2014
© 2015 American Board of Perianesthesia Nursing Certification, Inc.
Definition of a Concept Map
 Formal attempt to organize or represent knowledge
 Type of graphic organizer used to help organize and
represent knowledge of a subject.
 Concept maps begin with a main idea (or concept) and
then branch out to show how that main idea can be
broken down into specific topics.
How to Build a Concept Map
 Concept maps are typically hierarchical, with the
subordinate concepts stemming from the main
concept or idea. This type of graphic organizer
however, always allows change and new concepts to be
added.
Benefits of Concept Mapping
 Helping to brainstorm and generate new ideas
 Encouragement to discover new concepts and the
propositions that connect them
 Allows to clearly communicate ideas, thoughts and
information
 Helps integrate new concepts with older concepts
 Enables enhanced knowledge of any topic and to
evaluate the information
A Concept Map for Anesthesia
Physiological , Cognitive, and Behavioral Needs
Phases of Anesthesia
Techniques
General
Regional
Moderate Sedation
MAC
TIVA
Reversal Agents
Concepts for Physiological Needs
Respiratory System Cardiovascular
System
Hematological
Renal System
Systems
Genitourological
Reproductive
System
System
Endocrine System Fluid and
electrolytes
Physiological
Therapeutic
comfort
Environment
Peripheral Vascular
Integumentary
System
Musculoskeletal
System
Maintenance of
Normothermia
Physiological Knowledge Needed
Nursing Process
Evidence based
practice
Anatomy / physiology
of body system
Growth and
development
Pathophysiology
Normal / abnormal
diagnostic values
Acceptable deviations
from normal
physiologic state
Co-morbidities/
potential
complications
Physical assessment
techniques
Vital
signs/hemodynamic
monitoring
Fluid/electrolyte
management
Concept Map for Physiological needs
Concepts for Behavioral / Cognitive
Patient family
education
Evaluation of
understanding
Recognize and respect
diversity
Privacy / confidentiality
Psychosocial assistance
Ability to learn, barriers,
readiness
Admission
Preparation for procedure
Pain control measures
Discharge care
Medication reconciliation
Impact of existing
medical conditions
Measures to assist healing
process
Measures to prevent
complications
Behavioral/Cognitive Knowledge
Needed
Discharge planning / Criteria
Teaching and learning
Impact of psychosocial issues
EBP
Growth & development
Compliance
Privacy/patient confidentiality
Co morbidities/ potential
complications
Comfort
Conflict resolution/ mediation
Pain assessment & management
Discharge
Regulatory, legal, ethical
guidelines
PONV/PDNV
Healing
Diversity
Pharmacology
Anesthesia
Communication and
techniques
Surgical procedure interventions
Psychosocial / cognitive
assessment
Abnormal psychological /
psychiatric states
Environmental influences
Special needs
Multidisciplinary collaboration
Alternative / adjunctive
treatments
Language barrier, sensory
limitations, etc
Concepts for Safety Needs
Deliver, document and
communicate care based on
national standards
Develop and implement
effective multidisciplinary
care
Protect from harm and take
preventative measures
ASPAN standards
Competent responsible caregiver
Use of protective safety devices
Applicable laws
Safe transport to home
Immobility / positioning
Guidelines and regulations
Verbal / written discharge
instructions
Infection control
Prepare for safe home
environment
Awareness of procedural
limitations
Patient access to:
Post discharge assessment
Ability to understand and comply
Referrals, pastoral care,
nutritional education
Follow up MD visit, follow up
phone call, etc
Resources for care in the home
Physical / occupational therapy
Knowledge needed Safety Needs
Nursing Process
EBP
Growth &
development
Co morbidities
Normal / abnormal
response to procedure
Positioning
Anesthesia
ASPAN Standards
Environmental
influences
Discharge planning
and criteria
Injury prevention
Infection control
Diversity
Quality and risk management principles /
guidelines