Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
Year: 2015
Volume: 01
Issue: 05
Pages: 59-67
Evaluating Poem and Ballad Poemin Mashruteh Period
1
2
Shahnaz Eqbali , Javad Dehghanian 
Department of Persian Language and Literature, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar
Abbas, Iran
Email: [email protected]
2
Department of Persian Language and Literature, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar
Abbas, Iran
Email: [email protected]
1
Abstract:
Ballad is on harmony word that read by sign and today it called singing. But ballad in music is short sign with poet
and its words build on special themes. In the Mashruteh period free space was govern on society since poet
before this period had special audience and this situation lead to authority use short harmony statement. This
study purpose is study ballad Persian in Persian poem and their vole in liberation movement. Since every ballad
has 2 parts: Musician and poem. At first we state summary of Iran music history and then ballad history in Iran
and finally with analysis these ballad. The conclude ballad pay more attention to social- political issues and every
ballad is effective on people movement and this survey method is descriptive analytical and their gathering data
method is librarian.
Keywords:
Ballad, Sign, Poem, Music, Mashruteh.
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
59
Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
Introduction
Literature is mirror of social life, sprit and people sense and the situation govern on them. Authorities try to state
society situation and it's events. Since literature before Mashruteh had special audience but the affected by social,
political, economic and cultural factors and enter to people. This period poet stated their word in simple and short
harmony. Shafeie said: ((Mashruteh period poem have several style due to profound revolution in society)). So
ballad pay special attention to one of poem kind like social and political issues. Ballad is one harmonized world that
sign and there are different for it. Such as world like mixing of equal or non- equal words and they read it by
harmonized tone and today they called it. Song and is mixed of poet and music and is established poem and music.
(Dehkhoda Dictionary). And they referred to poem frame with music. But in other space being harmony is nessacity.
They have special frame and don't sign for special music and tone. Ali Akbar Sheida sign lovely ballad before
Mashruteh and is extracted from its love heart and it is one genius, since he innovating in one space that has not
history literature. And Aref Qazvini superior it on themselves and say it is good ((this ballads read for Darbar or
babrikhan, Shah Shahid cut or quality person but he change in tasnif and their ballad has very favorite song)). (Arian
porr 1995). So he is one of primate making ballad and we can say they are imagined their social, political and
criticize of their situation in song cover and music is song for published it's ideas and free thought that has special
taste and innovation and he is invented this method (2010). But we can see some concepts of low, unification,
Justice civilian society and freedom in song and primary march. So Aref is primary point of literature and making
ballad. Although Malek Oshoaraye Bahar make internal ballads. But others make song since he don't recognized
songs. The purpose of this article is evaluating ballad and Song in Mashruteh period and analyzed it. Some large
making ballad emerged and considered it ((revolution Hanjereh)). And they found its effect on librarian movement.
Some large ballad making emwrged from Qajar to Mashruteh. Ali Akbar Sheida is the first person recognized before
Aref and it's ballad show it's love heart Aref is the most effective person in ballad shaping and organizing and Bahar
is include first person wed short statement for have music and don't victim world.
Ali Akbar Sheida Ballad Analysis
Shaida ballad has lovely them and include 1 grade ballad of Qajarieh- period and they called ((Mardom Zad)) or
((Havayi)) (Shahbazi 2015). Since sheida make her ballad and they have sense and moral space. This ballad registed
as the first work of Shaida and has plains lovely and sad them and being repeated image is repeated, but we see new
statement in 3 line. But it's tone is with sadness and repeatedly emphasize on them and show saying song.
Some of musician authority believed ((Taziyeh maintain part of national music songs. And in addition delivered
some row to us. But in other ballad conversion mixed with literal convention and present some worlds in one
statement is cliché. And show happiness like the most beautiful in the below poet.
