Gastroenterology

Chapter
3
Gastroenterology
Measure Your Progress: Learning Objectives
After you study this chapter, you should be able to
•Identify the structures of the gastrointestinal system.
•Describe the process of digestion.
•Describe common gastrointestinal diseases, laboratory and diagnostic procedures,
medical and surgical procedures, and drug categories.
•Give the medical meaning of word parts and abbreviations related to the gastrointestinal system.
•Build gastrointestinal words from word parts and divide and define gastrointestinal words.
•Spell and pronounce gastrointestinal words.
•Analyze the medical content and meaning of a gastroenterology report.
•Dive deeper into gastroenterology by reviewing the activities at the end of this
chapter and online at www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com.
Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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It All Starts with Word Building
Medical language is all about medical words and their word parts. Jump right into this
chapter by learning some of the common combining forms and their definitions that
you will encounter in this chapter.
abdomin/o-
aliment/o-
an/o-
appendic/o-
append/o-
bili/o-
cec/o-
celi/o-
cheil/o-
chez/o-
cholangi/o-
chol/e-
cholecyst/o-
choledoch/o-
cirrh/o-
col/o-
colon/o-
constip/o-
degluti/o-
digest/o-
diverticul/o-
duoden/o-
enter/o-
esophag/o-
fec/a-
fec/o-
gastr/o-
abdomen
food; nourishment
anus
appendix
small structure
hanging from a
larger structure;
appendix
bile; gall
cecum
abdomen
lip
to pass feces
bile duct
bile; gall
gallbladder
common bile duct
yellow
colon
colon
compacted feces
swallowing
break down food;
digest
diverticulum
duodenum
intestine
esophagus
feces; stool
feces; stool
stomach
gloss/o-
gustat/o-
hemat/o-
hemorrhoid/o-
hepat/o-
ile/o-
intestin/o-
jejun/o-
lapar/o-
lingu/o-
lith/o-
mastic/o-
omphal/o-
orex/o-
or/o-
pancreat/o-
peps/o-
pept/o-
peritone/o-
phag/o-
pharyng/o-
polyp/o-
rect/o-
regurgitat/o-
saliv/o-
sial/o-
sigmoid/o-
stomat/o-
umbilic/o-
44 | Chapter 3
tongue
the sense of taste
blood
hemorrhoid
liver
ileum
intestine
jejunum
abdomen
tongue
stone
chewing
umbilicus; navel
appetite
mouth
pancreas
digestion
digestion
peritoneum
eating; swallowing
pharynx (throat)
polyp
rectum
flow backward
saliva
saliva; salivary
gland
sigmoid colon
mouth
umbilicus; navel
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Chapter Spelling Test
Memorize these spelling words from the chapter. Be prepared to spell them as your
instructor dictates them to you.
1.anorexia
2.ascites
3.biliary
4.cholangiography
5.choledocholithiasis
6.cirrhosis
7.dysphagia
8.emesis
9.esophagus
10.hematochezia
11.hemorrhoidectomy
12.ileum
13.ileus
14.intussusception
15.jaundice
16.melena
17.pharynx
18.sialolithiasis
19.steatorrhea
20.umbilicus
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Chapter Pronunciation Test
Review and practice the pronunciation of these words from the chapter. Your instructor may ask you to call his or her office and pronounce each word on voicemail.
1.anastomosis (ah-nas-toh-MOH-sis)
2.ascites (ah-SY-teez)
3.bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin)
4.cholecystectomy (koh-lee-sis-TEK-toh-mee)
5.cholelithiasis (koh-lee-lith-EYE-ah-sis)
6.peritoneal (pair-ih-toh-NEE-al)
7.colonoscopy (koh-lon-AW-skoh-pee)
8.diverticulosis (dy-ver-tih-kyoo-LOH-sis)
9.emesis (EM-eh-sis)
10.gastroenterologist (gas-troh-en-ter-AW-loh-jist)
11.hematochezia (hee-mah-toh-KEE-zha)
12.hemorrhoidectomy (hem-oh-royd-EK-toh-mee)
13.ileostomy (il-ee-AW-stoh-mee)
14.jaundice (JAWN-dis)
15.jejunostomy (jeh-joo-NAW-stoh-mee)
16.laparotomy (lap-ar-AW--toh-mee)
17.mesenteric (mez-en-TAIR-ik)
18.pancreatitis (pan-kree-ah-TY-tis)
19.pharynx (FAIR-ingks)
20.steatorrhea (stee-at-oh-REE-ah)
46 | Chapter 3
Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Word Search
Complete this word search puzzle that contains Chapter 3 words. Look for the following words as given in the list below. The number in parentheses indicates how many
times the word appears in the puzzle.
