Unit 10
Solutions Review KEY
1 In a solution, the substance that is dissolved is called _SOLUTE_________________
2 A substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water is called a(n) ELECTROLYTE
3 What is the name of the process by which a crystalline solid is dissolved as separate ions
in solution? DISSOCIATION
4 Any molecule that is positively charged on one side and negatively charged on the
other is __POLAR_________________
5 Any substance that does NOT conduct electricity when in solution is called a(n)
NONELECTROLYTE__
6 A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that is soluble at a given
temperature is said to be
___SATURATED__________________
7 How can you dissolve a greater amount of gas in a solution? DECREASE TEMP, ADD PRESSURE
8 How can you dissolve a greater amount of solid in a solution?
CRUSH INTO SMALLER PIECES
STIR/AGITATE
USUALLY HEAT
9 Consult solubility rules and specify whether these ions are mostly soluble or insoluble?
K+
__SOLUBLE____________
Ag+ ____ INSOLUBLE ________
Hg+ __ INSOLUBLE ________
Mg++ ____ SOLUBLE ___________
Na+ __ SOLUBLE __________
Li+
____ SOLUBLE ___________
10 When referring to the solubility of different substances, the phrase "like dissolves like" is
often used as a guideline to select an appropriate solvent. What property does this refer to?
POLARITY
11 How can you recognize or test to confirm a saturated solutions?
UNDISSOLVED SOLUTE IN THE BOTTOM
12 How can you recognize or test to confirm an unsaturated solutions?
NO UNDISSOLVED SOLUTE, ADD A SMALL CRYSTAL AND IT DISSOLVES
13 How can you recognize or test to confirm a supersaturated solutions?
NO UNDISSOLVED SOLUTE, ADD A SMALL CRYSTAL AND IT GROWS BIGGER
14 What units are used to describe the solubility of a substance in a given solution?
AMOUNT OF SOLUTE PER AMOUNT OF SOLVENT
15 What is the molarity of a solution that contains 0.400 mol HCl in 9.79 L solution?
0.0409M
(USE THE FORMULA MOLARITY = MOLES / LITER)
16 What volume of 2.5M NaOH solution contains 3.25 mol of NaOH?
1.3 L
(USE THE FORMULA MOLARITY = MOLES / LITER)
17 What volume of a 0.150 M saltwater solution contains 0.500 g of NaCl?
0.057 L
(USE THE FORMULA MOLARITY = MOLES / LITER)
18 Which type of solution has achieved equilibrium between the rate of crystallization and
rate of dissolution? SATURATED
19 A solution in which more solute is dissolved than is typically soluble at a given
temperature is — SUPERSATURATED
20 To make 3.50 L of 0.600 M nitric acid, how many mL of a 1.00 M stock solution are used?
2100 mL
(USE THE FORMULA M1 * V1 = M2 * V2)
21 What will happen to the ability of a solid to dissolve in a liquid if the temperature
increases?
USUALLY INCREASES
22 A sample of 0.055 mol Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, was dissolved in water to yield 50.0 mL
of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? 1.1 M
(MOLARITY = MOLES / LITER)
23 What volume of 0.15 M NaHCO3 is required to yield 0.325 mol of NaHCO3?
2.2 L
(USE THE FORMULA MOLARITY = MOLES / LITER)
24 An aqueous solution is made from 0.235 mol of Na2Cr2O7. If the volume of the
solution is 75.0 mL, what is the molarity of the solution? (Answer with significant
digits.) 3.13 M
(USE THE FORMULA M1 * V1 = M2 * V2)
25 How many mL of stock NH3 is needed to make 150.0mL of 3.00M NH3? Your stock
solution is 14.8M. (Answer in significant figures with mL for unit.)30.4 mL (USE M1*V1 = M2*V2)
26 A beaker containing 110 grams of sodium nitrate, NaNO3, in 100 grams of water
has a temperature of 30°C. Approximately how many grams of the salt are undissolved
on the bottom of the beaker? About 15 g
27 In order to have a saturated solution, how many grams of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl,
need to be dissolved in 100 grams of water at 20°C.
about 38 g
28 What can you say to summarize the general features of the chart?
Most compounds are more soluble as temperature increases
29 Which salt has a solubility curve which resembles the behavior of gasses in solution?
Ce2(SO4)3