Secondary
Storage
Chapter 7
Computing
Essentials 2014
Edited/Modified by Nicole Tobias
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized
for sale or
in any manner.
This document
may notmay
be copied,
authorized
fordistribution
sale or distribution
in any manner.
This document
not be scanned,
copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Competencies (Page 1 of 2)
 Distinguish between primary and secondary
storage.
 Discuss the important characteristics of
secondary storage, including media, capacity,
storage devices, and access speed.
 Describe hard disk platters, tracks, sectors,
cylinders, and head crashes.
 Compare internal and external hard drives.
 Discuss performance enhancements including
disk caching, RAID, file compression, and
file decompression.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
2
Competencies (Page 2 of 2)
 Define optical storage including compact
discs, digital versatile discs, and Blu-ray discs.
 Define solid-state storage, including solidstate drives, flash memory cards, and USB
drives.
 Define cloud storage and cloud storage
services.
 Discuss mass storage, mass storage devices,
enterprise storage systems, and storage area
networks.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Introduction
 Data storage has expanded from text and
numeric files to include digital music files,
photographic files, video files, and much
more.
 These new types of files require secondary
storage devices with much greater capacity.
 In this chapter, you learn about
the many types of secondary
storage devices including their
capabilities and limitations.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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Secondary Storage
 What is it used for?
 These devices are used to:
 Save files
 Back up files
 Transport files
 Secondary Storage provides both
permanent or nonvolatile storage.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Storage
 Primary storage
 Volatile storage
 Temporary storage
 Random Access
Memory (RAM)
 Secondary storage
 Nonvolatile storage
 Permanent storage
 Secondary storage
characteristics
 Media
 Capacity
 Storage devices
 Access speed
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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Hard Disks
 Save Files by altering the magnetic charges
of the disk
 Retrieves data and programs by reading
the disk
 Density
 How tightly these charges can be packed
next to one another.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Hard Disks
 Use Rigid metallic platters stacked on top
of one another
 Files are stored and organized on
 Tracks
 Sectors
 Cylinders
 Two basic types
 Internal hard disk
 External hard drives
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Internal vs External
 Internal hard disks
 Located inside the system unit
 Most all applications are designed to be
stored and run from this
 External hard drives
 Connect externally either by USB or
Firewire port to the system unit
 Used to complement an internal hard
disk
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Performance Enhancements
 Three ways to improve performance
 Disk caching
 RAID
 Redundant arrays of inexpensive disks
 File compression and File
decompression
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Optical Discs
 Can hold 100 + GB of data
 Use reflected light to represent data
 Read by use of a laser.
 The amount of light reflected determines
whether the area represents a 1 or 0.
 Typically use a single track that spirals to
the center of the disk
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Compact Disc
 Store 700 MB of data on one side
 Three types
 CD-ROM
 Read only
 CD-R
 Write once
 CD-RW
 Rewriteable
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
DVD
 Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc
 Stores 4.7 GB on one side
 17x the capacity of a CD
 Three types
 DVD-ROM
 Read only
 DVD-R, DVD+R
 Write once
 DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM
 Rewriteable
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Blu-ray Disc
 Greater capacity than a DVD
 Current hi def standard
 Capacity of 50 GB on one side
 Three basic types
 Read, write, rewrite (same as CD and
DVD)
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Solid-State Storage
 Solid–state drives (SSDs)
 No moving parts
 Faster and more durable
than hard disks
 Flash memory cards
 Widely used in computers,
cameras, and portable
devices such as mobile
phones and GPS navigation
systems
 USB Drives (or Flash Drives)
 Connect to USB port
 Capacity of 1 GB to 256 GB
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
15
Cloud Computing
 Cloud computing is where the Internet
acts as a “cloud” of servers
 Applications provided as a service rather
than a product
 Supplied by servers
 Google Apps
 Mint.com
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Cloud Storage Services
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Making IT Work for You ~ Cloud Storage
 Using a cloud storage service
makes it easy to upload and
share files with
anyone.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Mass Storage Devices
 Large amounts of secondary storage called
mass storage
 An enterprise storage system strategy ensures
efficient and safe use of data across an
organizational network Devices include:
 File servers
 Networked attached storage (NAS)
 RAID systems
 Tape libraries
 Organizational cloud storage
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Enterprise Storage Systems
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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Storage Area Network (SAN)
 Architecture to link remote computer
storage devices, such as enterprise storage
systems, to computers such that the
devices are available as locally attached
drives
 User’s computer provides file system, but
SAN provides disk space
 House data in remote locations and still
allow efficient and secure access
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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Careers In IT
 Disaster recovery specialists are responsible
for recovering systems and data after a
disaster strokes
 General employer requirements
 Bachelors degree in
computer science
 Extensive knowledge of
computers and technology
 Communication and analytical skills
 Annual salary of $70,000 to $103,000
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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A Look to the Future ~ Where are you storing your files?
 At some point, hard drives
will no longer be able to
keep up
 Looking at ways of
increasing capacity
without increasing size
 Currently hard drive
maxes out at 128 GB per
square inch.
 New technologies may
advance this to 6.25 TG
(6,250 GB) per square
inch.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
23
Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2)
 Compare primary storage and secondary
storage, and discuss the most important
characteristics of secondary storage.
 Discus hard disks including density, platters,
tracks, sectors, cylinders, head crashes,
internal, external, and performance
enhancements.
 Discuss optical disks including pits, lands,
CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray, and hi def.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
24
Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2)
 Discuss solid-state storage including solid-state
drives, flash memory, and USB drives.
 Discuss cloud computing and cloud storage.
 Describe mass storage devices including
enterprise storages systems, file servers, network
attached storage, RAID systems, tape libraries,
organizational cloud storage, and storage area
network systems.
Secondary Storage
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
25