alimentary
anal (2)
anus
appendectomy
bile (2)
bowel
CBD
cecum
digestion
duct
emesis
esophageal
gastric
gustatory
hernia
ileum (2)
intestine
LFTs
liver
lumen
mucosa
omentum
oral (2)
pepsin
polyp
rectum
RLQ
rugae
RUQ
saliva
stoma
stool
UGI
villi
vomit
uvula
V
B
F
M
U
C
E C
I
A
N
O
D
I
G
E
S
T
I
O
N
N
E
R
U
L
L
T
M R
E C
T
U M
A
C
E
O
L
T
U
A H
E
S
U
L
T
O
K
S
I
N
E O
S
S
L
Y
L
U
A
A
A
R
R
L
T
O
A
M
I
G
G
L
N
A
O F
I
M E
O
V
C
B
I
L
E
L
A
N
A
G
T
E
O
A
V
O M
I
T
E
U
A
C
R
M
P
A
M U
C O
S
A
H
E
U
E
E
T
L
B
J
T
T
B
P
D
G
N
P
S
D
U
A R
O
M O
N
A
T
S
Q
I
T
V W M
U
S
E
E
U
I
U
O
S
E U
A
E
E
P
J
M
N
R
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L
Q P
Y
L
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P
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A
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N E
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A
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Crossword Puzzle
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Across
Down
1.Heartburn, or temporary inflamma-
1.The combining form
tion of the esophagus due to reflux of
“__________________________” refers
the stomach, has a medical name of
to eating or swallowing.
__________________________.
4.A __________________________ is a
cancerous tumor in the liver.
7.__________________________ is the
vomiting of blood.
8.Drugs used to treat heartburn by
2.The process of swallowing food is
called __________________________.
3.The cardia, fundus, body,
and pylorus are areas of the
__________________________.
5.__________________________ is a
neutralizing stomach acid are known
semisolid mixture of partially
as __________________________.
digested food, saliva, and digestive
9.A condition where the intestines
bulge through a defect in the dia-
enzymes in the stomach.
6.The digestive enzyme
phragm or abdominal wall is referred
__________________________ breaks
to as a/an __________________________.
down carbohydrates and starches
into sugars and food fibers.
48 | Chapter 3
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Underline the Accented Syllable
Read the medical word. Then review the syllables in the pronunciation. Underline the primary
(main) accented syllable in the pronunciation.
1.adenocarcinoma (ad-eh-noh-kar-sih-noh-mah)
2.anastomosis (ah-nas-toh-moh-sis)
3.bilirubin (bil-ih-roo-bin)
4.cecal (see-kal)
5.cholecystectomy (koh-lee-sis-tek-toh-mee)
6.colonic (koh-law-nik)
7.diarrhea (dy-ah-ree-ah)
8.diverticulosis (dy-ver-tih-kyoo-loh-sis)
9.dysphagia (dis-fay-jee-ah)
10.esophagogastroduodenoscopy (eh-saw-fah-goh-gas-troh-doo-oh-den-aw-skoh-pee)
11.gastroenteritis (gas-troh-en-ter-eye-tis)
12.guaiac (gwy-ak)
13.nausea (naw-see-ah)
14.omphalocele (om-fal-oh-seel)
15.steatorrhea (stee-at-oh-ree-ah)
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Word Surgery
Read the medical word. Break the medical word into its word parts and give the meaning of each word part. Then give the definition of the medical word.
