
source materials is as follow: cushion
and IIIA zone; the roller weight of
materials (Ⅱ A) are artificial materials
vibration roller should be no less than
processed by San Youping artificial yard ;
160Kn and vibrating force no less than
transition materials (Ⅲ A) are carbide slag
320Kn in Ⅲ B, Ⅲ C, Ⅲ
from
blasting
Engsuolan self-propelled vibration roller
experiment materials from Gongshanbao
is applied in IIA zone, YZ25-type 25t
yard respectively; main rockfill materials
self-propelled vibration roller made by
hole
excavation
and
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D
zone. 18t
The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
Zoomlion
and
18t
Engsuolan self-propelled vibration roller
Engsuolan
self-propelled vibration roller in IIIA zone,
in the two Ⅲ
YZ25-type 25t self-propelled vibration
YZ25-type 25t self-propelled vibration
roller made by Zoomlion in Ⅲ
zone,
roller made by Zoomlion and Shaanxi
YZ25-type 25t self-propelled vibration
Zhongda YZTY20-type towed vibrating
roller
roller in Ⅲ D zone.
made
by
Zoomlion
B
and
18t
C
zones respectively,
Mechanical parameters are as follow
Equipment Model
Full Hydraulic
Vibratory Roller
YZ25
Manufacturer
Zoomlion
Performance Quality （t）
Vibration Frequency（Hz）
Exciting Force（KN）
Nominal Amplitude（mm）
Vibration Round Static Line
Load（N/cm）
Rated Power（KW）
Velocity（km/h）
Roller Width（M）
25
27.5/31
450/300
2.1/1.1
Equipment Name
3.3
Towed Vibratory
Roller
YZTY20
Shaanxi Zhongda
Machine CO.,LTD
19
30
450
Full Hydraulic
Vibratory Roller
SD175F
729
980
556
141
4.1/10.8
2.16
110
/
2.0
151
6.9/13.8
2.12
Remarks
Ingersoll-Rand
18.769
30.4/18.3
320
1.66/0.83
are as follow:
Design standards
Design standards of compacting test
Design standards of dam material compacting test
Dam material zoning
ⅡA
ⅢA
ⅢB
ⅢC
ⅢD
Maximum Slice of Compaction
(mm)
400
400
800
800
1200
Sprinkler Volume (%)
5、10
10、15、20
15、20、25
15、20、25
15、20、25
Rolling Times
6、8、10
6、8、10
6、8、10
6、8、10
6、8、10
Maximum Particle Size （mm）
80
300
800
800
1200
<5mm Particle Size Content %
35～50
20～30
4～15
<0.1mm Particle Size Content
%
4～7
<5
<5
≤5
≤5
Dry Density（g/cm ）
2.25
2.20
2.18
2.15
2.15
Porosity（%）
17
18.8
19.6
20.7
20.7
7671864
4348509
1481194
3
Permeability Coefficient（cm/s）
Filling Quantity（m3）
1×10-2～
5×100～5×10-1
5×10-4
465940
683733
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
3.4
Bulldozers are used to press flats in the
Testing methods
Before the test, the foundation should
go through 10 times of temper rolling
with the thickness of 40~50cm adopting
the same filling materials as those used in
the test, and the surface smoothness
should be no more than 10cm. Then
measuring, setting out and recording the
site to know its height, and measuring
point distance 2m × 2m with the accuracy
of ± 1mm. And draw lime lines to the
testing areas and testing units, as well as
the directional signs of machines entrance
and leave.
Spreading materials with the methods
of occupying progressively. Edge and
ultra-trail materials should be excluded
when loading materials in blasting sites
and materials should be extracted from
the material piles by pullshovel or crowd
shovel,
avoiding
extracting
planar
stratifiedly. Test-type material should be
extracted to make particle gradation test
before compacting test.
test to meet the test requirements of
thickness and flatness, and Water-level
Meters are adopted to test the thickness
for the purpose of ensuring material
thickness meet the test requirements.
All dam materials are spreading and
then measure the exact cushion thickness.
There
are
two
sprinkler
methods
including sprinkling at RCC test site and
sprinkling separately at transit stations
and RCC test site. According to the actual
situations of Shuibuya productive RCC
test
site,
the
owners,
designers,
supervisors and construction units all
confirmed to adjust appropriately the
sprinkler volume of dam material rolling.
Sprinkling should be done before the
accomplishment of dam material rolling,
and 5 types of sprinkler volume ,namely
0%、5%、10%、15%、20% are adopted
according
to
volume
method.
Dam
material sprinkler adjustment and specific
sprinkling methods in different zones are
shown in the table below.
