Answer Key
Chapter 1
1. Leif Ericson
2. to rescue the Holy Land from the
Muslims.
3. During his travels in Asia Marco Polo
saw the wealth and culture there.
Many copies were made of the book he
wrote about his travels, which caused
increased interest in the Far East.
4. the compass and the astrolabe
5. The capture of Constantinople made
it more difficult and expensive to
transport goods over land. Hence
it became important to look for an
all-water route which would solve
the problems of transportation and
reduce the cost of delivering the goods.
The search for water routes led to the
discovery of America.
6. because he was so enthusiastic about
exploration and navigation
7. Portugal.
8. geography, astronomy, and travel
9. Amerigo Vespucci was an Italian who
made voyages across the Atlantic to the
new world. He wrote a letter about
the lands he had seen and expressed
his belief that this was a new world.
A German mapmaker called this new
land “America” in honor of the man he
thought discovered it.
10.October 12, 1942. Columbus called the
land San Salvador.
Chapter 2
1. the land to its south was, as Vespucci
had claimed, a separate continent.
2. one of his five ships, the Victoria, was
the first to sail around the world.
3. Hernan Cortes
4. the names of their “gods” and the
scale on which they practiced human
sacrifice
5. Francisco Pizzaro
6. In 1551, the University of San Marcos
was founded in Lima, Peru. Two years
later, the University of Mexico City was
founded.
7. Giovanni Verrazano
8. Samuel de Champlain
9. In 1608 the first permanent French
settlement was established at Quebec.
10.John Cabot and his son Sebastian
11.Religious troubles
12.Henry Hudson
Chapter 3
1. 1607 in Jamestown
2. Captain John Smith made a rule:
“He that will not work shall not eat,”
and saw to it that the rule was kept.
Through his leadership, the colonists
went to work.
3. Slavery started in Virginia in 1619 when
the Dutch ship the White Lion arrived
there carrying twenty African slaves.
The English needed workers and the
Dutch needed supplies, so the Africans
were traded to the English tobacco
growers, who used them to work on
their plantations.
4. The House of Burgesses was the name
of the first self-governing legislature in
Virginia.
5. George Calvert, the first Lord
Baltimore.
6. St. Mary’s
7. a law stating that all Christians should
enjoy religious freedom.
8. the populations came from different
places and the occupations also differed.
9. as a buffer against the Spanish
Catholics in Florida, and as a refuge for
inmates of the English debtor prisons.
Chapter 4
1. Because of religious persecution, some
English went to Holland, but when
they saw their children acquiring Dutch
customs, they became alarmed, since
they wanted them to remain English.
They came to America to preserve their
English customs and to enjoy religious
freedom.
2. The Pilgrims landed at Plymouth in
Massachusetts.
3. The Mayflower Compact was the
Pilgrims’ plan of government, in which
the Pilgrims pledged themselves to
enact and obey “just and equal laws”
for the general good of the colony. Their
government was to depend upon the
will of the people.
4. Rhode Island and Connecticut.
5. Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson
6. Thomas Hooker
7. protection against the Indians and
against the threat of the French and the
Dutch
8. in 1664 when it passed from Dutch to
English control
9. Kateri Tekakwitha
10.William Penn. The Society of Friends,
or Quakers.
11.The Dutch made the first settlement
in Delaware; however, after it was
destroyed by Indians, the Swedes
created the first permanent settlement.