1.adenocarcinoma
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
2.anorexia
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
3.antiemetic
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
4.peritonitis
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
5.cholangiography
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
50 | Chapter 3
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6.cholelithiasis
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
7.gastroesophageal
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
8.hematochezia
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
9.hemorrhoidectomy
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
10.hepatosplenomegaly
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
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11.endoscopic
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
12.herniorrhaphy
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
13.sialolithiasis
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
14.postoperative
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
15.hematemesis
Suffix and its meaning: ��
Prefix and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Combining form and its meaning: ��
Medical word definition: ��
52 | Chapter 3
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Chapter Quiz
Multiple Choice
1.The teeth and tongue begin digestion in a process known as
A.chemical digestion.
B.deglutination.
C.mastication.
D.emulsification.
2.A product of the stomach that kills microorganisms, breaks down fibers, and converts pepsinogen to the digestive enzyme pepsin is
A.gastrin.
B.hydrochloric acid.
C.cholecystokinin.
D.amylase.
3.Food mixed with digestive enzymes in the stomach is known as
A.flatus.
B.gastrin.
C.lipase.
D.chyme.
4.Anorexia is
A.hiatal hernia.
B.a decrease in appetite.
C.also known as sialolithiasis.
D.regurgitation.
5.Crohn’s disease
A.affects the ileum and colon.
B.mostly affects the stomach.
C.is also known as celiac disease.
D.is treated with antibiotic drugs.
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6.The accumulation of fluid in the abdominopelvic cavity due to underlying liver disease is known as
A.spastic colon.
B.ascites.
C.hiatal hernia.
D.inflammatory bowel disease.
7.The accumulation of bilirubin in the blood is a result of
A.liver disease or gallstones.
B.an allergic reaction to gluten.
C.diverticulosis.
D.pancreatic cancer.
8.A cholangiography is used to
A.view the colon.
B.examine the jejunum.
C.outline the bile ducts.
D.test for parasites.
9.A colostomy bag is used to allow the collection of
A.feces.
B.blood.
C.urine.
D.mucus.
10.GERD is an abbreviation for:
A.a test for the presence of Helicobacter pylori.
B.a highly trained gastroenterologist.
C.a surgical procedure for inserting a feeding tube.
D.a condition where the stomach contents flow back into the esophagus.
54 | Chapter 3
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Fill in the Blank
1.NG is an abbreviation for __________________________.
2.A surgical procedure that creates a permanent opening from the abdominal wall
to the stomach is a __________________________.
3.A radiologic procedure that uses x-rays to create an image of many thin,
successive slices of the abdomen is known as __________________________.
4.The presence of one or more gallstones in the gallbladder is known as
__________________________.
5.__________________________ is a yellowish discoloration of the skin and whites of
the eyes.
6.Swollen, protruding veins in the rectum or on the perianal skin are known as
__________________________.
7.__________________________ is a common disorder in babies that includes
symptoms of crampy abdominal pain after eating.
8.Indigestion or epigastric pain that may be accompanied by gas or nausea is known
as __________________________.
9.The first 10 inches of the small intestine is known as the ______________________.
10.__________________________ is the rhythmic contraction of the gastrointestinal tract
that propels food through it.
True/False
______ 1.Ova and parasites are eggs and parasitic worms.
______ 2.The cecum is the first part of the large intestine.
______ 3.The function of the intestinal villi is to increase the surface area needed for
absorption of nutrients.
______ 4.Polyphagia is excessive overeating.
______ 5.A rectocele is a tube.
______ 6.Hematochezia is blood found in the stomach.
______ 7.An enlarged liver is known as hepatomegaly.
______ 8.The term “regurgitation” means having a stone in the gallbladder.
______ 9.Proton pump inhibitor drugs treat cancer.
______ 10.The abbreviation PEG refers to a feeding tube placed into the stomach.
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Pronunciation Checklist
Read each word and its pronunciation. Practice pronouncing each word. Verify your pronunciation by listening to the Pronunciation List on www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com.