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
Table of sprinkler volume of dam material compacting test
Material source
Dam type
Qiaogou HMY
ⅢC
Gong Shanbao Yard
ⅢB
Chang Tanghe HMY
ⅢC
Miaobao Yard
ⅢD
Jikeng bed-material
ⅢD
Youan Carbide Slag
ⅢA
San Youping AY
ⅡA
Gong Shanbao yard
ⅢA
Spillway
ⅢB
Sprinkler Methods
Designed
Actual
sprinkler
sprinkler Water addition at Water addition at
volume（%）volume（%）water station（%）
site（%）
15
5
30
70
20
10
30
70
25
15
30
70
15
0
30
70
20
10
30
70
25
15
30
70
15
0
30
70
20
5
30
70
25
10
30
70
15
5
30
70
20
10
30
70
25
15
30
70
15
10
0
100
20
15
0
100
10
0
0
100
15
5
0
100
20
10
0
100
5
2
0
100
10
5
0
100
10
0
0
100
15
5
0
100
20
10
0
100
15
5
0
100
20
10
0
100
25
15
0
100
Lime lines should be drawn to various
testing areas and units as well as marking
Remarks
raining
raining
volume and sedimentation rate of different
rolling times at each level.
track routes of mechanical equipments such
Digging in each test unit in ⅡA、ⅢA、
as rollers. After vibration roller vibrating to
ⅢB 、 ⅢC 、 ⅢD zone to test compaction
the normal working condition outside,
density, particle gradation and permeability
under the special command, it operates back
coefficient after rolling
and forth by whole vibration according to
set
parameters
of
RCC
construction
operations. Rolling a cycle is counted twice
and wheel tracks overlap should be no less
than 10 ~ 15cm.
3.5
Testing
Testing
sedimentation
sedimentation
testing
：
points
arranging
by
using
2.0m×2.0m square grid in the test units
esting density：testing pit water injection
Measuring the height of filling level after
method is adopted, each test unit is
rolling, and calculating the subsidence
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
arranged two testing pits, and average
times growing bearing the same growth
value of results from two testing pits is
trend. The highest sedimentation rate is of
taken as the
0% sprinkler, followed by 10 sprinkler,
compaction dry density
the lowest 10%.
value of the testing units
Testing
particle
The compaction sedimentation rate in
gradation ： size
distribution testing is carried out in each pit
Gongshanbao
to get the gradation curve after rolling.
increases with rolling times growing, and
ⅢA
materials
yard
coefficient ：
the highest compaction sedimentation rate
Permeability tests of each testing units in
is in 10% sprinkler pilot areas, the rate of
different
0% sprinkler being very close with 15
Testing
permeability
tests
permeability
all
test
adopt
and
in-situ
testing
pit
sprinkler.
water-injection test.
4
The compaction sedimentation rate in
Spillway ⅢB material yard increases with
Analysis of testing results
4.1
The
relationship
rolling
between
compaction sedimentation rate and rolling
times
The test results of ⅡA material rolling
show that the compaction sedimentation
rate increases in two different testing
areas with 2% 、 5% sprinkler volume
respectively as the roaring of rolling
times, but the compaction sedimentation
rate of the 2% sprinkler volume is higher
than that of 5% sprinkler volume.
The compacting test results of slag on
the right bank show that compaction
sedimentation rate increases with the
rolling times raised in three test areas
with sprinkler volume of 10%、5%、0%
respectively and reaches the highest point
in the sprinkler volume of 10%。
The
compacting
test
results
of
Gongshanbao ⅢA materials yard show
that the compaction sedimentation rate
increases in three pilot areas with rolling
times
growing,
and
the
compaction sedimentation rate in three
pilot
areas
is
close
to
RCC
time
relationship curve, but the compaction
sedimentation rate is relatively high when
it is 5% sprinkler volume.
The compaction sedimentation rate in
Qiaogou ⅢC material yard increases with
rolling times growing, and the rate roars
with the sprinkler volume increases
The
compacting
test
results
of
Changtanghe ⅢC material yard show that
the
ⅢC
material
compaction
sedimentation rate increases with rolling
times raised, and the rate reaches the
highest point in 0% sprinkler areas ,the
rate in 10% and 5% sprinkler areas being
very close.
