Classifying Matter
Elements, Compounds,
and Mixtures
Element
Compound
Mixture
One single
kind of atom
One type of molecule
Combination of different
compounds and/or elements
Solving Problems:
Temperature Conversions
CONVERTING BETWEEN FAHRENHEIT AND CELSIUS
9
TFahrenheit
= 5
T 32 T =
+
Celsius
Celsius
5
9
(T - 32)
Fahrenheit
212º
water boils
98.6º
normal human body
temperature
37º
68º
comfortable room
temperature
20º
32º
water freezes
FAHRENHEIT
100º
0º
CELSIUS
Phase Change
Start with ice at -20ºC
Temperature (ºC)
Add heat energy
at a constant rate
20
Ice
Ice
and water
Water
Temperature
changing
Phase
changing
Temperature
changing
10
0
-10
-20
Time
Atoms start to break apart.
Strongest
Intermolecular Forces
Gas
Liquid
Solid
Temperature
Plasma
Summary of the Phases of Matter
Can expand or contract to fill a
container. Does not hold its
volume. The molecules in a gas
break away from each other and
are much farther apart than
molecules in a liquid or a solid.
Holds its volume, but does not
hold its shape—it flows. Liquids
flow because the molecules can
move around.
Holds its shape and does not flow.
The molecules in a solid vibrate in
place, but on average, don’t move
far from their places.
Temperature vs.
Intermolecular Forces
Hotter
Weaker
Gas
Temperature
Intermolecular forces
Solid
Stronger
Cooler
Liquid