Check the box next to the word after you master its pronunciation.
o abdominal (ab-DAW-mih-nal)
o abdominocentesis
(ab-daw-mih-noh-sen-TEE-sis)
o abdominopelvic cavity
(ab-daw-mih-noh-PEL-vik
KAV-ih-tee)
o absorption (ab-SORP-shun)
o adenocarcinoma
(ad-eh-noh-kar-sih-NOH-mah)
o adhesion (ad-HEE-zhun)
o albumin (al-BYOO-min)
o alimentary canal
(al-ih-MEN-tair-ee kah-NAL)
o alkaline phosphatase
(AL-kah-lin FAWS-fah-tays)
o amylase (AM-ih-lays)
o anal (AA-nal)
o anastomosis
(ah-nas-toh-MOH-sis)
o anorexia (an-oh-REK-see-ah)
o anorexic (an-oh-REK-sik)
o antacid drug
(ant-AS-id DRUHG)
o antibiotic drug
(an-tee-by-AW-tik DRUHG)
(an-tih-by-AW-tik)
o antidiarrheal drug
(an-tee-dy-ah-REE-al DRUHG)
o antiemetic drug
(an-tee-eh-MET-ik DRUHG)
o anus (AA-nus)
o aphthous ulcer (AF-thus UL-ser)
o appendectomy
(ap-en-DEK-toh-mee)
o appendiceal (ap-en-DIH-see-al)
o appendicitis (ah-pen-dih-SY-tis)
o appendix (ah-PEN-diks)
o ascites (ah-SY-teez)
o ascitic (ah-SIT-ik)
o barium (BAIR-ee-um)
o benign (bee-NINE)
o bile (BILE)
o biliary (BIL-ee-air-ee)
o bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin)
o biliverdin (bil-ih-VER-din)
o biopsy (BY-awp-see)
o cancerous (KAN-ser-us)
o carcinoma (kar-sih-NOH-mah)
o cardia (KAR-dee-ah)
o cecal (SEE-kal)
o cecum (SEE-kum)
o celiac disease
(SEE-lee-ak dih-ZEEZ)
o cheilitis (ky-LY-tis)
o cholangiogram
(koh-LAN-jee-oh-gram)
o cholangiography
(koh-lan-jee-AW-grah-fee)
o cholangiopancreatography
(koh-lan-jee-oh-pan-kree-ahTAW-grah-fee)
o cholangitis (koh-lan-JY-tis)
o cholecystectomy
(koh-lee-sis-TEK-toh-mee)
o cholecystitis (koh-lee-sis-TY-tis)
o cholecystogram
(koh-lee-SIS-toh-gram)
o cholecystography
(koh-lee-sis-TAW-grah-fee)
o cholecystokinin
(koh-lee-sis-toh-KY-nin)
o choledocholithiasis
(koh-led-oh-koh-lith-EYE-ah-sis)
o choledocholithotomy (koh-ledoh-koh-lith-AW-toh-mee)
o cholelithiasis
(koh-lee-lith-EYE-ah-sis)
o chyme (KIME)
o cirrhosis (sih-ROH-sis)
o colic (KAW-lik)
o colitis (koh-LY-tis)
o colon (KOH-lon)
o colonic (koh-LAW-nik)
o colonoscope
(koh-LAW-noh-skohp)
o colonoscopy
(koh-lon-AW-skoh-pee)
o colorectal (koh-loh-REK-tal)
o colostomy
(koh-LAW-stoh-mee)
o constipation
(con-stih-PAY-shun)
o Crohn’s disease (KROHNZ
dih-ZEEZ)
o culture and sensitivity
(KUL-chur and sen-sih-TIV-ih-tee)
o defecation (def-eh-KAY-shun)
o deglutition (dee-gloo-TIH-shun)
o delta hepatitis
(DEL-tah hep-ah-TY-tis)
o diarrhea (dy-ah-REE-ah)
o digestion (dy-JES-chun)
(dih-JES-chun)
o digestive system
(dy-JES-tiv SIS-tem)
o diverticula
(dy-ver-TIH-kyoo-lah)
o diverticulitis
(dy-ver-tih-kyoo-LY-tis)
o diverticulosis
(dy-ver-tih-kyoo-LOH-sis)
o diverticulum
(dy-ver-TIH-kyoo-lum)
o duct (DUKT)
o duodenal (doo-oh-DEE-nal)
(doo-AW-deh-nal)
o duodenum (doo-oh-DEE-num)
(doo-AW-deh-num)
o dysentery (DIS-en-tair-ee)
o dyspepsia (dis-PEP-see-ah)
o dysphagia (dis-FAY-jee-ah)
o elimination (ee-lim-ih-NAY-shun)
