Supplement of Earth Syst. Dynam., 5, 223–242, 2014
http://www.earth-syst-dynam.net/5/223/2014/
doi:10.5194/esd-5-223-2014-supplement
© Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
Supplement of
Inter-hemispheric asymmetry in the sea-ice response to volcanic forcing
simulated by MPI-ESM (COSMOS-Mill)
D. Zanchettin et al.
Correspondence to: D. Zanchettin ([email protected])
SUPPLEMENT
Figure S1 – Monthly-mean sea-ice cover climatology from the unperturbed MPI-ESM-COSMOS-Mill
simulation (control run). Shading: mean; Red contour line: 0.15 level.
Figure S2 – Monthly-mean sea-ice cover standard deviation from the unperturbed MPI-ESMCOSMOS-Mill simulation (control run).
a) air temperature, djf, 1−2
1
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
10
2
10
3
10
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
10
80
c) air temperature, jja, 1−2
1
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) air temperature, jja, 4−6
1
10
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
2
10
3
−80
10
2
10
3
10
b) air temperature, djf, 4−6
1
10
2
10
3
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−20
−16
40
−12
60
−8
80
−4
10
0
4
anomaly (K)
−80
8
−60
12
−40
16
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
20
Figure S3 – Ensemble-mean simulated anomalies of zonal-mean air temperature for integration years
1-2 (panels a,c) and 4-6 (panels b,d) of the SUPER1 ensemble, for the boreal (top) and austral (bottom)
winters. Only changes statistically significant at 95% confidence are shown. Line contours are the
climatology from the control run; contours are drawn at 5 K intervals, the thick line is 273.15 K.
a) zonal velocity, djf, 1−2
1
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
10
2
10
3
10
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
10
80
c) zonal velocity, jja, 1−2
1
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) zonal velocity, jja, 4−6
1
10
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
2
10
3
−80
10
2
10
3
10
b) zonal velocity, djf, 4−6
1
10
2
10
3
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−20
−16
40
−12
60
−8
80
−4
10
0
4
anomaly (m/s)
−80
8
−60
12
−40
16
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
20
Figure S4 – Ensemble-mean simulated anomalies of zonal-mean zonal wind velocity for integration
years 1-2 (panels a,c) and 4-6 (panels b,d) of the SUPER1 ensemble, for the boreal (top) and austral
(bottom) winters. Positive values indicate eastward motion. Only changes statistically significant at
95% confidence are shown. Line contours (thin black: positive, thick black: zero, gray: negative) are
the climatology from the control run; contours are drawn at 5 m/s intervals.
a) meridional velocity, djf, 1−2
1
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
10
2
10
3
10
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
10
80
c) meridional velocity, jja, 1−2
1
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) meridional velocity, jja, 4−6
1
10
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
2
10
3
−80
10
2
10
3
10
b) meridional velocity, djf, 4−6
1
10
2
10
3
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−1.5
−1.1
40
−0.7
60
80
−0.3
0.1
anomaly (m/s)
10
−80
0.5
−60
0.9
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
1.3
Figure S5 – Ensemble-mean simulated anomalies of zonal-mean meridional wind velocity for
integration years 1-2 (panels a,c) and 4-6 (panels b,d) of the SUPER1 ensemble, for the boreal (top)
and austral (bottom) winters. Positive values indicate northward motion. Only changes statistically
significant at 95% confidence are shown. Line contours (thin black: positive, thick black: zero, gray:
negative) are the climatology from the control run; contours are drawn at 0.25 m/s intervals.
a) vertical velocity, djf, 1−2
1
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
10
2
10
3
10
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
10
80
c) vertical velocity, jja, 1−2
1
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) vertical velocity, jja, 4−6
1
10
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
2
10
3
−80
10
2
10
3
10
b) vertical velocity, djf, 4−6
1
10
2
10
3
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−0.01
40
−0.006
60
80
10
−0.002
0.002
anomaly (Pa/s)
−80
−60
0.006
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
0.01
Figure S6 – Ensemble-mean simulated anomalies of zonal-mean vertical air velocity for integration
years 1-2 (panels a,c) and 4-6 (panels b,d) of the SUPER1 ensemble, for the boreal (top) and austral
(bottom) winters. Positive values indicate downward motion. Only changes statistically significant at
95% confidence are shown. Line contours (thin black: downward/positive, thick black: zero, gray:
upward/negative) are the climatology from the control run; contours are drawn at 10-2 Pa/s intervals.
a) relative humidity, djf, 1−2
1
geopotential height (hPa)
0.2
0.5
−80
−60
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.3
−40
0.6
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
0.8
40
60
0.3
.4
00.5
0.8
0.6
3
80
−80
−60
−40
0.7
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
0.8
40
60
80
d) relative humidity, jja, 4−6
1
10
0.80.7
0.1
0.2
0.0.3
4
0.5
0.0.
