Ch.
16
Sect.
4
Ideas
For
Reform
Objectives:
1. Describe
the
efforts
in
the
late
1800s
to
control
immigration
and
personal
behavior.
2. Explain
how
different
movements
helped
the
needy.
Main
Idea:
A
variety
of
groups
worked
to
improve
social,
economic,
and
political
conditions
in
the
cities.
Nativism
  The
growth
of
urban
areas
in
the
late
1800s
led
to
the
creation
of
many
groups
that
supported
a
certain
goal
or
issue
of
city
life.
  Nativism
was
a
policy
of
supporting
native‐born
Americans
over
immigrants.
  This
group
pushed
hard
for
new
immigration
policies,
usually
wanting
to
reduce
the
number
of
immigrants
allowed
into
the
U.S.
each
year
  Pressured
Congress
to
pass
the
Chinese
Exclusion
Act
in
1882.
Prohibition
  Prohibition
or
the
temperance
movement
wanted
to
ban
the
manufacture
and
sale
of
alcoholic
beverages.
  They
thought
drinking
created
personal
tragedies.
  Felt
saloons
undermined
public
morals.
  They
disliked
the
relationship
between
saloons,
immigrants,
and
political
bosses.
  The
18th
Amendment
will
enforce
prohibition
in
1919.
Purity
Crusaders
 Purity
crusaders
tried
to
control
personal
behavior
and
outlaw
vices.
 A
Vice
is
immoral
or
corrupt
behavior.
 
Purity
crusaders
attacked
gambling,
prostitution,
and
government
corruption.
 These
vices
grew
as
cities
grew.
Helping
The
Needy
  The
social
reform
movement
was
created
due
to
the
increased
poverty
in
cities.
  Usually
led
by
churches,
people
began
trying
to
improve
the
lives
of
the
poor
living
in
cities.
  The
social
gospel
movement
wanted
to
apply
the
teaching
of
Jesus
to
everyday
life
(sought
labor
reform).
  Many
religious
groups
wanted
to
improve
the
living
conditions
of
the
poor.
Hull
House,
Chicago
Jane
Adams
&
Hull
House
  In
1889,
Jane
Addams
co‐founded
Hull
House,
the
Tirst
settlement
house
or
social
service
center
in
American
history.
  Hull
House
began
aiding
the
immigrants
living
in
its
Chicago
neighborhood.
  They
taught
the
immigrants
how
to
read
and
write
English.
Built
playgrounds
and
child‐care
centers.
Set
up
health
care
clinics,
craft
shows,
classes,
and
employment
bureaus.
  By
1910
there
were
more
than
400
settlement
houses
run
by
donations
and
volunteers
all
across
America.
These
settlement
houses
helped
inTluence
America’s
social
welfare
system
(progressivism).
Jane
Addams
Reads
To
Immigrants