RNA METHYLATION
METHYLATION DYNAMICS
RNA
AtAt
least
140
alternative
RNA
nucleotide
forms
exist.
OnOn
mRNA,
the
most
least
140
alternative
RNA
nucleotide
forms
exist.
mRNA,
the
most
6
common
is
the
methylation
of
adenosine
on
the
N6
position
(m
A).
6 This
common is the methylation of adenosine on the N6 position (m A). This
epigenetic
mark
is is
laid
down
byby
a “writer”
protein
complex
that
includes
epigenetic
mark
laid
down
a “writer”
protein
complex
that
includes
three
well-characterized
components:
METTL3,
METTL14,
and
WTAP.
three well-characterized components: METTL3, METTL14, and WTAP.
The
reverse
process
ofof
RNA
demethylation
is is
performed
byby
“erasers,”
The
reverse
process
RNA
demethylation
performed
“erasers,”
such
as
the
enzymes
FTO
and
ALKBH5.
such as the enzymes FTO and ALKBH5.
Me
Me
METTL3/METTL14 /WTAP
METTL3/METTL14 /WTAP
FTO or ALKBH5
FTO or ALKBH5
YTHDF1
YTHDF1
Me
Me
YTHDF2
YTHDF2
1

1
Q
Me
Me
TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION
HNRNPA2B1
HNRNPA2B1
THE SCIENTIST STAFF
CREDIT LINE
Me
Me
3

3
Q
ALTERNATIVE SPLICING
ALTERNATIVE SPLICING
2

2
Q
DEGRADATION
DEGRADATION
RNA
molecules
marked
with
epigenetic
modifications
can
then
affect
cellular
processed
through
RNA
molecules
marked
with
epigenetic
modifications
can
then
affect
cellular
processes
through
thethe
function
of of
specific
“reader”
proteins
thatthat
bind
thethe
modified
nucleotide.
Known
readers
of m6A
function
specific
“reader”
proteins
bind
modified
nucleotide.
Known
readers
of
include
which
stimulates
protein
synthesis
by
interacting
with
the
translation
machinery
m6A YTHDF1,
include YTHDF1, which stimulates protein synthesis by interacting with the translation
and
increasingand
translation
efficiency
machinery
increasing
translation
1 ;efficiency 
human YTH
1 domain
; humanfamily
YTH domain
2 (YTHDF2),
familywhich
2 (YTHDF2),
mediates
Q

which
mRNAmediates
degradation
mRNA
degradation 
2 ; and the RNA-binding
2 ; and the
protein
RNA-binding
heterogeneous
proteinnuclear
heterogeneous
ribonucleoprotein
nuclear
Q

ribonucleoprotein A2B1
A2B1
(HNRNPA2B1),
(HNRNPA2B1),
which
which
mediates
mediates
alternative
alternative
splicing splicing 3Q
.3 .

0101
. 201
. 201
66
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S CSIE
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NIST
T IST3737