But this Prosodic tone of this poet is Mostafdan Faulan and Rhyme is coordinated in all literature but as we see
below Shaida ballad is include first grade ballad. So world and line are not coordinate. But in 2 final Hemistich
Prosodic tone meted. Internal them of this poet is lovely them and show love and love appreciation. Repeated world
vaj and word added to poem music. Sheida run famous ballad as ((Molloode Nabi)) due to Imam Ali's birth day.
Okhovat association hold ceremony every year due to Imam Ali birthday in Zahirodolleh houses. This creaming
long 24 hours and different class of people participated on it. Everybody was solve. And kindness was in this
ceremony even reach people that have slavery in their house sitting in the side of garden and eat their foods. And
Shaida poem and writhed in this king and poor people every ballad made of 4 stanza and also there is Row weight
nessacity and every 4 stanza repeated in the final paragraph that they include major Rows of Traneh and poem
language in this Song is very simple plain and short but in some stanza their weight change due to music.
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
60
Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
But Rhyme don't meet in some stanza and poem tone is happy. But there are not imaginative pictures, but they have
interesting paradox that are effective is music. But melody change in sone stanza, so we can say everything changed
in this period via tone melody and circulation. In other words music supremacy on poem. But some other beautiful
ballad known. But by comparison Sheida ballad we understand all of these ballads has common features.
1-
Plain language which is near to conversation.
2-
Repezative images
3-
Being moral and sense space
4-
Lovely them
5-
Frequency of words statements and child themes.
6-
Apply extra words which are not related to poet
7-
Varied rhythms and lines of unequal
8-
Bring Sheida world as balled during.
Aref Qazvin is poet of Mashrutiyat and is include the first person that make ballad during different events and
directly point to day events and there are 29 ballades in Aref Divan. Aref is the first person who make internal
ballades and he described that not only I cannot forget it but also don't remained revolution period Contemporary
and since I begin to ballad people think it should have for Babrikhan and relatively no one didn't know what is
homeland mean and only imagine homeland is city or village that human born it. But in the Mashruteh period
homeland concept affected by crerope notions and convened to one of most effective themes. So we can say making
homeland ballad begin by Aref: and it's poet is tool for state political- social think and excited people and is trap for
criticize of national corruption. But one of reason for this ballad is due to tend ancient Iran and he said: ((I want my
country will be powerful and he sign as part of poet and administered it in AbuAta and everybody welcome it.
This Aref ballad have unified form and make 6stanza end 2 last stanza is Makfuf Mahzaf. But every stanza has not
is Makfuf Mahfuf. But every station has not tone but has ighae. Aref said this ballad in memorized of the first war
victim who stand against Mohammad AliShah. So it's second Stanza is wel known. This ballad called ((Mashruteh
national sign)) and recognized as ((heart secret)) & ((wine time)). This stanza concept referred to my stereos that
flowers flourished of Siavash blood. It's first stanza has very precious structure and poet described it. But this
Happiness does not last long because in the third paragraph reveals the bitter truth is that: ((Lawyers and ministers
broke sleep / They steal all the gold and silver in Iran…)) Strongly criticized corruption and politics. In the song
repeating the word mystic worship homeland, he finds more and Given that the general public with his audience, the
language of poetry is simple, but powerful poetic aspect, this ballad is sustained. Mystic in the last paragraph of
people to fight and to defend the homeland calls. That's why the use of words and phrases that excite them. For
example: ((If you are man, no time battle / think anyone from death, not man / Valentine's injury is not like playing
backgammon / man is Chuck if you are is now time battle …)) (Tahmasebi, 12: 2003).
In the same paragraph poet and intellectual Independence Day Khayyami notes And accordingly from the beginning
of the song at the end of each paragraph, with such phrases ((What behaviors wheel / what depravity of wheels /
wheeler not religion, not religion!)) Focuses on his theory. But in this theory there is a paradox, because on the one
hand and on the other hand, claimed Independence Day condemned the mistreatment towards him and why? In the
song, the imagery, the images using an array of spiritual beauty, as: ((Height of mourning cypress curved / goals
because I have sadness torn clothes)) or exaggerating the line: ((The tears of all the earth upside now)) not created
but duplicate image is not new.
