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Religion and Spirituality at the Spirituality oriented mystics and
psychologists
Dr T Koshhal1, A Kolahdouzan2, Dr Gh Sharifi3
Abstract
Scientific progress and its growing quickly along with the dynamic and complex nature of
modern society makes humans human clearly "requires faith and spirituality" in their lives they
feel. Modern psychologists to modify the behaviors of others in addition to the physical, mental
and social well called "spirituality" and that the correct understanding of behavior modification
should be considered. Triangle "of cognition, emotion and behavior" is knowing the vertex. () In
this paper has knowledge in the field of religion and spirituality, "Psychology-oriented
spirituality" and "mysticism" and the interaction of religion and spirituality to grow the
knowledge be considered. It is believed to be more enriched as much as knowing the correct
behavior would be desirable and sustainable. Both internal communication (intentional and
unintentional) of the world, but emphasizing consciously esoteric mysticism associated with a
host of internal and emotions are raised.
Keywords: Religion, Spirituality, Religious Experiences, Mystical Experiences, Knowledge
And Behavior.
Introduction
Today, the spiritual and religious beliefs in explaining life style is important for a society. So
Dos and Taboos can be said to acquire religious knowledge and observance of moral behavior
can be modified to create a special place for growth and excellence in the areas of society. In
other words, the feeling between religion and spirituality, has an identity and a purpose to life.
1- Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, University of Isfahan
2-Student
of
Persian
Language
and
Literature,
University
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Isfahan
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Isfahan
(corresponding
author),
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Psychologists and psychiatrists have also been found using traditional methods is not enough to
treat mental disorders. (2 )
One of the stressors and stress, feelings of meaningless events. If an unfortunate incident life
erodes and the assessment will be tolerated. If people believe things to be meaningful, however,
is difficult and hard to tolerate them because they have meaning. (3) With this attitude, endure
hardship and ease of a friend of poison, and the waves sweet nectar tragedies and disasters raged
for some saint, is the spiritual ascension.
Failure to find meaning in the most stressful factors, is today one of the ways to treat mental
illness. (4)
What is the definition of spirituality oriented psychologist David Fontana, and the other is the
recognition of the primacy of spirituality and its effect on human behavior. We recognize the
importance of spirituality and religion can be said to have a high value. Triangle "of cognition,
emotion and behavior" is knowing the vertex. No understanding of religion and spirituality, or
life is more meaningful than our intelligence as a more rational, balanced, objective, and
consequently our behavior and actions are correct. (6) In this paper is to look at religion and
spirituality of mystics and psychologists are well studied and explained. Expressed in common
and their differences to achieve a common language and a clear interpretation.
Psychologists say spiritually oriented religion
1- Is the Latin word religion means that religion has been translated to mean requirement and
shackle.
2 - In the Oxford dictionary, religion is an "acknowledgment of the power of human to human
observers, especially in God or gods, or a person who is worthy of worship and obedience." (7)
3 - Faith in God is a belief system or religious ritual or ceremony with superhuman force that
tends to accompany such a force is to be applied. (8)
4 - Religion communication between human and superhuman force has a belief that it knows
itself to be relied upon. The theme of religion is freedom from the forces of intimate
conversation with God would prevent. (9)
5 - Religion is the belief in a certain manner.
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Failure to find meaning in the most stressful factors, is today one of the ways to treat mental
illness. (11)
Dean of the Mystics
The sources of Islamic mysticism in this definition of religion with "belief in and adherence to
the principles of revelation and the requirement to act" is mentioned. If this definition of religion
must be clearly expressed.
