Ch1 HW Hints – Use the hints to help formulate your homework answers .
Section 1.1 Assessment
Section Summary – write these out:
Biology is the science of ____________.
Biologists study the ____________ and ____________ of living
things, their ____________, their interactions with the
____________, and many other aspects of life.
All organisms have one or more ____________, display ____________,
____________ and develop, ____________(make offspring), respond
to ____________, use energy, maintain ____________, and have
____________that evolve over time.
You must write the answers as complete sentences that stand alone
without the questions:
1. Describe four characteristics used to identify whether something is
alive. H (hint): See third bullet above.
2. Explain why cells are considered the basic units of living things.
H: Cells exhibit all of the ____________ of life.
3. List some of the benefits of studying biology. H: Possible answers
include: understanding the origins and hist ory of ____________;
learning about the ____________ of living things, how living things
____________ with one another, and how living things ____________;
understanding the role humans have in preserving the natural
____________ and maintaining life on Earth
4. Differentiate between response and adaptation. H: A response is a
____________
to a stimulus. An adaptation is an inherited ____________ that results
from changes to a species over time in response to an ____________
factor.
5. Omit
Section 1.2
Assessment
Section Summary:
Science is the study of ____________ and is rooted in ____________
and____________.
Pseudoscience is not based on standard ____________ research; it
does not deal with ____________ questions, welcome ____________
review, or change its ideas when new ____________ are made.
Science and ____________ affect issues in health, medicine, the
environment, and technology.
1. Describe the characteristics of science. H: Science is characterized
by asking ____________ questions and using ____________ to propose
answers to those questions.
2. Define scientific theory. H: A scientific theory is an explanation
based on many ____________ and ____________ over time.
3. Defend the use of the metric system to a scientist who does not want
to use it. H: The metric system facilitates the ____________ of the
work and eases the ____________ of results worldwide.
4. Compare and contrast science with pseudoscience. H: Science is based
on ____________ from valid investigations that can be reproduced.
Pseudoscience uses scientific jargon, but it is not based on
____________ from scientific investigations.
5. Predict what might happen to a population of people who do not
understand the nature of science. Use examples of key issues facing our
society. H: Consider advanced technologies, who will answer medical and
environmental problems, and potential harm to themselves and other
organisms.
6. One kilogram equals 1000 grams. One milligram equals 0.001 grams.
How many milligrams are in one kilogram? H: If a m illigram is a
thousandth of a gram, and there are 1,000 grams, then what is the
product of 1,000 x 1,000?
Section 1.3
Assessment
Section Summary:
Observations are an orderly way of gathering____________ .
Inferences are based on prior____________ .
Controlled experiments involve a ____________ group and an
____________ group.
An independent variable is the condition being____________ , and
the dependent variable ____________ from the change to the
independent variable.
1. Describe how a biologist's research can proceed from an idea to a
published article. H: The biologist can use the idea to form
a____________ , use an ____________ to test the hypothesis,
____________ the data from the experiment, and ____________ the
analysis.
2. State why an observation cannot be an inference. H: An observation
is a ____________ method of gathering data, and an inference is an
____________ that can be made from gathered data.
3. Indicate the differences in the ways that data can be collected in
biological research. H: Data can be collected ____________ (numbers) or
____________ (descriptions).
4. Differentiate between independent variables and dependent
variables. H: The independent variable is the ____________ factor in an
experiment, while the dependent variable ____________ from or
____________ on changes to the independent variable.
5. Design a controlled experiment to determine whether earthworms are
more attracted to perfume or to vinegar. H: The perfume and vinegar are
____________ variables, and an empty container or the lack of perfume
or to vinegar is the____________. The ____________ variable is the data
measured which is whether the earthworm goes toward the perfume or to
vinegar.
6. Form a hypothesis about one of the characteristics of life you
studied in Section 1.1 and design a research project to test it. What
organism would you study? What questions would you ask? H: The
hypothesis and questions can be about any kind of organism. Make sure
the questions posed are testable. The research project may i nvolve
observation alone or a controlled experiment.
Chapter Assessment MC questions (Write out a stand alone sentence that
summarizes the MC question):
4. Which characteristic of life should be the title of this graph? (H:
organisms strive to maintain internal conditions)
A. Cellular Basis
C. Homeostasis
B. Growth
D. Reproduction
5.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which best describes adaptation? (H: its passed on in the genes)
reproducing as a species
a short-term change in behavior in response to a stimuli
inherited changes in response to environmental factors
change in size as an organism ages
11. Which SI base unit would be used to describe the physical
characteristics of dolphins (H: used to measure mass)?
A,
second
C. inches
B.
kilogram
D. gallon
12.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which is true about scientific inquiry (H: what is a hypothesis)?
It poses questions about astrology.
It can be done only by one person.
It is resistant to change and not open to criticism.
It is testable.
18. Which describes this statement, "The frog is 4 cm long"? (H:
another name for a number of things)
A.
quantitative data
C. control group
B.
inference
D. qualitative data
19. Which is a testable explanation? (H: its what you test)
A,
dependent variable
C.
hypothesis
B.
independent variable
D.
observation
19. Which is a testable explanation? (H: its what you test in a
controlled experiment)
A,
dependent variable
C.
hypothesis
B.
independent variable
D.
observation
Word Bank:
adaptations
characteristic(s)
direct
analyze
control
discoveries
assumption
critical
environment
cells
dependent
environmental
cellular
depends
ethics
evidence
results
experiences
scientific
experiment
short-term
experimental
stimuli
experimentation
Structure
experiments
structures
function
testable
grow
tested
history
homeostasis
hypothesis
independent
information
interact
interpretation
life
long-term
molecular
nature
observation(s)
organization
publish
qualitatively
quantitatively
reaction
replication
reproduce