o emesis (EM-eh-sis)
o emulsification
(ee-mul-sih-fih-KAY-shun)
o endoscope (EN-doh-skohp)
o endoscopic
(en-doh-SKAW-pik)
o endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography
(en-doh-SKAW-pik
REH-troh-grayd koh-lan-jee-ohpan-kree-ah-TAW-grah-fee)
o endoscopy (en-DAW-skoh-pee)
o enema (EN-eh-mah)
o enteritis (en-ter-EYE-tis)
o enteropathy
(en-ter-AW-pah-thee)
o enzyme (EN-zime)
o esophageal (eh-saw-fah-JEE-al)
o esophagitis
(eh-saw-fah-JY-tis)
o esophagogastroduodenoscopy
(eh-saw-fah-goh-gas-trohdoo-oh-den-AW-skoh-pee)
o esophagoscopy
(eh-saw-fah-GAW-skoh-pee)
56 | Chapter 3
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o esophagus (eh-SAW-fah-gus)
o fecal (FEE-kal)
o fecalith (FEE-kah-lith)
o feces (FEE-seez)
o flatulence (FLAT-yoo-lens)
o flatus (FLAY-tus)
o fundus (FUN-dus)
o gallbladder (GAWL-blad-er)
o gastrectomy
o herniorrhaphy
(gas-TREK-toh-mee)
o gastric (GAS-trik)
o gastrin (GAS-trin)
o gastritis (gas-TRY-tis)
o gastroenteritis
(gas-troh-en-ter-EYE-tis)
o gastroenterologist
(gas-troh-en-ter-AW-loh-jist)
o gastroenterology
(gas-troh-en-ter-AW-loh-jee)
o gastroesophageal
(gas-troh-eh-saw-fah-JEE-al)
o gastrointestinal system
(gas-troh-in-TES-tih-nal SIS-tem)
o gastroplasty
(GAS-troh-plas-tee)
o gastroscopy
(gas-TRAW-skoh-pee)
o gastrostomy
(gas-TRAW-stoh-mee)
o glossitis (glaw-SY-tis)
o gluten (GLOO-ten)
o gluten enteropathy
(GLOO-ten en-ter-AW-pah-thee)
o guaiac (GWY-ak)
o gustatory cortex
(GUS-tah-tor-ee KOR-teks)
o haustra (HAW-strah)
o hematemesis
(hee-mah-TEM-eh-sis)
o hematochezia
(hee-mah-toh-KEE-zha)
o hemorrhoid (hem-oh-royd)
o hemorrhoidectomy
(hem-oh-royd-EK-toh-mee)
o hepatic (heh-PAT-ik)
o hepatitis (hep-ah-TY-tis)
o hepatocellular
(hep-ah-toh-SEL-yoo-lar)
o hepatocyte (HEP-ah-toh-site)
o hepatoma (hep-ah-TOH-mah)
o hepatomegaly
(hep-ah-toh-MEG-ah-lee)
o hepatosplenomegaly
(hep-ah-toh-splen-oh-MEG-ah-lee)
o hernia (her-nee-ah)
(her-nee-OR-ah-fee)
o hiatal hernia
(hy-AA-tal HER-nee-ah)
o hydrochloric acid
(hy-droh-KLOR-ik AS-id)
o hyperemesis gravidarum
(hy-per-EM-eh-sis
grav-ih-DAIR-um)
o ileal (IL-ee-al)
o ileostomy (il-ee-AW-stoh-mee)
o ileum (IL-ee-um)
o ileus (IL-ee-us)
o imperforate anus
(im-PER-for-ate AA-nus)
o incarcerated hernia
(in-KAR-ser-aa-ted
HER-nee-ah)
o incisional hernia
(in-SIH-zhun-al HER-nee-ah)
o incontinence (in-CON-tih-nens)
o infectious hepatitis
(in-FEK-shus hep-ah-TY-tis)
o inguinal hernia
(ING-gwih-nal HER-nee-ah)
o intestinal (in-TES-tih-nal)
o intestine (in-TES-tin)
o intravenous (in-trah-VEE-nus)
o intussusception
(in-tuh-suh-SEP-shun)
o jaundice (JAWN-dis)
o jejunal (jeh-JOO-nal)
o jejunostomy
(jeh-joo-NAW-stoh-mee)
o jejunum (jeh-JOO-num)
o lactase (LAK-tays)
o laparoscope (LAP-ar-oh-skohp)
o laparoscopic
(lap-ar-oh-SKAW-pik)
o laparotomy
(lap-ar-AW-toh-mee)
o laxative drug
(LAK-sah-tiv DRUHG)
o lipase (LIH-pays)