A - in the words of the Elders, "but you and presentable licking and charity action" is defined in
the confession of faith with sincerity of heart that action may be treated . (12)
B - Religion punishment, reward, Armageddon, the truth, and acknowledging the subordination
of the heart and the organs and adhere to the principles of the Koran is interpreted. (13)
C - "Religion is a series of practical and scientific education that is rooted in the beliefs and faith
of the heart. (14)
Observer is indicative of religious statements and govern essay should be guided on the path to
human perfection. If true, and the fact that teaching is considered to be the right action to beliefs
and practices that involve the heart and special organs. (15)
Spirituality in spiritual psychology-oriented expression: word spirit (soul) to mean either a
physical or mental energy and spirit of the Oxford Dictionary it is described or human life that
inspire the belief in God in the first person, is relevant. Inspiration words to "see sharp creative
ideas" refers to the same word is inspiration. Some simply the eternal spirit of man knows his
immaterial. closer to God by his providence would do. (17)
The
difference
between
religion
and
spirituality
psychologists
Distinction between religion and spirituality in some aspects can be investigated according to
Nielsen. A.) Spirituality is simply the belief in supernatural realities. B) make a distinction
between mundane reality and the reality of the divine. C) The effort to achieve higher levels of
spiritual consciousness. D) spirituality is the belief in the afterlife. And) to increase internal
consistency. (18) In other words, spirituality is a way of introspection and self-evaluation
traditions such as illumination, salvation, methods of meditation, contemplation and prayer pays.
(19) People like and his colleagues, Elster Hardy, Elman and colleagues in the sense that they are
more spiritual aspects are considered immaterial.
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Divine mystics, psychologists say
According to the definitions of spiritual-oriented psychologists and mystics is characterized by a
sense of connection with the Divine is immaterial. This was an internal matter of feeling and
association and recognition based on the size of your spiritual nature.
A sense of personal spirituality, whatever its size and proximity of introversive knowing that he
is immaterial. Would be immaterial reality, sacred, and their knowledge is belief in the afterlife.
Spirituality in spiritual psychology and mysticism oriented difference: the difference between
spirituality from the psychologist mentioned earlier, is characterized by consciously
communicating divinity in Islamic culture, and the inner self with God. Unlike the spiritually
oriented psychologists who believe that spirituality can communicate conscious and
unconscious, intentional or unintentional, but the fact is immaterial spirituality and mysticism,
with slightly different interpretations of reflection and contemplation on the meaning of
spirituality is a spirituality, a subject that can grow and boost is mysticism. And the growth of
spirituality in human subjects as mysticism. Spirituality is the true gauge of spirituality in human
existence.
The other point that spirituality is an inner heart and mysticism in its theoretical and doctrinal
matter is.
It features a religion of spirituality oriented psychologists
Nielsen and others to distinguish religious from secular psychologists have identified twelve
characteristics. Eight common in religious affairs, such as the belief in the supernatural reality
beyond material existence and experience, emphasis on worship and ritual worship team, and a
system of moral principles and the belief that appeasing spirits a. Efforts to reach levels beyond
the physical experience, the use of sacred texts, prayers, melodies, stating requirements for the
influence of Divine Providence (whether or Providence Providence extrovertive introvertive), the
world as a man willing to change opinion and belief some form of life after death is the most
important feature of religion. (21)
He says the issue of Sufism, mysticism, prayer was seen in religious life I studied the role of the
ultimate grace that we are unconscious of the plays. "Top of the fact that we experience We
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engage religious person out there about what we are going to follow through with our
unconscious mind. "(22)
All comments must be recognized experts in the psychology of religion within human
introversive balance point and there introversive This is the extroversive. The more awareness
there is more grip and surrounded on the exterior or extroversive introversive better is possible.
There is therefore important introversive. Nielsen human effort to achieve levels of experience
beyond the normal requirements for the use of the divine providence, or introversive
extroversive, as effective. It is internal or external requirements that would affect extroversive.
James introversive of human personality or ego unconsciously learned that the works of genius
are extroversive. Grace knows the end from the unconscious mind that is associated with one
out.
Allport also exist between the inner and outer speech and expression that both social and
personal issues
Conclusion
- The triangle "cognition, emotion and behavior" is knowing the vertex. However our
understanding of religion and spirituality has increased life, meaningful life is our vision of a
rational, balanced and sublime be followed by our behavior and actions are correct.
