SOUTHEASTASIABEFORE1800
History457
Fall2010
MWF1:20‐2:10pm
1131HumanitiesBldg
Instructor:MichaelCullinane
Office:207Ingraham
OfficeHours:WF4‐5,orbyapp
Phone:263‐1755
email:[email protected]
Southeast Asia is a region that today consists of eleven nations: Brunei, Cambodia
(Kampuchea), East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), Philippines, Singapore,
Thailand,andVietnam,eachwithitsownhistory,culturalandethnicdiversity,andpoliticalandsocio‐
economicconditions.Nevertheless,itisaregion‐‐betweenChinaandIndia‐‐thathasoverthecenturies
cometopossessmanyculturalandhistoricalsimilaritiesandcontinuitiesthatmakeitunique.Mostof
thenationsthatcompriseSoutheastAsiaareofmodernorigin,havingemergedintheircurrentforms
inthe20thcenturyandundertheinfluenceofWesterncolonialism.Inthiscoursewewillexplorethe
historyofthisregionfromitsprehistoricrootstotheearlydecadesofthe19thcentury.Duringthis
long period oftime,theformationofstatesandthelocationsofmajorethnicgroupswillchange,in
some cases dramatically. We will approach the history of this diverse region by focusing on three
broad periods: 1) prehistory and early historical developments(to c.800 CE); 2) the classical states
andsocieties(c.800toc.1400CE)(withanemphasisonAngkor);and3)theearlymodernstatesand
societies(c.1400toc.1830).Withinthesebroadandoverlappingtimeframes,thecoursewillexplore
severaltopicsandthemes,amongthem:ethnicmigrationsandinteractions;IndicandChinesepolitical
and cultural influences; the origins and forms of indigenous states (kingdoms and empires); the
spread of major religions and the impact of religious conversions and institutions; and patterns of
social organization and gender relations. Southeast Asia was a region that responded to economic,
social, political, religious, and cosmological ideas and constructs beyond the region itself; its people
were not passive recipients but were active participants in developing the states, societies, and
religioussystemsthatcametoplayamajorpartintheirlives.Formostofitshistory,SoutheastAsians
themselvesselectedandadapted‐indigenizedandvernacularized‐externalelementsandcombined
themwiththeirowncultural,socialorganizational,andpoliticalrealities,creatingoverthecenturiesa
dynamicregionoftheworld.Bytheendofthe18thandthestartofthe19thcenturies(wherethis
courseends),mostoftheSoutheastAsiawasbeingoverwhelmedbyEuropeancolonialregimes,which
resulted in a brief but transformative new period in the region's history (the colonial period). This
coursewillconcentrateonthelongperiodofSoutheastAsianhistorythatprecededthemajorcolonial
conquests.
MostoftherequiredreadingsforthiscoursewillbeelectronicandavailablethroughMyUW
(under Library Reserves and Learn@UW); hard copies of the books and articles required for the
coursewillalsobeonreserveattheCollegeLibrary.Therearetwotextbooksrequiredforthecourse:
TheCivilizationofAngkor,byCharlesHigham.
Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,2001.
TheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia,editedbyN.Tarling.
Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1999:VolumeOne,PartTwo.
ThesetextbooksareavailableattheRainbowBookstoreCooperative(426W.Gilman).
COURSEOUTLINEANDREADINGASSIGNMENTS
Therearethreekindsofreadingsforthecourse:
1)thetextbooks(indicatedbelowby"textbook")
2)electronicreadingsore‐reserves(indicatedbelowby"**")
3)onlinesources,suchasJSTOR(mainlyforV.Lieberman)
September3‐10(9/6:LaborDay)(3lectures)
INTRODUCTION
**A.Reid."Introduction:TheLandsBelowtheWinds"SoutheastAsiaintheAgeofCommerce,1450‐
1680.NewHaven:YaleUniversityPress,1993:Volume1:1‐10.
**D.Emmerson."What'sintheName`SoutheastAsia'?JournalofSoutheastAsianStudies,15,1984:1‐
21.
PARTI.PREHISTORYANDEARLYHISTORY:SOUTHEASTTOc.800CE
September13‐17(3lectures)
PRE‐HISTORY:Agriculture,Trade,andMoreComplexSocietiesto200CE
Textbook:C.Higham.TheCivilizationofAngkor.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,2001:
1‐22.
**C.Lockard."TheAncientRootsofSoutheastAsiatoc.200BCE"inSoutheastAsiainWorld
History.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,2009:5‐19.