o liver (LIV-er)
o liver transplantation
(LIV-er trans-plan-TAY-shun)
o lumen (LOO-men)
o magnetic resonance imaging
(mag-NET-ik REH-soh-nans
IH-mah-jing)
o malrotation
(mal-roh-TAY-shun)
o mastication
(mas-tih-KAY-shun)
o meconium (meh-KOH-nee-um)
o melena (meh-LEE-nah)
o mesenteric (mez-en-TAIR-ik)
o mesentery (MEZ-en-tair-ee)
o mucosa (myoo-KOH-sah)
o nasogastric tube
(nay-zoh-GAS-trik TOOB)
o nausea (NAW-see-ah)
(NAW-zha)
o obstipation (awb-stih-PAY-shun)
o obstructive jaundice
(awb-STRUK-tiv JAWN-dis)
o occult blood (oh-KULT BLUD)
o omentum (oh-MEN-tum)
o omphalocele (OM-fal-oh-seel)
o oncologist (ong-KAW-loh-jist)
o oral cavity (OR-al KAV-ih-tee)
o ova and parasites
(OH-vah and PAIR-ah-sites)
o palate (PAL-at)
o pancreas (PAN-kree-as)
o pancreatic (pan-kree-AT-ik)
o pancreatitis (pan-kree-ah-TY-tis)
o parotid gland
(pah-RAW-tid GLAND)
o patent (PAY-tent)
o pedunculated polyp
(peh-DUNG-kyoo-lay-ted
PAW-lip)
o pepsin (PEP-sin)
o pepsinogen (pep-SIN-oh-jen)
o peptic ulcer (PEP-ik UL-ser)
o percutaneous endoscopic
gastrostomy
(per-kyoo-TAY-nee-us
en-doh-SKAW-pik
gas-TRAW-stoh-mee)
o percutaneous transhepatic
cholangiography
(per-kyoo-TAY-nee-us
trans-heh-PAT-ik
koh-lan-jee-AW-grah-fee)
o peristalsis (pair-ih-STAL-sis)
o peritoneal (pair-ih-toh-NEE-al)
o peritoneum
(pair-ih-toh-NEE-um)
o peritonitis (pair-ih-toh-NY-tis)
o pharyngeal (fah-RIN-jee-al)
o pharynx (FAIR-ingks)
o polyp (PAW-lip)
o polypectomy
(paw-lih-PEK-toh-mee)
o polyphagia
(paw-lee-FAY-jee-ah)
o polyposis (paw-lih-POH-sis)
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o postoperative
(post-AW-per-ah-tiv)
o proctitis (prawk-TY-tis)
o pyloric (py-LOR-ik)
o pyloric sphincter
(py-LOR-ik SFINGK-ter)
o pylorus (py-LOR-us)
o pyrosis (py-ROH-sis)
o rectal (REK-tal)
o rectum (REK-tum)
o rectocele (REK-toh-seel)
o reflux (REE-fluks)
o regurgitation
(ree-ger-jih-TAY-shun)
o resection (ree-SEK-shun)
o rugae (ROO-gee)
o saliva (sah-LY-vah)
o salivary gland
(SAL-ih-vair-ee GLAND)
o serum hepatitis
(SEER-um hep-ah-TY-tis)
o sessile polyp (SES-il PAW-lip)
o sialolith (sy-AL-oh-lith)
o sialolithiasis
(sy-al-oh-lith-EYE-ah-sis)
o sigmoid colon
(SIG-moyd KOH-lon)
o sigmoidoscopy
(sig-moyd-AW-skoh-pee)
o sonogram (SAW-noh-gram)
o spastic colon
(SPAS-tik KOH-lon)
o sphincter (SFINGK-ter)
o steatorrhea
(stee-at-oh-REE-ah)
o stoma (STOH-mah)
o stomatitis (stoh-mah-TY-tis)
o stool (STOOL)
o sublingual gland
(sub-LING-gwal GLAND)
o submandibular gland
(sub-man-DIH-byoo-lar GLAND)
o suppository
o surgeon (SER-jun)
o tomography
(toh-MAW-grah-fee)
o transplantation
(trans-plan-TAY-shun)
o ulcer (UL-ser)
o ulcerative (UL-ser-ah-tiv)
o ultrasound (UL-trah-sound)
o umbilical hernia
(um-BIL-ih-kal HER-nee-ah)
o uvula (YOO-vyoo-lah)
o varices (VAIR-ih-seez)
o varix (VAR-iks)
o ventral hernia
(VEN-tral HER-nee-ah)
o villi (VIL-eye)
o viral hepatitis
(VY-ral hep-ah-TY-tis)
