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Administration takes first step to implement legislation modernizing how Medicare pays physicians for quality | HHS.gov
HHS.gov
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 27, 2016
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Contact: CMS Press Office
202­690­6145
[email protected]
Administration takes first step to implement legislation modernizing
how Medicare pays physicians for quality
The Department of Health and Human Services today issued a proposal to align and modernize how
Medicare payments are tied to the cost and quality of patient care for hundreds of thousands of doctors
and other clinicians. The Notice of Proposed Rulemaking is a first step in implementing certain provisions
of the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA). This legislation – supported by
a bipartisan majority and stakeholders such as patient groups and medical associations – ended more
than a decade of last­minute fixes and potential payment cliffs for Medicare doctors and clinicians, while
making numerous improvements to America’s health care system.
“The legislation Congress passed a little over a year ago was a milestone in our efforts to advance a
health care system that rewards better care, smarter spending, and healthier people,” said HHS Secretary
Sylvia M. Burwell. “We have more work to do, but we are committed to implementing this important
legislation and creating a health care system that works better for doctors, patients, and taxpayers alike.
We look forward to listening and learning from the public on our proposal for how to advance that goal.”
Currently, Medicare measures the value and quality of care provided by doctors and other clinicians
through a patchwork of programs. Some clinicians are part of Alternative Payment Models such as the
Accountable Care Organizations, the Comprehensive Primary Care Initiative, and the Medicare Shared
Savings Program—and most participate in programs such as the Physician Quality Reporting System, the
Value Modifier Program, and the Medicare Electronic Health Record (EHR) Incentive Program.
Congress streamlined these various programs into a single framework to help clinicians transition from
payments based on volume to payments based on value. Today’s proposed rule would implement these
changes through the unified framework called the Quality Payment Program, which includes two paths:
The Merit­based Incentive Payment System (MIPS)
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Advanced Alternative Payment Models (APMs).
“We are working with the medical community to advance our collective vision for Medicare payment
reform,” said Dr. Patrick Conway, CMS acting principal deputy administrator and chief medical officer. “By
proposing a flexible, rather than a one­size­fits­all program, we are attempting to reflect how doctors and
other clinicians deliver care and give them the opportunity to participate in a way that is best for them,
their practice, and their patients. Reducing burden and improving how we measure performance supports
clinicians in doing what they do best – caring for their patients.”
Merit­based Incentive Payment System (MIPS)
Most Medicare clinicians will initially participate in the Quality Payment Program through MIPS. The ACA
moved many Medicare payment systems, including that for clinicians, towards value, and MACRA builds
on that work. Consistent with the goals of the law, the proposed rule would improve the relevancy and
depth Medicare’s quality­based payments and increase clinician flexibility by allowing clinicians to choose
measures and activities appropriate to the type of care they provide. MIPS allows Medicare clinicians to
be paid for providing high value care through success in four performance categories: Quality, Advancing
Care Information, Clinical Practice Improvement Activities, and Cost.
Quality (50 percent of total score in year 1): For this category, clinicians would choose to report six
measures from among a range of options that accommodate differences among specialties and
practices.
Advancing Care Information (25 percent of total score in year 1): For this category, clinicians would
choose to report customizable measures that reflect how they use technology in their day­to­day
practice, with a particular emphasis on interoperability and information exchange. Unlike the existing
reporting program, this category would not require all­or­nothing EHR measurement or redundant
quality reporting.
Clinical Practice Improvement Activities (15 percent of total score in year 1): This category would
reward clinical practice improvements, such as activities focused on care coordination, beneficiary
engagement, and patient safety. Clinicians may select activities that match their practices’ goals from a
list of more than 90 options.
Cost (10 percent of total score in year 1): For this category, the score would be based on Medicare
claims, meaning no reporting requirements for clinicians. This category would use 40 episode­specific
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measures to account for differences among specialties.
The proposed rule seeks to streamline and reduce reporting burden across all four categories, while
adding flexibility for physician practices. CMS would begin measuring performance for doctors and other
clinicians through MIPS in 2017, with payments based on those measures beginning in 2019.
Advanced Alternative Payment Models
Thanks to new tools created by the Affordable Care Act, increasing numbers of Medicare clinicians are
participating in alternative payment models, which are helping transform how our health care system
delivers care. Building on the Affordable Care Act, the bipartisan MACRA legislation created additional
rewards for clinicians who take this further step towards care transformation. Medicare clinicians who
participate to a sufficient extent in Advanced Alternative Payment Models – would be exempt from MIPS
reporting requirements and qualify for financial bonuses. These models include the new Comprehensive
Primary Care Plus (CPC+) model, the Next Generation ACO model, and other Alternative Payment
Models under which clinicians accept both risk and reward for providing coordinated, high­quality care.
Many clinicians who participate to some extent in Alternative Payment Models may not meet the law’s
requirements for sufficient participation in the most advanced models. The proposed rule is designed to
provide these clinicians with financial rewards within MIPS, as well as to make it easy for clinicians to
switch between the components of the Quality Payment Program based on what works best for them and
their patients. We expect that the number of clinicians who qualify as participating in Advanced Alternative Payment
Models will grow as the program matures.
Beginning a Dialogue
In implementing the law, we were guided by the same principles underlying the bipartisan legislation itself:
streamlining and strengthening quality­based payments for all physicians; rewarding participation in
Advanced Alternative Payment Models that create the strongest incentives for high­quality, efficient, and
coordinated care; and giving doctors and other clinicians flexibility regarding how they participate in the
new payment system. Today’s rule incorporates input from patients, caregivers, clinicians, health care
professionals, and other stakeholders, but it represents only the first step in an iterative implementation
process.
HHS looks forward to feedback on the proposal and will accept comments until June 26, 2016.
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Comments may be submitted electronically through our e­Regulation website at
http://www.cms.gov/Regulations­and­Guidance/Regulations­and­Policies/eRulemaking/index.html?
redirect=/eRulemaking
For more information about today’s proposals, including a fact sheet, please visit:
http://go.cms.gov/QualityPaymentProgram.
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