- Psychologists in the definition of religion, belief in superhuman strength and its impact on
human behavior have identified the most important features of religion. The Gnostics also
believed to be very sacred and divine faith and practice required are substantial. In both groups
of superhuman power and influence practice and behavior are discussed. But sources say there is
more emphasis on religious teachings and Islamic Sufi order of superhuman strength that God
has given to man through the revelation of the divine commands.
- The role of religion in the spiritual teachings of the mystics is dynamic and purposeful. But
psychologists say the color is a specific manifestation of religion.
- Religion is the worldly life and the hereafter and of those can impact internal and external
(introversive and extroversive) is. Hereafter, but something spiritual and inner growth and
development (introversive) humans. Matters such as illumination, meditation, contemplation and
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prayer is more spiritual aspects of both internal (spiritual oriented psychologists and mystics)
believe the difference in quality, they do have to travel far.
- Immaterial aspects of spirituality expressed in purely psychological terms, but the spiritual
interpretation of Islamic mystics and mystical sources, something sacred and divine. Both groups
acknowledge an inner connection. Traditionally associated with the inner consciousness
introversive with enthusiasm, but also a subconscious association of psychologists are considered
part of a spiritual connection.
- The mystics, psychologists, spiritual and inward oriented interconnectivity can be intentional or
unintentional, which traditionally had authority to interpret it. But the influence of religious and
mystical sources of trust in connection with a source of inspiration to create more. Furthermore,
the relationship between the inner and esoteric mysticism and Islamic Sufism resources,
consciously and with a host of exciting emotions with God comes.
- All experts (psychologists and mystics) to a relationship (there introversive) noted that in
humans is associated with extroversive. Whatever human beings have more knowledge and
mastery of his introversive surrounded (identification) is also on the outside.
- The spiritual experience of psychologists with a quick orientation fact that sacred feelings of
unity with the source of life, with a power source separate from the world and negating any
plurality. The religious nature of oneself, the inability to explain these phenomena, emotions
change during the occurrence of change, there is a sense of time and place.
- Look at the spiritual experiences of mystics and psychologists about the features that made the
experience quite matches pluralism, the specific degradation of the Kingdom of God that knows
no degradation is indivisible, and, for the kingdom of God in time and space are not allowed. The
spiritual worlds are divided into different worlds that accommodate physical constraints (time
and place), no. Psychologists have suggested that religiosity among mystics, spiritual
experiences, recognized and incorporated elements that are added will also be revealed.
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References
-Satisfaction with life, page 9
- Psychotherapy and Spirituality
- Satisfaction with life, pp. 279 and 280
- Man's Search for Meaning, p 172
- Psychology of Religion and Knowledge, pp. 37
- Satisfaction with life, page 9
- Quoted from the psychology of religion and epistemology, p 28
- The same, p 32
- The same, p 32
- Psychology and Religion, p 9
- The same, p 163
- Asraraltvhyd, Page 53
- Culture and Islamic Studies
- Almyzan Commentary, vol 2, p 483
- Dean's new look, pp. 164
- Parsons The sociological definition of religion says is a set of beliefs, practices and rituals of
religious institutions in different societies have established that human beings - S.. Aynakh the
naturalistic definition of religion says Nvahy set of commands and functions that interfere with
the free will of our talents - Maytvarnvld: religion and ethics, which is the feeling and emotion of
"excellence, has heat and light - William James's definition of psychological Such faith is
expressed, feelings, acts and experiences of people who, when alone, then that is what God
called her to be helpful. Or Herbert Spencer's definition of religion, faith, religion,
acknowledging the fact that all creatures are manifestations of forces beyond our knowledge.
(Philosophy of Religion, pp. 15 and 16)
- Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, p 37
- The same, p 38
- The same, pp. 70
- Qvnry, as Alhdys, p 93, quoted in the article of Islamic mysticism, religion and nature, Ali
Fazli
- Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, pp. 34
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- William James, 1356, p 109
- Qvnvy, Alhdys description, page 93
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