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6 Matter Test Friday, February 11 Matching, Multiple Choice, Short Answer, Performance Assessment The Big Ideas: ● All matter is made up of atoms. ● Each atom takes up space, has mass and is in constant motion. ● Mass is the amount of matter in an object. ● Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. ● Density is the amount of mass in a given volume. ● Elements are a class of substances composed of a single kind of atom. ● Molecules are the combination of two or more atoms that are joined together chemically. ● Compounds are composed of two or more different elements. ● Changes of state are explained by a model of matter composed of atoms and/or molecules that are in motion. From Chapter 1 Reading, Intro to Matter Lab 1 & 2, and Quiz over Matter 1). What are three properties of a solid? Definite shape, definite volume, not easily compressed 2). What are three properties of a liquid? Takes shape of container, Definite volume, not easily compressed 3). What are three properties of a gas? No definite shape, no definite volume, easily compressed 4). Why/ when does a substance change its state of matter? When it is heated or cooled, the molecules speed up or slow down causing a change in state. 5). What happens to the molecules in a substance when they heat up? Molecules speed up and spread out. 6). What happens to the molecules in a substance when they cool down? Molecules slow down and come closer together. From the “Guided Reading Notes” and the “Check for Understanding on Atom, Molecule, Compound, Mixtures” 1). Who was Mendeleev and what did he contribute to science? Russian scientist who formed the first periodic table of elements. 2). What are two things that a Periodic Table can tell you about an element? atomic mass, metal or non­metal, atomic weight, state of matter at room temperature, reactivity, symbol. 3). What is an element ? A pure substance. 4). What is an molecule? Two atoms of the same element joined together chemically. 5). What is the difference between a compound and a mixture? Compounds are made of two or more different elements. They can only be broken apart through chemical means. (adding acid to break down a metal) Mixtures can be made of elements, molecules, or compounds. They are not chemically bonded ­ they are mixed and can be broken apart by physical action. (hit the rock with a hammer) From the “Measuring Lab” and Measurement reading 1). Complete the following chart: Definition Unit of Measurement Tool(s) Used Mass A measure of how much matter is in an object. grams triple beam balance Volume The amount of space that matter occupies. Liquid: mL 3
Solid: cm​
3 Irregular solid: cm​
Liquid: graduated cylinder Solid: ruler ­ (l x w x h) Irregular solid: graduated cylinder for water displacement Density The measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume. 3
g/cm​
Calculate the mass and find the volume then use D=M / V. Formula triangle for Mass, Volume, and Density. 2). What is the mass of the object? ​
480 g 3). What is the volume of this cube? ​
1.4 x1.4 x 1.4 = 2.744cm3 4). What is the volume in each cylinder? ​
A. 2 ⅘mL B) 44mL C) 5 ⅖ mL 5. John says the volume of the rock is 38 grams. Explain two reasons why John is wrong. 1​
. The unit of measure is wrong. Grams measures mass. Volume is measured in cm3 2. The rock is 13 cm From Density Reading and Density Block Lab 1). Find the density for the following objects: 5 g/cm3
5 g/cm3
30 cm3
32g 2. Compare the density of oil to water. ​
Oil is less dense than water so it floats above the water. 3). Performance Assessment: The day of the test you will need to find the density of a mystery block.