**K. Hall. "Economic History of Early Southeast Asia" in The Cambridge History of Southeast
Asia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:183‐192.
**C. Bellwood. "Southeast Asia Before History" in The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia:
FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:90‐112.
September20‐24(3lectures)
EMERGINGPOLITIES:LocalSocietiesandIndicInfluencestoc.1000CE
Textbook:C.Higham.TheCivilizationofAngkor.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,2001:
1‐12,23‐52.
**C.Lockard."SoutheastAsiansintheClassicalWorld,c.200BCE‐800CE"inSoutheastAsiain
WorldHistory.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,2009:20‐33.
September27‐29(2lectures)
EMERGINGPOLITIES:TheVietnameseand"Han"Expansiontoc.1000
**K.Taylor."LacLords"inTheBirthofVietnam.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1983:
1‐44;
**S. O'Harrow. "From Co‐loa to the Trung Sisters' Revolt: Vietnam as the Chinese Found It"
AsianPerspectives22(2)1979:140‐163.
**D.R. SarDesai. "Vietnam" Southeast Asia Past and Present. 6th Edition. Boulder: Westview
Press,2010:33‐35.
II.CLASSICALSTATESANDSOCIETIES:c.800toc.1400
October1‐8(4lectures)
CLASSICALSTATESANDSOCIETIES:c.800toc.1400
General
**C.Lockard."TheKingdomsoftheGoldenAgec.800‐1400"inSoutheastAsiainWorldHistory.
Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,2009:34‐51.
Angkor:Khmer
Textbook:C.Higham.TheCivilizationofAngkor.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,2001:
53‐142.
SelecttwogroupsforcomparisonwithAngkor(onemainland,onemaritime):
Champa:Cham
**K.Taylor."TheEarlyKingdoms"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edby
N.Tarling:Volume1:153‐157.
**K. Hall. "Economic History of Early Southeast Asia" in The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: From Early
Timestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:252‐260.
Pagan:Burman,Mon,andPyu
**K.Taylor."TheEarlyKingdoms"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edby
N.Tarling:Volume1:164‐168.
**K. Hall. "Economic History of Early Southeast Asia" in The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: From Early
Timestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:240‐245.
DaiViet:Vietnamese
**K.Taylor."TheEarlyKingdoms"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edby
N.Tarling:Volume1:137‐153.
**K. Hall. "Economic History of Early Southeast Asia" in The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: From Early
Timestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:260‐269.
Sukhothai/Ayutthaya:Thai
**D. Wyatt. "Relics, Oaths and Politics in Thirteenth‐Century Siam" Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 32, 1
(2/2001):3‐66.
**K.Taylor."TheEarlyKingdoms"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edby
N.Tarling:Volume1:168‐173.
Srivijaya:Malay
**K.Taylor."TheEarlyKingdoms"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edby
N.Tarling:Volume1:173‐176.
**K. Hall. "Economic History of Early Southeast Asia" in The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: From Early
Timestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling,Volume1:196‐202.
JavaandMajapahit:Javanese
**K.Taylor."TheEarlyKingdoms"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:FromEarlyTimestoc.1800,edby
N.Tarling:Volume1:176‐181.
**K. Hall. "Economic History of Early Southeast Asia" in The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: From Early
Timestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:202‐226.
October11(1lecture)
POLITICALDISINTEGRATION:FactorsintheDeclineofClassicalStates
**K.Hall."EconomicHistoryofEarlySoutheastAsia"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia:From
EarlyTimestoc.1800,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1:245‐252;226‐229.
FIRSTTAKE‐HOMEEXAM:DistributedOctober11,returnedOctober13.
PARTIII.EARLYMODERNSTATESANDSOCIETIES:c.1400toc.1830
October13‐18(3lectures)
EARLYMODERNSTATESANDSOCIETIES:AnOverview,c.1400‐c.1830
Textbook: B. Andaya. "Political Developments Between the Sixteenth and Eighteenth
Centuries"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1,Part2:58‐
115.
Textbook: A. Reid. "Economic and Social Change, c.1400‐1800" in The Cambridge History of
SoutheastAsia,edbyN.Tarling:Volume1,Part2:116‐163.
Textbook:L.Andaya."InteractionswiththeOutsideWorldandAdaptationinSoutheastAsian
Society, 1500‐1800" inThe Cambridge History of Southeast Asia,edbyN.Tarling,Volume1,
Part2:1‐57.