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
61
Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
Repeat some words and phonemes have a double impact as well as the delightful song lyrics: ((Was silent g on
Hemistich)) Phoneme "th and Z." The second line or vowel "a" and silent "t" in the first line of the third paragraph.
Also bring extra words like "soul", "God", " My beloved" repeat phrases that line before the main body of poetry
and song, and the song is a feature. When performing at the peak of a word or a special written statement would be
true sense and meaning)). (Davami, 2006: 14). Like this line: ((In the shadow of the goals of this sadness crept
Nightingale)), ((Nightingale of the grief crawl)) at the peak read and feel hurt Singer fully transmitted to listeners.
Other Compositions Mystic Get Begins
((heart has no desire to camping and watching desert caprice brunette and not (not)
We did not have the heart to go along with (not) within the patient's blood cried ... )). (Sepanta, 2003: 168). This
mystic ballad when Ousted Shah (Mohammad Ali Shah) to provoke the Russians into the hills Gmvsh have been
(1949) Built in Song (Sarang -Abvta) in six strap on his court records and "Sima Bina" Revolution reader to read it.
The ballad six packing lines per paragraph fifth to thirteenth it just repeats. Rhyme and rhythm into account and,
where necessary, the row. The song is a revolutionary social content. Message invited him to defend the country
against alien and fight against their hypocrisy. The ballad begins with the word "heart" represents a sensitive mood
mystic As he says: The cry of sorrow and Dreadful am who was not a breath of relief, I am)) (ibid., 16).
Check Ballad Analysis Laureate Bahar
Bahar politician, journalist, scholar and poet because of the variety and volume of his literary activities, their impact
everywhere in the Constitutional history Constitutional Movement and left early for a good interest and taste in
Persian music, the start to make the national ballads and songs. He walks all, strains of a homeland, freedom and
renews its worship.
Bahar ballad poems include: "1. spring flowers attractive 2-marshmallow on 3-of-pass heartbroken Shahanshah 4. 5.
6. Iran is the competitor is an 8-screen 7-Zeman my log of place on Bomber 9-song side of the 10-bride Chicken
Magic, 11-hen "(Bahar, 17: 1989). The most famous song of Bahar in relation to the constitution, the ballad
"Chicken magic" is the most famous and most robust of his compositions. David M. Reed songs made it on the
corner of poultry mahur magic performed by various singers sound like Qamar-molook Minister, Jane Zarrabi,
Mohammad Reza Shajarian, anthology and read many others.
Bahar this ballad about the events during the Shah and close the National Assembly and the nation in moments of
uncertainty has written. He classified the problem of poverty and class divisions and the loss of freedom refers to the
status quo laments and phrases such as: ((Truth is the life, and the fulfillment of the covenant, the moans of love,
cute lover were both ineffective)) expresses bitterness community. Bahar emotional tone and revolutionary but it's
simple and rich expression. (Ariyanpoor, 2008: 124). The strength and stability of the Bahar in his speech in such a
way as if the audience are people who know literature and poetry and music and this has caused the use of literary,
beautiful images including: ((Do not take my life flower nature)), ((Flight ruddy water after fire)) Create. Or in the
second paragraph of musical terms the "veil" points out.
Poetry cooked right and the use of terms and ingredients such as "Flight of flower face" and "fire water" is used less
in folk songs and impoverished society. One of the prominent characteristics of compositions by spring they are
recited some lines. First paragraph and second paragraph lyrical raises issues of the day. In this song, the allegorical
and metaphorical language audience on numerous emotional pressures against community is ready, then in the next
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
62
Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
paragraph that expresses the bitter events. Prosodic weight observed in the song, but the line for the sake of short
and long features are classified. Coordination and consistency of phonetic word has an influence on songs like
repeat vowel "a" in "from the Efficacy load" "the cage", "is spring", "goal time," or repeat the word and phrase in the
last paragraph such as "brief, concise now."
