This gas is NOT a Greenhouse Gas.
What i
What is…
1.
O2
2.
O3
3.
CH4
4
4.
Freon‐‐11 (a CFC)
Freon
11 (a CFC)
The gases: H2O and CO2.
What are…
1
1.
The
The two most abundant gases.
two most abundant gases
2.
The two most abundant Greenhouse gases.
3.
The two most abundant anthropogenically
The two most abundant anthropogenically enhanced
Greenhouse gases.
4.
The two gases that comprise 99% of the atmosphere
g
p
p
1/1
The observation that “the atmosphere is heated from below” is most evident in this layer.
from below
is most evident in this layer
What is…
1
1.
Layer A ‐ B
Layer A ‐
Layer A 2
2.
Layer B ‐ C
Layer B ‐
Layer B 3.
Layer C ‐
Layer C ‐ D
4.
Layer D and above
1/2
The average temperature in this layer of the atmosphere
atmosphere gets cooler with increasing altitude.
gets cooler with increasing altitude
What is the…
1.
TROPOSPHERE
2.
TROPOPAUSE
3.
STRATOSPHERE
4.
THERMOSPHERE
1/3
The residence time of CO2 gas molecules, once they get into the atmosphere
once they get into the atmosphere.
What is…
1. ~10
~10‐‐12 years
y
2
2.
~50 years
~50 years
3
3.
~100 years
100 yea
4.
~ 500 years
1/4
N2, N, O and O2 are effective absorbers of extremely harmful X‐
h
harmful X
f l X‐ray and UVC radiation in this layer.
d UVC di ti i thi l
What is…
1.
Troposphere
2.
Stratosphere
3.
Mesosphere
4.
Thermosphere
1/5
The Radiation Laws that best explains why absorption curves exist.
p
What is
What is…
1.
The hotter the body, the shorter the wavelength
shorter the wavelength
2.
Shorter
Shorter electromagnetic wavelengths have electromagnetic wavelengths have
higher intensity radiation than longer wavelengths
3.
The hotter the body, the (much) greater the amount of energy flux or radiation
4.
Some substances emit and absorb radiation
at certain wavelengths only
at certain wavelengths only.
2/1
The reason the relatively cooler Earth radiates its energy in longwave
energy in longwave radiation, in contrast to the Sun which radiates most of its energy in short wave hi h di t
t f it
i h t
radiation:
What is…
1.
The hotter the body, the shorter h h
h b d h h
the wavelength
2.
Shorter electromagnetic wavelengths have
g
y
g
g
higher intensity radiation than longer wavelengths
3.
The hotter the body, the (much) greater the amount of energy flux or radiation
4.
Some substances emit and absorb radiation at S
b
i
d b b di i
certain wavelengths only.
2/2
The part of this O 3 absorption curve that is linked to OZONE’S absorption of harmful UV radiation p
in the stratosphere.
What is…
1.
Part X of the absorption curve 2.
Part Y of the absorption curve
3
3.
Both
Both Parts X & Y working together
Parts X & Y working together
4.
Neither X or Y Neither X or Y –– this is NOT an absorption curve!!
2/3
This curve represents absorption by:
What is…
1.
A blackbody
2.
A gas that is NOT a Greenhouse Gas
g
3.
All the gases in the atmosphere as a whole
All the gases in the atmosphere as a whole
4
4.
A gas that absorbs ONLY infrared
A
gas that absorbs ONLY infrared
wavelengths of radiation
2/4
What is…
The Greenhouse Greenhouse
Effect is best represented d
by the circled y
area in this sketch:
1.
This one:
2.
This one:
3.
This one
2/5
The reason why ‐‐
The reason why ‐‐ if Global Warming is occurring ‐‐
if Global Warming is occurring ‐‐we we should be able to detect it FIRST in LAND SURFACE temperatures rather than OCEAN SURFACE temperatures.
What is…
What is…
1.
The specific heat & heat capacity of WATER is The specific heat & heat capacity
higher than that of SOIL, higher than that of SOIL, hence water heats up g
, hence water heats up p
more slowly than soil.
2.
The specific heat & heat capacity of SOIL is higher The specific heat & heat capacity
that that of LAND, hence soil heats up more that that of LAND, hence soil heats up more slowly than water.
than water
3.
The reflectivity of WATER is higher than that of The
The reflectivity reflectivity of
of WATER is higher than that of WATER is higher than that of
SOIL, hence it will absorb more radiation
3/1
The segments of this graph that represent LATENT energy (LE)
gy ( )
What are:
1.