October20‐29(5lectures)
EARLYMODERNSTATESANDSOCIETIES:ConstructingaFrameworkforc.1400‐c.1830
**Online: V. Lieberman. "Local Integration and Eurasian Analogies: Structuring Southeast
AsianHistory"ModernAsianStudies27(3)July1993:475‐572.(availableonJSTOR:MadCat:
BasicSearch:ModernAsianStudiesonline:JSTOR:1993:July1993,no.3:article)
**AlsoavailableinhardcopyfileatCollegeReserves
November1‐5(3lectures)
ISLASFILIPINAS:AnEarlyModernSoutheastAsiaStateandSociety
**K.Hutterer.ABalanceofTrade:TheSocialNatureofLatePre‐HispanicPhilippines(published
lecture,DeKalb:NorthernIllinoisUniversity,CenterforSoutheastAsianStudies,1985:1‐12.
**W.H. Scott. "Why Did Tupas Betray Dagami? in Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino. 1992:
159‐170.
**J.L. Phelan. "Political Hispanization" and "In Retrospect" in his The Hispanization of the
Philippines:SpanishAimsandFilipinoResponses,1565‐1700.Madison:UniversityofWisconsin
Press,1959:121‐135,153‐161.
SECONDTAKE‐HOMEEXAM:DistributedNovember5returnedNovember8.
November8‐12(3lectures)
THESOUTHEASTASIAN"STATE"BEFOREc.1830
**H.Kulke."TheEarlyandImperialKingdomsinSoutheastAsianHistory"inSoutheastAsiain
the9thto14thCentury,ed.byD.G.MarrandA.Milner.Singapore,1‐17,notes:18‐22.
**O.W. Wolters. "Some Features of the Cultural Matrix" and "Again a Cultural Matrix" in
History, Culture and Region in Southeast Asia Perspectives. Ithaca: Cornell Southeast Asia
Program,1999:15‐26,107‐125.
November15‐19(3lectures)
KINGSHIP,POWER,ANDLEGITIMACY
**B.Anderson."TheIdeaofPowerinJavaneseCulture"inCultureandPoliticsinIndonesia,ed.
byClaireHolt.Ithaca:CornellUniversityPress,1972:1‐69.
**T. Day. "Ties that (Un)Bind: Families and States in Pre‐Modern Southeast Asia" Journal of
AsianStudies55(2),1996:384‐405,notes:405‐409.
November22‐December1(11/26:Thanksgiving;4lectures)
RELIGIONANDSOCIETY
Textbook:B.Andaya.andY.Ishii."ReligiousDevelopmentsinSoutheast,c.1500‐1800"inThe
CambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia,edbyN.Tarling,Volume1,Part2:164‐227.
**A.Reid."AReligiousRevolution"inSoutheastAsiaintheAgeofCommerce,1450‐1680.New
Haven:YaleUniversityPress,1993:Volume2:132‐201.
**Robert C. Lester. "Historical Development" in Theravada Buddhism in Southeast Asia. Ann
Arbor:UniversityofMichiganPress,1973:66‐80.
December3‐10(4lectures)
SOCIALORGANIZATION,"SLAVERY,"ANDCHANGINGGENDERRELATIONS
**A.Reid."SocialOrganization"SoutheastAsiaintheAgeofCommerce,1450‐1680.NewHaven:
YaleUniversityPress,1993:Volume1:120‐172.
**B. Andaya. "Women and Religious Change" and "Conclusion: Repositioning Women in
Southeast Asian History" in The Flaming Womb: Repositioning Women in Early Modern
SoutheastAsia.Honolulu:UniversityofHawai'iPress,2006:70‐103;226‐232;notes:252‐262;
295‐296.
THIRDTAKE‐HOMEEXAM:DistributedDecember10,returnedDecember15.
December13‐15(2lectures)
FROM"GNATS"TO"VULTURES":TheChallengeoftheWest
Textbook: K. Kathirithamby‐Wells. "The Age of Transition: The Mid‐Eighteenth to the Early
NineteenthCenturies"inTheCambridgeHistoryofSoutheastAsia,edbyN.Tarling,Volume1,
Part2:228‐275.
**A. Reid. "`Heaven's Will and Man's Fault': The Rise of the West as a Southeast Asian
Dilemma"inChartingtheShapeofEarlyModernSoutheastAsia,ed.byAnthonyReid.Chiang
Mai:SilkwormBooks,1999:246‐271.