The song features the rhyme at the end of the two pillars and rows come together to create the music in some
Hemistich as "spring, flowering time, clear eyes, frost time. Combining poetry with music is one of the reasons it's
nice to sing this song Qamar Olmolook Wazir Mohammad Reza Shajarian recently due to the impact of the that The
song begins with the sound of the melody soars slowly paragraph, the third paragraph: ((Ruthless oppression,
tyranny fisherman)), with loud voice and called writing or in line, ((the love of the more prospective new goal now))
is to stimulate the audience three times. Bahar the Ballad of human freedom in the kind described in paragraph bird
hunter and ruthless oppression of tyrants evening, caught and purpose of the cage, the era or live far from any
freedom. ((The political aspect of this song is so strong and liberation that is so long, obscure poet and spring from
fears about his name did not disclose the involvement of several)) (Dadju,2014:7). What is important in this song
magic hen protest violations of freedom that is valid for all times. Now the first stanza of the song:
((Nightingale closed wing corner of the cage doors / voices of the freedom of human beings songwriter / soul scene
of the soil mass weight / fill Scherer now, full Scherrer now ... / oppression, tyranny, oppression hunter, Nest me
down / O Allah the sphere of nature, our dark night into dawn ...)).
Another song of Bahar, begins
((I was mad the night match my idol / Jana butterfly was seen in candles / fog on you I wonder and grief / Jana
patience and stability, despite your love was)).
This ballad Darvish Khan in the mound in 1288 and one of the Solar made public Visits read. ((Spring is aware that
the use of words and the words difficult Tqydat, composed of fluency throws. That's why this song lofty fabric and
decorated with verbal industry does not exist)). (ibid., 11). Simple poetic language and tone are addressed and
intrigued, he said flagrant manner that expresses the beauty beloved by serving what his life has made him crazy
night, plug, butterfly candle to her face, in her face the surprise and amaze, sad love, stability and patience
kidnapped him and his problem will be solved only by the month caused lover. One of the themes of the songs of
spring has always been a country song, in which case the following should be noted:
((If the competitor comes my mistress / springs from jealousy, the founder of I / guile and fraud in the army he / love
and freedom Division I / I fear what the fear of the enemy / God, God will give us victory over the enemy…
Where the country where opponents of our home / slightly further away, not this, not this your place /
Vector skirts that do not skirt / Go to fool the body we do not / does not fear the fire of My heart / butterfly state of
my heart / home with my opponents say the blood / not force my Mistress, my heart…)) (Fazel, 2011:114). The song
was written in the stale left by Rukn al-Din al-Mukhtar, the socio-political content. During the First World War
because of the foreign troops had crossed into Iranian territory, is written. The lyricism of the song Words
((competition, mistress, jealousy and)) love poem evokes, while the word ((deception and fraud)) keeps the
audience's mind from the harvest, because excessive emotional tone of protest. So to Bahar from "The Beast" and
the country "competitor" enemy alien, "love the motherland", the poet or the spring and "Love La Yzal" the love of
home.
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
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Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
Poetry with imaginary images such as "the neck to prevent vector Skirts, feathers Hope", simple and flowing. And
the word "homes" that is the essence of Bahar poetry, illustration has been repeated. Prosodic weight Hemistich not
met in all but repeating the phrase "not my soul" leads to harmony and cadence of the music is instrumental.
Bahar, in addition to addressing the issue of "Freedom and Homeland" to other issues such as the Iranian nation's
fragile economic situation, which has caused hunger, famine, homelessness and wandering people in the lyrics and
composed his time creating animal images. One of songs, "O king," the song made it universal meaning.
Bahar ballad " O King" in the year (1296), during a severe drought and famine in Iran had come into existence and
people were dying of hunger and destitution, wrote the song. In the spring the king's speech the subtle language,
reminiscent of his duties towards the nation and says: O king, O king, be aware of our / the poor, the weak, this
better be / country head for no bread / girls home to grab a Christian / sheep plague, famine and distress / methods,
the server asking why you have country / that the country went to eating what we do?)) (Bahar, 1989:32).