56
0.4
0.3
0.7
0.7
0.8
3
−80
0.9
−60
−40
5
0.60.
−20
0
20
40
lat (degrees North)
0.1
0.2
0.5 0.3
0.4
2
10
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.3
7
0.1
0.2
0.
0.0.
5 43
0.6
2
geopotential height (hPa)
10
0.7
geopotential height (hPa)
0.1
0.20.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.7
0.6
10
10
10
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.5
c) relative humidity, jja, 1−2
1
2
10
0.7
0.5
0.8
3
0.3
0.4
7
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.
0.6
0.7
0.8
2
10
0.
geopotential height (hPa)
10
0.1
10
b) relative humidity, djf, 4−6
1
10
0.8
60
3
80
10
−80
−0.5 −0.42 −0.34 −0.26 −0.18 −0.1 −0.02 0.06 0.14 0.22
anomaly (%)
0.8
0.9
−60
−40
0.3
0.7
0.50.6
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
0.8
60
80
0.38 0.46
Figure S7 – Ensemble-mean simulated anomalies of zonal-mean atmospheric relative humidity for
integration years 1-2 (panels a,c) and 4-6 (panels b,d) of the SUPER1 ensemble, for the boreal (top)
and austral (bottom) winters. Only changes statistically significant at 95% confidence are shown. Line
contours are the climatology from the control run.
b) air temperature, djf, 4−6
200
300
300
400
400
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
a) air temperature, djf, 1−2
200
500
600
700
800
900
1000
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
1000
80
−80
−60
200
300
300
400
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) air temperature, jja, 4−6
200
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
c) air temperature, jja, 1−2
−40
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−20
−16
40
−12
60
−8
80
−4
1000
0
4
anomaly (K)
−80
8
−60
12
Figure S8 – Same as Figure S3, but for the tropospheric levels only.
−40
16
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
20
40
b) zonal velocity, djf, 4−6
200
300
300
400
400
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
a) zonal velocity, djf, 1−2
200
500
600
700
800
900
1000
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
1000
80
−80
−60
200
300
300
400
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) zonal velocity, jja, 4−6
200
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
c) zonal velocity, jja, 1−2
−40
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−20
−16
40
−12
60
−8
80
1000
−4
0
4
anomaly (m/s)
−80
8
−60
12
Figure S9 – Same as Figure S4, but for the tropospheric levels only.
−40
16
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
20
40
b) meridional velocity, djf, 4−6
200
300
300
400
400
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
a) meridional velocity, djf, 1−2
200
500
600
700
800
900
1000
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
1000
80
−80
−60
200
300
300
400
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) meridional velocity, jja, 4−6
200
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
c) meridional velocity, jja, 1−2
−40
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−1.5
−1.1
40
−0.7
60
80
1000
−0.3
0.1
anomaly (m/s)
−80
0.5
−60
0.9
Figure S10 – Same as Figure S5, but for the tropospheric levels only.
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
1.3
40
b) vertical velocity, djf, 4−6
200
300
300
400
400
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
a) vertical velocity, djf, 1−2
200
500
600
700
800
900
1000
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
1000
80
−80
−60
200
300
300
400
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
40
60
80
60
80
d) vertical velocity, jja, 4−6
200
geopotential height (hPa)
geopotential height (hPa)
c) vertical velocity, jja, 1−2
−40
500
600
700
800
900
−80
−60
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
−0.01
40
−0.006
60
80
1000
−0.002
0.002
anomaly (Pa/s)
−80
−60
0.006
Figure S11 – Same as Figure S6, but for the tropospheric levels only.
−40
−20
0
20
lat (degrees North)
0.01
40