The
compacting
test
results
of
Miaobao ⅢD material yard show that the
compaction sedimentation rate increases
with rolling times raised in three pilot
areas of 5%, 10% and 15% sprinkler
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
volume, and the rate in 10% and 5% pilot
times one. The relationship between the
areas is very close but have the highest
compacted dry density and rolling times
compaction sedimentation rate.
is shown in the table below：
The
compacting
test
results
The
of
compacting
test
results
of
river-bed ⅢD material show that the
river-bed ⅢD material show that the
compaction sedimentation rate increases
compacted dry density between 6 times
with rolling times raised in both 15% and
and 8 times rolling increases, and that of
10% sprinkler volume of 20t towed
8 times rolling is the highest, that of 10
vibrating roller and 25t self-propelled
times being lower than design standards.
roller, the compaction sedimentation rate
The compacted dry density increases
of 10% sprinkler volume of 20t towed
with
vibrating roller is higher than that of 15%
Gongshanbao ⅢB material yard, but has
sprinkler volume, and the compaction
no rules. The compacted dry density in 6
sedimentation rate of 20t towed vibrating
rolling times pilot areas does not meet the
roller
design requirements, and that in 8 and 10
is
higher
than
that
of
25t
self-propelled roller
times
4.2 The relationship between compacted
dry density and rolling times as well as
the relationship between porosity and
rolling times
The
compacting
test
results
of
Sanyouping artificial ⅢD material show
that the relationship between compacted
dry density and rolling times is not
obvious, and the compacted dry density
of 6 times and 8 times rolling is terribly
close with the value of 2.280g/ cm3
exceeding design standards ,but that of 10
times rolling is relatively lower meeting
the design requirement of 2.220g/ cm3
The
river-bed
compacting
ⅢD
the
test
material
results
show
of
that
compacted dry density in the two pilot
areas each of 6 times and 8 times rolling
is close. The compacted dry density of 10
times rolling is bigger than that of 8 and 6
rolling
pilot
times
areas
growing
exceeds
in
design
requirements, the compacted dry density
in 8 times pilot areas being higher than
that in 10 times areas. The relationship
between the compacted dry density and
rolling times is shown in the table below：
The
compacted
dry
density
of
spillway ⅢB material is generally lower
than
design
standards,
only
the
compacted dry density of one set testing
material being higher
The
Qiaogou
compacted
holding
dry
ⅢC
density
material
of
yard
increases with the rolling times growing
under the condition of 5% sprinkler
volume, but show no rules of increasing
obviously
with
10%~12%
sprinkler
volume.
The
compacting
test
results
of
ChangtTanghe ⅢD material yard show
that the compacted dry density in all pilot
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
areas is generally higher than design
The particle gradation of carbide slag
standards, and it increases between the
ⅢA materials changes a lot after rolling,
interval of 6 times and 8 times rolling.
but there is little change of 5mm
The compacted dry density of 8 times and
fine-grained content before and after
10 times is very close but that of 10
rolling. The gradation curve before and
rolling times is a little lower than that of
after rolling is mainly included in the
8 rolling times.
designed envelop curve.
The rolling effect of Miaobao ⅢD
The
particle
gradation
of
material is not as good as expected, the
Gongshanbao ⅢA material is close before
compacted dry density being lower than
and after rolling, but that of
design standards, and sky phenomenon is
material before and after rolling goes far
found during testing pit process. The
beyond designed envelop curve.
ⅢA
compacted dry density test results also
There is little change happened to the
show that the compacted dry density is
particle gradation of Gongshanbao ⅢB
relatively lower and that of 8 times is
material in 0% sprinkler areas, but
close to design standards.
obvious
changes
happened
to
the
In order to improve river bed ⅢD
sprinkler areas. the Fine-grained content
material gradation, some fine materials
of ⅢB increases with rolling times
from river bed excavation are added when
growing after rolling, and fine-grained
filling ⅢD materials. The compacting test
content of ＜0.1、＜5、＜20mm all meets
results show that the compacted dry
the design requirements.
There are big changes happened to
density is close in 20t towed vibrating
roller areas with 6 and 8 rolling times.
particle
The average compacted dry density of 20t
materials before and after rolling in
towed vibrating roller is higher than that
different
of 25t self-propelled roller, so the
fine-grained content is included in the
compaction effect of the first one is better
designed envelop curve, but not the
than that of the latter one
majority of gradation.
4.3
Gradation before and after dam
material filling
There is no big change happened to
particle gradation before and after rolling
Sanyouping artificialⅡA materials and
gradation curve before and after rolling
does not go beyond designed envelop
gradation
pilot
of
areas,
spillway
and
ⅢB
＜ 20mm
There are obvious changes happened
to particle gradation of ⅢB materials
from Qiaogou holding material yard
before and after rolling, the composition
of fine-grained content increases with the
sprinkler
volume
and
rolling
times
growing after rolling.