o volvulus (VAWL-vyoo-lus)
o vomitus (VAW-mih-tus)
(soo-paw-zih-TOR-ee)
58 | Chapter 3
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Answer Key
Word Search
V
B
F
M
U
C
E C
I
A
N
O
D
I
G
E
S
T
I
O
N
N
E
R
U
L
L
T
M R
E C
T
U M
A
C
E
O
L
T
U
A H
E
S
U
L
T
O
K
S
I
N
E O
S
S
L
Y
L
U
A
A
A
R
R
L
T
O
A
M
I
G
G
L
N
A
O F
I
M E
O
V
C
B
I
L
E
L
A
N
A
G
T
E
O
A
V
O M
I
T
E
U
A
C
R
M
P
A
M U
C O
S
A
H
E
U
E
E
T
L
B
J
T
T
B
P
D
G
N
P
S
D
U
A R
O
M O
N
A
T
S
Q
I
T
V W M
U
S
E
E
U
I
U
O
S
E U
A
E
E
P
J
M
N
R
R
L
Q P
Y
L
O
P
S
A
Y
R
A
T
N E
M
I
L
A
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Crossword Puzzle
1
P Y R
D
H
4
H E P A T O
G
G
L
O
5
C
U
H
T
6
Y
I
A
E M A T E M E S
E
I
Y
O
L
8
A N T A C I
S
9
H E R N
O S I S
2
3
S
T
O
M
A
C
7
H
M A
I S
D S
I A
60 | Chapter 3
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Underline the Accented Syllable
1.adenocarcinoma (ad-eh-noh-kar-sih-NOH-mah)
2.anastomosis (ah-nas-toh-MOH-sis)
3.bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin)
4.cecal (SEE-kal)
5.cholecystectomy (koh-lee-sis-TEK-toh-mee)
6.colonic (koh-LAW-nik)
7.diarrhea (dy-ah-REE-ah)
8.diverticulosis (dy-ver-tih-kyoo-LOH-sis)
9.dysphagia (dis-FAY-jee-ah)
10.esophagogastroduodenoscopy (eh-saw-fah-goh-gas-troh-doo-oh-den-AW-skoh-pee)
11.gastroenteritis (gas-troh-en-ter-EYE-tis)
12.guaiac (GWY-ak)
13.nausea (NAW-see-ah)
14.omphalocele (OM-fal-oh-seel)
15.steatorrhea (stee-at-oh-REE-ah)
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Word Surgery
1.adenocarcinoma
Suffix and its meaning: -oma tumor; mass
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: aden/o- gland
Combining form and its meaning: carcin/o- cancer
Medical word definition: Tumor in a gland that is a cancer
2.anorexia
Suffix and its meaning: -ia condition; state; thing
Prefix and its meaning: an- without; not
Combining form and its meaning: orex/o- appetite
Medical word definition: Condition (of being) without an appetite
3.antiemetic
Suffix and its meaning: -ic pertaining to
Prefix and its meaning: anti- against
Combining form and its meaning: emet/o- vomiting
Medical word definition: Pertaining to (being) against vomiting
4.peritonitis
Suffix and its meaning: -itis inflammation of; infection of
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: peritone/o- peritoneum
Medical word definition: Inflammation or infection of the peritoneum
5.cholangiography
Suffix and its meaning: -graphy process of recording
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: cholangi/o- bile duct
Medical word definition: Process of recording a bile duct
62 | Chapter 3
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6.cholelithiasis
Suffix and its meaning: -iasis state of; process of
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: chol/e- bile; gall
Combining form and its meaning: lith/o- stone