Except ballad (O king), Bahar ballad called "Autumn Wind" which speaks of the situation in Iran. Bahar of this song
in years (1920) to remove the veil solar poem, the song Darvish Khan Afshari's device. The song has three stanzas,
usually the second or third paragraph, much less run and more points than acute social problems in these two
clauses. Classification (wind fall) with beautiful lyrical begins this way:
((The wind blew fall / face was hidden flower / scout troops were seen falling from both sides / Chu cloud avalanche
ran my eyes a fountain of blood / magic hen cries out in grief nest / nest burned International, the world's flame ... ))
(dignity, 186: 1385).
Bahar with the introduction audience ready to hear the bitter events and the destruction of gardens and nature will
take fall damage Iran has created a chaotic situation consistency and burst all the problems that cause damage to the
country, saying:
"The country, ruined howl / coils and veil, black and moan / in the winter in the yard / rich comfortable and happy
and smiling / country ruined, incalculable cruelty / Come May I, going into this devotion ..." (ibid., 186).
The song can also be full of burning and fusion for coordination between poetry and song lyrics to his state, one of
the masterpieces of Bahar and Darvish Khan.
Bahar lyrical ballad "Autumn Wind" has, in his other compositions, including "The Magic Chicken" there. The
ballad "Autumn Wind" in the year (1305) after the death of Darwish Khan music was played at the funeral of her
high school. Bahar in the song for enjoying an array of literal and spiritual images of beauty as "the vanguard of the
army autumn", "flower face", "his tent autumn", "I ran from eye blood source" has created .
In singing some lines because of the importance of reading and harmony in music or movement of some words have
been repeated like the "IP" instead of "John" or remove the bits: "coil and veil, black and moan" , and replace the bit,
"his tent in a drunken fall flower / the quiet of the Ode to Nightingale", which certainly carry a different meaning
each time. The music for harmony in reading some of the words static, animated to be known as "incalculable
cruelty, black work" or a word like "Oh," the reader can dance along to the songs word. Bahar on the country ballad
begins: ((marshmallow on flower over now / from the flower we know now)).
In the song ((There's a poetic space through dialogue with traditional symbols, including: zephyr, breeze breakfast,
flowers, butterflies, candles, Nightingale and created)) (Por-Namdarian, 2012:6). Bahar in the song, Zephyr on the
classics, the flower that symbolizes the beloved messenger loyal lovers, sends to complain and say they love how
the blood Dvrysh cries and says: Oh dear, mist brow / claim under the settlement / I was more eye-emitting blood /
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
64
Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
blood filling the heart of the cup I / O dear friend, pleasant and clean / in the spring, we do not war / the water over
my head. / see more of my eye ....
After the lyrical love song in the second paragraph to reflect this complaint with the goal to be seen and to be heard,
but the goal has always had a reputation for being unfaithful to spring such as: Flowers of grief tore his shirt / zeal,
the fire on his lawn)). Bahar end of the song, with trick literary fiction and poetry in the country notes. A word that
has always been the basis of his poems and say the home due to injuries seen a lot of ruthless, but very happy
because ((I was like a nightingale Grass / songwriter hands in any country / her view of the ruthless ax / final the
self-made, self-made ... )).
According to the Creator: ((The song was performed in the spring it Shoshtari style sonnets and words chosen so
that apparently someone did not)) (Khaleqi, 2012:175). Apart from the above written another song: "Iran as an
efficient" Spring Court, composed Darwish Khan, who after World War I in (1919), and in celebration of the
National Assembly has been called. In this song, the poet's yearning and grief at the sight of the suffering that goes
to a good home can be felt: Iran is an Iran Arise and behold / When is the next bus and sober (and) living in Iran
Unfortunately you sit in the waiting foot Iran
It Gem smiling with us is peace / EC on foot from every corner is a great fit
Look what happened to her dormitory on foot passion and melee / blood has been violated, freedom is blood money
God frees us from the pain and sorrow / God's palate our hearts ... )).