The particle gradation of ⅢA material
curve.
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
from Changtanghe material yard is close
and the results of testing pit watering test
before and after rolling, and there is no
show that rockfill materials in each
obvious change of gradation fine-grained
testing unit have a free permeability.
content after rolling, but the percentage of
The
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢB
various rough-grained content increases
construction materials from Gongshanbao
obviously.
has little change with the value of 10-01
The Miaobao ⅢD blasting materials
and the gradation after rolling is not as
good
as
expected,
with
and rockfill materials in each testing unit
perform partially permeability
The
＜ 20mm
fine-grained content less than 20%.
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢB
materials from spillway has little change,
There are obvious changes happened to
with the value of 10-0～10-01 , and rockfill
the particle gradation of river bed ⅢD
materials in each testing unit perform
materials rolled by 20t towed vibrating
partially permeability.
roller and 25t self-propelled roller, but
The
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢC
little to <5mm fine-grained content before
materials from Qiaogou holding material
and after rolling. Compared with that of
yard. The seepage parameter is relatively
25t self-propelled roller, the gradation
little in the testing unit with 10%～12%
curve of 20t towed vibrating roller
of sprinkler volume, and the rockfill dam
changes a lot before and after rolling.
materials perform partially permeability
4.4
Seepage properties of rockfill
materials after rolling
The seepage parameter of artificial
ⅡA materials in Sanyouping is between
10-03 and 10-04 ,all meeting the design
requirements.
The seepage parameter of carbide slag
from holes changes violently ranging
from 100 to 10-03, and the results of
testing pit watering test show that rockfill
materials can have a free permeability
horizontally,
and
bear
partially
permeability vertically.
The
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢA
construction materials from Gongshanbao
changes peacefully with that of each
testing unit ranging from 10-01 to 10-02,
or free permeability in the testing unit
with 5% sprinkler volume.
The
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢC
materials from Chang Tanghe changes
violently, with the value of 10-01～10-03
and the results of testing pit watering test
show that rockfill materials in each
testing unit perform free permeability
The
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢD
material from Miaobao material yard
ranging from 10-01 to 10-02, and the results
of testing pit watering test show that
rockfill
materials
permeability
both
perform
free
horizontally
and
vertically.
The
seepage
parameter
of
ⅢD
materials from river bed has little change,
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
with the value of 10-03 because of some
the highest point in the pilot area of 2%
fine-grained materials from river bed
sprinkler volume, and the compacted dry
excavation being added to rockfill ⅢD
density increase with the roaring sprinkler
materials, and the results of testing pit
volume which has a stronger effect on the
watering test show that rockfill materials
compacted dry density than rolling times.
The compacting test results of ⅢA
can have a free permeability horizontally,
and bear partially permeability vertically
4.5
Rolling effect of various rolling
machines
ⅢA、ⅢB、ⅢC roller compaction of 25t
self-propelled roller as well as ⅡA、ⅢA、
ⅢB 、 ⅢC roller compaction of 18t
self-propelled roller can basically meet
the
design
construction
requirements
parameter
,but
the
ⅢB
18t
of
self-propelled roller must get 8 rolling
times, while 6 times is enough to 25t
self-propelled roller
The
compaction
effect
of
ⅢD
materials rolled by 20t towed vibrating
roller is far better than that rolled by 25t
self-propelled roller, but dam materials
from different sources distinct from each
other
after
self-propelled
being
rolled
roller
leading
by
25t
to
the
compaction dry density of most testing
units
losing
to
meet
the
design
requirements.
carbide slag from holes show that the
compacted dry density increases with the
sprinkler volume growing in each pilot
area, and that in the 0% sprinkler volume
area loses to meet the design standards,
but that in both 10% and 15% sprinkler
volume area exceeds far from the design
standards with the highest compacted dry
density in 10% sprinkler volume area.
The compacting test results of ⅢA
construction material from Gongshanbao
show that the average compacted dry
density reaches the highest point in the
5% sprinkler volume area, lowest in the
10% sprinkler volume area and that in the
0% sprinkler volume area fails to meet
the design requirements.