U‐V, W
V, W‐‐X, and Y‐
X, and Y‐Z
2.
V‐W and X
W and X‐‐Y
3.
V‐W and W
W and W‐‐X
4.
V‐ X and X X and X ‐‐ Z
3/2
The number of positively charged protons the nucleus of this neutral lithium atom contains
nucleus of this neutral lithium atom contains.
What is…
1.
One
2.
Two
3.
Three
4.
None ‐ the nucleus contains photons, not None ‐
protons! protons!
3/3
Energy transfer by means of vibrational energy from one molecule to the next through a substance
from one molecule to the next through a substance.
What is…
1.
Convection 2.
Conduction
3.
Radiation
4.
Latent Energy
Latent Energy
3/4
How thermal energy will flow in this diagram, based on the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
based on the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
What is…
1.
By means of CONVECTION
2
2.
From
From the ICE CUBE to the FINGER
the ICE CUBE to the FINGER
3.
From the FINGER to the ICE CUBE
3/5
Based on the Newton’s Law shown in this figure, the force (via consumption of gas) needed by either a Hummer or an Echo to make both either a Hummer or an Echo, to make both either a Hummer or an Echo, to make both
accelerate equally from a position at rest if the Hummer has 2 times the mass
Hummer has 2 times the mass of the Echo.
What is…
1
1.
The
The Hummer will need ½ as much force The Hummer will Hu
e ill need ½ as much force as the Echo
eed ½ a
u h fo e as the Echo
a the E ho
2
2.
The Echo will need ½ as much force as the Hummer
The Echo will need ½ as much force The Echo will need ½ as much force as the Hummer
as the Hummer
3
3.
The
The Hummer & Echo will need the same
The Hummer & Echo will need Hummer & Echo will need the same
the same
amount of force
4.
The Echo will need The Echo will need twice as much force twice as much force as the as the Hummer
4/1
The Newtonʹs Law that is illustrated in
that is illustrated in this cartoon:
Wh t i
What is…
1.
The Inverse Square Law
q
2.
The Law of Inertia
The Law of Inertia
3
3.
The 2
The 2nd Law of Law of
Thermodynamics.
Thermodynamics
4/2
The term used to describe The term used to describe motion
motion‐‐related
energy.
What is…
1
1.
Potential energy
Potential energy
2
2.
Impulse
3
3.
Ki ti
Kinetic energy
4.
G it ti
Gravitational energy
l
4/3
The Law of Physics illustrated by
by this diagram of the diver’s is diag a o
e di e s
plunge to the ground is:
What is…
1
1.
Stefan‐‐Boltzmann
Stefan
2.
Irreversibility
3.
Sustainability
4.
Conservation of Energy
4/4
The word that best completes this sentence: “Energy may not be destroyed, but it can become ___________.”
What is…
1.
Matter
2.
Mass
3.
Inefficient
4/5
The wavelength range of infrared radiation.
di i
What is…
1.
< 0.4 micrometers
2.
> 0.7 micrometers
3.
400 –– 700 nanometers
400 4.
Longer wavelengths than microwaves
5/1
The key factor that makes certain gases act as
as greenhouse gases!
greenhouse gases!
What is…
1.
They are diatomic
y
2
2.
They absorb shortwave radiation and They
They absorb
shortwave radiation and emit
shortwave radiation and emit
longwave radiation
3.
They easily reflect IR radiation back to the They easily reflect
E th’
Earth’s surface
f
4.
They absorb
They absorb and and emit
emit infrared radiation
5/2
The tree ring core that represents a tree
The tree ring core that represents a tree that is highly SENSITIVE to climate & good for crossdating:
df
d i
What i
What is…
1
1.
This one:
This one:
2.
This one:
5/3
What occurs in an atom when an electron takes a quantum leap from a takes a quantum leap from a higher higher to a to a lower energy level.
lower energy level.
lower energy level
What is…
1.
A photon is emitted
2.
A p o o is abso be
A photon is absorbed
3.
There is no change because energy is conserved.
5/4
Quantum behavior of certain molecules (bending, rotation, vibrations)
(bending, rotation, vibrations)
What is…
1.
Why photons leap to higher energy states
2.
Behavior explained by Newton’s Laws
3.
The reason LE is not sensed as heat
4.
The reason some gases are greenhouse gases and others are not
and others are not.
5/5