Medical word definition: State of (having) gallstones
7.gastroesophageal
Suffix and its meaning: -al pertaining to
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: gastr/o- stomach
Combining form and its meaning: esophag/o- esophagus
Medical word definition: Pertaining to the stomach and esophagus
8.hematochezia
Suffix and its meaning: -ia condition; state; thing
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: hemat/o- blood
Combining form and its meaning: chez/o- to pass feces
Medical word definition: Condition of blood when passing feces
9.hemorrhoidectomy
Suffix and its meaning: -ectomy surgical removal
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: hemorrhoid/o- hemorrhoid
Medical word definition: Surgical removal of hemorrhoids
10.hepatosplenomegaly
Suffix and its meaning: -megaly enlargement
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: hepat/o- liver
Combining form and its meaning: splen/o- spleen
Medical word definition: Enlargement of the liver and spleen
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11.endoscopic
Suffix and its meaning: -ic pertaining to
Prefix and its meaning: endo- innermost; within
Combining form and its meaning: scop/o- examine with an instrument
Medical word definition: Pertaining to (a structure) within (being) examined with
an instrument
12.herniorrhaphy
Suffix and its meaning: -rrhaphy procedure of suturing
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: herni/o- hernia
Medical word definition: Procedure of suturing a hernia
13.sialolithiasis
Suffix and its meaning: -iasis state of; process of
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: sial/o- saliva; salivary gland
Combining form and its meaning: lith/o- stone
Medical word definition: State of salivary gland stones
14.postoperative
Suffix and its meaning: -ive pertaining to
Prefix and its meaning: post- after; behind
Combining form and its meaning: operat/o- perform a procedure; surgery
Medical word definition: Pertaining to after surgery
15.hematemesis
Suffix and its meaning: –sis condition; abnormal condition; process
Prefix and its meaning: none
Combining form and its meaning: hemat/o- blood
Combining form and its meaning: eme/o- vomiting
Medical word definition: Abnormal condition of blood vomiting
64 | Chapter 3
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Chapter Quiz
Multiple Choice
1.C
4.B
7.A
2.B
5.A
8.C
3.D
6.B
9.A
10.D
Fill in the Blank
1.nasogastric
2.gastrostomy
3.computerized axial tomography (or tomography or CAT scan or CT scan)
4.cholelithiasis
5.Jaundice
6.hemorrhoids
7.Colic
8.dyspepsia
9.duodenum
10.Peristalsis
True/False
1.True
2.True
3.True
4.True
5.False (hernia of the rectal wall)
6.False (blood in the stool)
7.True
8.False (moving backward)
9.False (peptic ulcers or GERD)
10.True
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