The compacted dry density of ⅢB
construction material from Gongshanbao
increases with the sprinkler volume
growing in each pilot area with an
obvious raising trend. The testing results
show that the compacted dry density
stops
4.6
The relationship between the rolling
increasing
when
the sprinkler
volume is 10%.
effect and sprinkler volume
The compacted dry density of ⅢB
The compacting test results of ⅡA
material from spillway is generally lower
artificial materials from Sanyouping show
than design standards, only with one set
that the compacted dry density increases
of compacted dry density higher.
with the rolling times growing, reaching
4.6.6The compacted dry density of ⅢC
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The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
materials from Qiaogou holding material
15% sprinkler volume area is higher than
yard increases with the sprinkler volume
that in the 10% sprinkler volume area, far
growing with a strong raising trend. The
lower than the design standards.
testing results show that the compacted
dry
density
can
meet
the
design
5
requirements under the condition of 6
Conclusion and suggestion
The
compacted
dry
density
and
rolling times and 5% sprinkler volume,
seepage properties of ⅡA materials can
while the sprinkler volume reaches 10%
meet the design requirements, the rolling
difficulty seizes site filling construction
times slightly affect the rolling effect, and
and
the
soft-rock
features
such
as
sprinkler
volume
has
direct
agglutination in the surface of filling
relationship with rolling effect. Yard
materials come out.
sprinkler method is better to sprinkler
The compacting test results of ⅢC
operation and all should be done before
materials from Changtanghe show that
and
the
density
sprinkler volume should be controlled in
reaches the highest point in the pilot area
5%，and be adjusted with the rainfalls.
of 5% sprinkler volume, lowest in the
The
10% sprinkler volume, while the sprinkler
parameter of ⅡA materials is to adopt
volume exceeds 10%, difficulty seizes
backward
site filling construction and soft-rock
method with 6 rolling times , 40cm
features such as agglutination in the
thickness and 5% sprinkler volume.
average
compacted
dry
after
spreading
suggestions
materials.
for
elimination
The
construction
as
spreading
Whether ⅢA materials rolled by 25t
surface of filling materials come out.
The compacting test results of ⅢD
or 18t self-propelled roller, it can always
construction material from Miaobao show
meet the design requirement. If the
that the compacted dry density is close in
gradation curve of blasting materials from
the 5% and 10%sprinkler volume areas,
Gongshanbao is not beyond the design
both lower than design standards, but it
envelope curve, the rolling effect would
reaches the highest point in the 15%
be much better. The suggestions for
sprinkler volume area closing to the
construction parameter of ⅡA materials is
design standards.
to adopt hybrid method as spreading
The compacting test results of ⅢD
method with 6 to 8 rolling times , 40cm
material from river bed show that the
thickness and 5% to 10% sprinkler
compacted
volume
dry
density
of
25t
towed
The rolling effect of ⅢB materials
vibrating roller changes slightly with the
rolled by 25t self-propelled roller differs
different sprinkler volume, and that in the
due to the various dam material sources.
self-propelled
roller
and
20t
- 11 -
The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams
The compacted dry density of blasting
at adding water station. Filling rolling
test materials from Gongshanbao can
construction techniques and criterion of
meet the design requirements after rolling,
quality controlling of soft rock materials
but that of blasting test materials from
should be made as consultations during
spillway
the filling rolling construction.
is
lower
than
its
design
specifications, with the gradation curve of
The rolling effect of ⅢD rolled by 25t
two blasting tests differing from the
self-propelled roller can not meet the
design envelope one. The suggestions for
design requirements, and only the testing
construction parameter of ⅢB materials is
parameters in the two units of river bed
to
excavation
adopt
method
of
occupying
satisfy
the
requirements,
progressively as spreading method with 8
leaving that of excavation materials from
rolling times , 80cm thickness and 5% to
Miaobao losing to meet the requirements.
10% sprinkler volume and watering is
But the good rolling effect of river bed
expected
before
excavation materials is found while
spreading materials and adding water
adopting towed vibrating roller with the
stations.
compacted dry density higher than the
to
be
completed
Ⅲc materials rolled by 25t or 18t
design specifications. The suggestions for
self-propelled roller can meet the design
construction parameter of ⅢD materials is
requirements with the compacted dry
to use 25t self-propelled roller and adopt
density higher than design specifications.
the method of occupying progressively as
The
construction
spreading method while with 8 to 10
parameter of ⅢB materials is to use 18t
rolling times, 100cm thickness and 10 to
self-propelled roller and adopt method of
20% sprinkler volume under the condition
hybrid method as spreading method with
of
6 to 8 rolling times, 80cm thickness and
excavation
5%
25t
self-propelled roller with 4 to 6 rolling
self-propelled roller with 6 rolling times,
times, 120cm thickness and 10 to 15%
100cm
sprinkler
suggestions
sprinkler
thickness
for
volume,
and
5%
and
sprinkler
volume and watering is expected to be
successive
condition.
completed while spreading materials and
- 12 -
gradation
materials,
volume
and
under
curve
of
use
20t
the
same