The difference is that Bahar ballad with a strap and without preamble and prologue and Iran has long term written
on the state of the music for the song, the audience will be motivated and effective. Bahar except socio-political
ballad, romantic ballad has since written form to express the mysteries of romance and burning expression of love
was perfect and always the main motif of Persian song of data, So Bahar due to this feature, the romantic ballad,
gives political aura like romantic lyricism of "a broken heart, the love of the now" that Hesam al-saltaneh and
Abouata it made and implemented. Bahar the lyrics to the ruling class attacks, but not here speak of the King to the
ministers but the government attacked and criticized Vosuqodolleh authority:
((A broken heart, a lover of the moon now / blood did come this way Beware / lip locks and saddle a brief
mythology now / flower faces innumerable Ray / the old ministers work / do not work except treason / All dollar
under pressure who / what this persecution, the abuse / death of our (my) our death / black Cayenne when it is time
to do / is our obvious…)) (Aryan Pour,1993:124). In this song, the ballad "Spring came and the place is humming,"
that only a romantic theme, the element of emotion in this song is very strong and simple language and rhetorical
and is fascinated by the spring of literary and words difficult to avoid has done.
The final thing to love the song made the Darvesh khon that in celebration of the National Assembly in favor of firestricken city of Amol read and implemented in Solar 1915, brought.
Conclusion
Since we student ballad history in Iran and comparisoned selected ballad of Mashruteh period we found that 3
selected poet like Ali Akbar Sheida, Aref Qazvini and Maleko shoaraye bahar are considered as moaser ballad poet,
and everyone is plain and simple but he can imbedded lovley and spiritual thems in their ballad with reparative ,
Chiche and favorite pictures and save them relative to past period and organized them.
Corresponding Author: Javad Dehghanian
Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
65
Australian Journal of International Social Research
ISSN: 2205-5436
Aref is public poet and organized it. Also it serviced to ballad and song, Aref not only changed in ballad but has
political- social themes and it include the first persons who signed poem and it is vehicle for people excitement and
criticized national corruption. Aref hold concert and lead to his song distributed between public and is effective on
public movements. One of most frequency themes in homeland Aref ballad is homeland signs and is rooted in
national religious aspects and it remained in people mind.
One of the frequent themes in mystic ballad "home", the lyrics homeland because of the national and religious
intolerance Iranians, without any exaggeration is always mind the immortal revolutionary Iranian nation, Like ballad
"Blood blown tulip youth home" and to be sure, one reason for the fame of the mystic ballad roguish performance in
relation to the term home as well as its implementation in Dashti that Iran is the saddest song. Laureate Bahar
because of the variety and volume of his literary activities, their impact in all of history left Constitutional
Movement and from the very beginning because of the interest and taste a good constitution that was in Iranian
music, began to make his ballads and songs. More, strains of Bahar aspect homeland, freedom and renews his
worship. He has a good mix of poetry and music with poetic rhythms adjust the pitch of the music. That is why in
his written word is seen less repetitive and break lines and lyrics and music no one else is sacrificed. Bahar
understood that the art of song in the history of art music has always been a haven for secret love, hence the
expression along with political issues - social, romantic lyricism brought together. Finally, the impact of national
fusion of poetry and music, the music should not be forgotten. That's why, when spring eternal ballad of " Magic
Chicken" composed and David M. Reed tract the mound construction, since the specific features of this device,
create courage and confidence in the listener, Bahar chicken instead of talking to her soul, and against slavery, lack
of freedom and divide the whining. But the fact is that quality of beauty, describing possible, but quality is intrinsic
and indefinable pleasure and like many of the world is unknown, it should only be delighted.
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Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
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ISSN: 2205-5436
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Email Address: [email protected]
Acceptance Date: 11/12/2015
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