Design & Technology: Test
1
Grade 5
Simple Machines
Question 1:
1.
Multiple Choice — Circle the correct answer:
An example of a compound machine is;
a) a wheel
2.
b) a pulley
b) axes
b) a Class 2 wedge
b) a fulcrum
b) a gear
d) computers
c) a Class 3 wedge
d) a Class 2 lever
c) a rod
d) a pivot
c) a lid
d) a wedge
b) a bending force
c) a tensile force
d) a lifting force
c) a lever
d) a wedge
A bread knife is an example of;
b) an incline plane
If the load is in the middle between the effort and the support, it is a;
a) Class 2 lever
Question 2:
1.
c) hand-drills
The force that is applied to a pulley system, is a;
a) a simple machine
10.
d) a lever
An incline plane wrapped around a cylinder is called;
a) compressive force
9.
c) a wedge
The support on which a lever rests or around which a lever pivots, is called;
a) a screw
8.
d) move objects
A wheelbarrow is an example of;
a) an axle
7.
c) hold things together
In which one of the following complex machines can gears be found?
a) a Class 1 lever
6.
b) lift heavy objects
b) an incline plane
a) bulbs
5.
d) a ramp
A staircase is an example of;
a) a pulley
4.
c) a wheelbarrow
One of the functions of a wedge is to;
a) cut through things
3.
(10)
b) Class 1 lever
c) strong lever
d) Class 3 lever
Read the questions below carefully and answer in full sentences.
Discuss the importance of machines in our daily lives, making reference to the functions of
machines. Give at least 4 examples of how machines make our lives easier.
(4)
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Design & Technology: Test
2
Grade 5
Simple Machines
2.
Compare and assess the differences between simple and compound machines, using a
wheelbarrow as an example.
(4)
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3.
Explain the function and design of a lever as a simple machine.
(3)
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4.
Why is a wheel and axle effective in moving objects across a surface?
(3)
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5.
What is the definition of a screw?
(2)
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Question 3:
Machine
Referring to the three pictures, specify the Class of lever used in each
machine and draw a diagram to show the Effort, Load and Fulcrum.
(9)
Class of Lever
Diagram
Design & Technology: Test
3
Grade 5
Simple Machines
Question 4:
1.
Application
Builders have to move these roofing tiles from the
ground floor to the 12th floor of the building.
a)
List at least two simple machines that can be used to
complete this task.
(2)
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
b)
Discuss in detail how each of the simple machines that you have chosen will be used to
move the tiles to the 12th floor of the building.
(2)
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
c)
Which one of your choices in 1(a) is best suited for the job? Give reasons for your answer.
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____________________________________________________________________ (3)
2. For each of the following jobs, suggest the best suited simple machine and give a reason for
your answer:
Job
Closing a glass jar
Stopping a door
from closing
Loading luggage
on an aeroplane
Opening a tin of
tomatoes
Closing and
opening window
blinds
(10)
Simple Machine
Reason
Design & Technology: Test
4
Grade 5
Simple Machines
Question 4:
Application
3. Look at each of the following complex machines and identify at least two simple machines that
the complex machine is made of:
(8)
a)
Simple machine 1:
Simple machine 2:
b)
Simple machine 1:
Simple machine 2:
c)
Simple machine 1:
Simple machine 2:
d)
Simple machine 1:
Simple machine 2:
Total:
/60
Design & Technology: Test
5
Grade 5
Simple Machines—Memo
Question 1:
1.
Multiple Choice — Circle the correct answer:
An example of a compound machine is;
a) a wheel
2.
b) a pulley
b) an incline plane
b) axes
b) a Class 2 wedge
b) a fulcrum
b) a gear
d) computers
c) a Class 3 wedge
d) a Class 2 lever
c) a rod
d) a pivot
c) a lid
d) a wedge
b) a bending force
c) a tensile force
d) a lifting force
c) a lever
d) a wedge
A bread knife is an example of;
a) a simple machine
10.
c) hand-drills
The force that is applied to a pulley system, is a;
a) compressive force
9.
d) a lever
An incline plane wrapped around a cylinder is called;
a) a screw
8.
c) a wedge
The support on which a lever rests or around which a lever pivots, is called;
a) an axle
7.
d) move objects
A wheelbarrow is an example of;
a) a Class 1 lever
6.
c) hold things together
In which one of the following complex machines can gears be found?
a) bulbs
5.
b) lift heavy objects
A staircase is an example of;
a) a pulley
4.
d) a ramp
One of the functions of a wedge is to;
a) cut through things
3.
c) a wheelbarrow
b) an incline plane
If the load is in the middle between the effort and the support, it is a;
a) Class 2 lever
Question 2:
b) Class 1 lever
c) strong lever
d) Class 3 lever
Read the questions below carefully and answer in full sentences.
1.
Discuss the importance of machines in our daily lives, making reference to the functions of
machines. Give at least 4 examples of how machines make our lives easier.
