Write It!
Write It!
#1
#2
Explain what a valence electron is.
How are periods and groups
different from each other?
Write It!
#3
How can you determine if elements
have similar chemical properties?
Expl
Expl
ain
the
moti
on
of
the
parti
Assess It!
Assess It!
#1
#2
Which is not true about all of these
elements?
A. They are all in the same group
B. They all have the same number of valence
electrons
C. They all have the same number of protons
D. They all share similar properties
Assess It!
#3
Which two elements share similar
properties?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Oxygen and Sulfur
Oxygen and Nitrogen
Oxygen and Helium
Oxygen and Chlorine
Which element has 2 valence electrons and is
in period 4?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sodium
Carbon
Beryllium
Calcium
Assess It!
#4
Which element is the most reactive?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Silicon
Oxygen
Lithium
Aluminum
Read It!
Read It!
#1
#2
All of the elements in the same period
have the same ___________________.
Which number determines how the periodic
table is arranged?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Atomic number
Atomic Mass
Number of Neutrons
Number of ions
A.
B.
C.
D.
Valence electrons
Energy shells or orbitals
Atomic mass
Atomic number
Read It!
Read It!
#4
#3
All of the elements in the same group
have the same ___________________.
A. Valence electrons
B. Energy shells or orbitals
C. Atomic mass
D. Atomic number
What are valence electrons?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Electrons with a positive charge.
The same as the number of protons.
Electrons in the outermost energy level.
The total number of electrons
Watch It!
#1
The Truly Periodic Table
goo.gl/zv7Jyi
(URL is case sensitive)
1. Click Play on the video.
2. Answer questions from cards
#2-4 on your lab sheet.
Watch It!
#3
Which part of the atom allows
one atom to react with another
one?
Watch It!
#2
What does the atomic number
represent on the periodic table?
Watch It!
#4
What is true about elements that
are in the same column
(group/family)?
Organize It!
#1
Organize It!
#2
Match the element with the
correct characteristics.
Organize It!
#3
Organize It!
#4
Has 2 valence electrons
Carbon
Has 4 valence electrons
Has 2 energy levels
Magnesium
Has 3 energy levels
More reactive than Boron
Less reactive than Aluminum
Similar properties to Beryllium
Similar properties to Tin
Illustrate It!
#1
Use the colored pencils to label the following items
on your periodic table
Illustrate It!
#2
1. Color period 3 red
2. Color group 2 blue
3. Color 3 elements yellow that
have similar properties
4. Label groups 1-18
5. Label period 1-7
6. Label which relates to the number of valences electrons
7. Label which relates to the number of energy shells or orbitals
8. Draw an arrow showing the most stable and the most reactive
groups
Illustrate It!
Illustrate It!
#3
1.
2.
3.
4.
Using a real periodic table answer
the following questions on your lab
sheet
List two elements that have similar properties.
List the number of valence electrons for Li and O.
How many energy shells does Zn have?
Which element is more reactive, Na or As?
#4
Illustrate It!
Station Directions
Use the colored pencils to label the following items on your periodic table
1. Color period 3 red
2. Color group 2 blue
3. Color 3 elements yellow that have
similar properties
4. Label groups 1-18
5. Label period 1-7
6. Label which relates to the number of valences electrons
7. Label which relates to the number of energy shells or orbitals
8. Draw and arrow showing the most stable to the most reactive groups
Research It!
#1
Live Science
goo.gl/9kco4V
(URL is case sensitive)
1. You are going to be researching different
aspects of how the periodic table is
arranged.
Research It!
#3
Use the periodic table on the site
to answer the following questions.
1. List 3 elements that have similar
properties or reactivity.
2. Which element is in group 14 period 3?
3. How many valence electrons does Sodium
have?
Research It!
#2
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the different rows called?
What do they tell us?
What are the different columns called?
What do they tell us?
Explore It!
Explore It!
#1
#2
The periodic table is also
organized in a similar fashion.
In front of you are 16 cards.
1. Your goal is to organize them into a 4x4
grid that makes the most logical sense to
you.
2. On your lab sheet describe how you
organized the columns and rows.
Explore It!
#3
1.
2.
3.
4.
Organize the cards to
look like those on the
right.
Explore It!
The columns (up and down) on the
periodic table are called groups or
families and there are 18 of them.
Each group has something in common.
They all have similar characteristics.
They all have similar reactivity.
The group number can help determine the
valence electrons (electrons on the
outermost shell).
Write these on your lab sheet.
#4
The rows (left to right) on the periodic
table are called periods and there are 7
of them.
Each period has something in common also.
1. They all have the same number of orbitals or energy
shells. Think of orbitals as rings around the atom where
electrons live. Period 1 has 1 ring. Period 2 has two
ring…and so on.
2. Summarize this on your lab sheet.
Explore It!
#5
Highly reactive
Explore It!
#6
5.
6.
7.
8.
Using a real periodic table answer
the following questions on your lab
sheet
List two elements that have similar properties.
List the number of valence electrons for Li and O.
How many energy shells does Zn have?
Which element is more reactive, Na or As?
Atoms can be highly reactive or very stable.
The periodic table is arranged so that the
stable elements are on the far right and the
highly reactive elements are on the left.
Write this on your lab sheet.
More Stable
Read It!
The Periodic Table
The periodic table is organized like a big grid. Each element is placed in a specific location because of its
atomic structure. As with any grid, the periodic table has rows (left to right) and columns (up and down).
Each row and column has specific characteristics. For example, beryllium (Be) and magnesium (Mg) are
found in column two and share certain similarities.
When you look at the periodic table, each row is called a period (Get it? Like PERIODic table.). All of the elements in a
period have the same number of atomic orbitals or energy levels. For example, every element in the top row (the first
period) has one orbital for its electrons. All of the elements in the second row (the second period) have two orbitals for
their electrons. As you move down the table, every row adds an orbital. At this time, there is a maximum of seven
electron orbitals.
The periodic table also has a special name for its vertical columns. Each column is called a group. The elements in each
group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons.
They are the electrons involved in chemical bonds with other elements. Every element in the first column (group one)
has one electron in its outer shell. Every element in the second column (group two) has two electrons in the outer shell.
As you keep counting the columns, you'll know how many electrons are in the outer shell. There are exceptions to the
order when you look at the transition elements, but you get the general idea.
Transition elements add electrons to the second-to-last orbital. For example, nitrogen (N) has the atomic number seven.
The atomic number tells you there are seven electrons in a neutral atom of nitrogen. How many electrons are in its
outer orbital? Nitrogen is in the fifteenth column, labelled 'Group VA'. The 'V' is the Roman numeral for five and
represents the number of valence electrons in the outer orbital.
Helium (He) is different from all of the other elements. It is very stable with only two electrons in its outer orbital
(valence shell). Even though it only has two, it is still grouped with the noble gases that have eight electrons in their
outermost orbitals. The noble gases and helium are all "happy," because their valence shell is full.