(4)
Machines are tools that are designed to make the work of humans easier. Machines can help us
to lift, pull, push, turn, cut and join and are therefore used daily in many different ways to make
our lives easier, e.g. drills to make holes, windmills to pump water, wheel-barrows to carry a
load, axes to split wood, knifes to cut bread, screws to join parts together, ramps to load heavy
objects, pulleys to lift heavy weights, etc.
NOTE: Examples can be varied—make sure that learners make reference to the function and do
not only list examples.
Design & Technology: Test
6
Grade 5
Simple Machines—Memo
2.
Compare and access the differences between simple and compound machines, using a
wheelbarrow as an example.
(4)
A simple machine is made up of one part only, whereas a compound or complex machine is made
of many different parts. If a complex machine is taken apart, it usually consist of two or more
simple machines. A wheel-barrow is an example of a complex machine, it consist of two simple
machines, a wheel and axle system that moves the machine and a lever that allows us to push it
without too much effort.
3.
Explain the function and design of a lever as a simple machine.
(3)
A lever is a simple machine that is made up of a stiff bar that rests on a support or a fulcrum or
that pivots around this fulcrum. A lever has many functions, e.g. it can be used to lift heavy
objects, cut through things, open objects, etc. In all these cases a lever can only function when
effort is applied to the lever.
4.
Why is a wheel and axle effective in moving objects across a surface?
(3)
A wheel and axle consist of a rod or an axle that is stiff and does not rotate. Wheels are attached
to the end of the axle and the wheels move around the axle. This action then allows the wheels
to move forward. If an object, e.g. a box is put flat on the floor and pushed, friction between the
box and the floor will cause the box to move slower, but if the box is put on a wheel and axle,
less friction is caused as the surface touching the floor is smaller, the box will then move faster.
5.
What is the definition of a screw?
(2)
A screw is an incline plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Question 3:
Machine
Referring to the three pictures, specify the Class of lever used in each
machine and draw a diagram to show the Effort, Load and Fulcrum.
(9)
Class of Lever
Class 3 lever
Diagram
More examples:
fishing rod, tweezers,
Effort
Load
(fulcrum at end,
effort middle, load tongs
other end)
Fulcrum
Class 1 lever
More examples:
(fulcrum in middle, see-saw, hammer,
effort one side,
load other side)
Effort
Load
pliers
Fulcrum
More examples:
Class 2 lever
(fulcrum and load
to one, effort on
other side)
stapler, bottle opener,
Effort
Load
wheelbarrow, nut
cracker
Fulcrum
Design & Technology: Test
7
Grade 5
Simple Machines
Question 4:
Application
1.
Builders have to move these roofing tiles to the twelve floor of the building.
a)
List at least two simple machines that can be used to complete this task.
(2)
Incline plane (ramps from floor to floor) and pulley are the most likely choices—learners might suggest a
cart (wheel and axle) but an incline plane will then still be needed to move it between floors.
b)
Discuss in detail how each of the simple machines that you have chosen will be used to
move the tiles to the 12th floor of the building.
(2)
When using an incline plane, the tiles will have to be moved on a cart of some sort. The inclined plane will
make it possible to move between floors as an incline plane connects lower and higher levels. When using
a pulley system, the tiles will be tied together or put in a box. A wheel and rope system will be mounted at
the top of the 12th floor. The box will be tied to the rope on one end and the other end of the rope will be
pulled to hoist or lift the box of tiles to the 12th floor.
c)
Which one of your choices in 1(a) is best suited for the job? Give reasons for your answer.
The pulley system will be best suited for the job, because it will take the least effort and will be the quickest way to get the tiles to the 12th floor. With the pulley system only one person is needed to pull the rope
and the heavy load will be lifted easily to the top floor. With the incline plane it will take a lot more effort
(3)
and will take a lot longer.
2. For each of the following jobs, suggest the best suited simple machine and give a reason for
your answer:
Job
Simple Machine
Reason
Closing glass jar
screw
The incline plane of the screw that is wrapped around the
jar neck and inside the lid will result in a secure closing of
the jar.
Stopping a door
from closing
wedge
The shape of the wedge with its incline plane ending in a
sharp edge will fit exactly under the door and the wider
incline plane
An incline plane connects the lower level of the ground to
the higher level of the aeroplane, making it easier to
move the heavy luggage on board.
Opening a tin of
tomatoes
lever
A can opener is a lever where the fulcrum or point of support allows the opener to use the effort applied by the
person to open the can.
Closing and opening window blinds
Pulley
A pulley system of ropes and wheels will allow you to pull
a string or a rope and the blinds will roll up and down.
Loading luggage
on an aeroplane
Design & Technology: Test
8
Grade 5
Simple Machines—Memo
Question 4:
Application
3. Look at each of the following complex machines and identify at least two simple machines that
the complex machine is made of:
(6)
a)
Simple machine 1: lever
Simple machine 2: gears
Simple machine 1: wheel and
axle
b)
Simple machine 2: gears
also levers (pedals)
Simple machine 1: lever
c)
Simple machine 2: screw
also gears
d)
Simple machine 1: incline plane
Simple machine 2: wheel and
axle (the cart will have other
simple machines, but these are
the most obvious simple
machines)
Total:
/60