Proyecto
PAISAJE SONORO 2010
Outputs
I.Garcia, K.Herranz, I.Aspuru
Proyecto premiado
© Copyright Tecnalia 2010
TECNALITO 2010
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: OBJECTIVES
• Definition of a methodology to assess soundscapes, combining acoustics
analysis and questionnaires regarding perception, emotion and health.
• Contribute to emphasize the positive effect of soundscape on human health,
demonstrating its ability to increase the effect of restoration linked to staying
in urban areas
Integral Health
approach
Health and Lifestyle
questionnaire
Monitoring heart rate
Acoustic
approach
Background
level and Events
Psychosocial
approach Soundscape
CROSS VALIDATION
Experiment in
La Alhondiga, a new
urban square
(Bilbao)
assessment;
emotions and
stress scales
2
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: THE EXPERIMENT
Two objectives:
•
•
Check the sensitivity of different assessment indicators to build a consistent
procedure for Soundscape analysis.
Verify that staying in a better soundscape contributes to wellbeing, in terms of
restoration, conceived as a better recover from stress.
Group of 10 person from Tecnalia
Two situations, distinguished only by its acoustic quality:
• The first one is a natural situation in the square;
• In the second one, we introduce an artificial audio, recorded previously in the same
place, but ensuring the presence of some more events and a slightly higher noise
level (only 2 dB).
The group split in two evaluated both situations (the order was changed each time).
In addition to acoustic and psycho-social assessment, the experiment included the
performance of some cognitive tests to create stress in the individuals to be
able to evaluate their recovery.
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: CONCLUSIONS (collaboration with DEUSTOSALUD)
We created two situations with different values for the
Sound Atmosphere Indicator
Natural SSC+,
and
SSC with extra - sound.
Comparing the assessment made in the two situations.
¾ The PLACE, when Natural SSC, is perceived as
more pleasant (agradable), quiet (tranquilo) and common (común).
Staying in urban recreation areas
• Plays a perceived Restorative Effect compared to stress at work.
• It Generates Positive emotional feelings: Calm.
• It Reduces Negative emotions: Anger (Enojo).
¾ In the Natural SSC, those effects are higher.
¾ The monitored health indicator shows that in Natural SSC
restoration to induced stress is more intense and faster.
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: ACOUSTIC APPROACH
SELECTED INDICATORS
Sound Atmosphere Indicator (Bruitparif):
non natural events (low frequencies) + background level
Tecnalia applied a procedure to be able to consider number
of events and/or their energy
RESULTS
approx. difference
of 2 dBA
Alhóndiga 24 de noviembre de 2010
6,0
5,0
SAI
4,0
EVENTOS SAI Sound
EVENTOS SAI
Sin
atmosphere
Con
Sound
24-nov
fuente
indicator
fuente
atmosfere
indicator
11:26:16
4,8
12:18:29
3,4
11:29:37
3,5
12:20:02
3,7
11:30:40
4,8
12:22:52
3,0
11:34:52
4,8
12:22:57
3,2
11:36:10
4,8
12:23:02
3,2
11:39:39
3,9
12:23:07
2,5
11:40:33
4,3
12:25:18
3,8
11:42:59
4,7
12:26:38
2,8
11:45:11
4,8
12:27:48
4,2
12:28:51
4,1
12:29:43
3,2
3,0
2,0
Sound atmosphere
indicator CON FUENTE
1,0
Sound atmosphere
indicator SIN FUENTE
0,0
1
2
3
4
5
6
EVENTOS
7
8
9
10
11
24‐nov
Natural SSC+
SSC with add source ‐
difference
average
4,5
3,4
1,1
corrected average
4,3/4,3
3,1/3,0
1,2/1,3
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: ACOUSTIC APPROACH
SELECTED INDICATORS
Tranquility rating prediction tool (University of Bradford):
(FORMULA C)_TR = 9,68 + 0.041 NCF – 0,146 LAeq.
The group was sit looking to
opposite orientations
approx. difference
of 2 dBA
DAY 24
DAY 29
SSC +
SSC -
TOWARDS ALHONDIGA
4,0
3,7
TOWARDS STREETS
2,9
2,6
DIFFERENCE DUE TO
VISUAL SCAPE
1,1
DIFF DUE
TO
ACOUSTIC
ENV
0,3
SSC +
SSC -
TOWARDS ALHONDIGA
4,0
3,4
TOWARDS STREETS
2,9
2,3
DIFFERENCE DUE TO
VISUAL SCAPE
1,1
DIFF DUE
TO
ACOUSTIC
ENV
0,6
PAISAJE SONORO 2010 PSICOSOCIAL APPROACH
PERCEPTION INDICATORS
Selection Based on our experience
•Sociodemographic data
•Satisfaction in different areas of life
•Noisiness and annoyance of noise sources in
different common environments
•Relaxation: activities and places
Health and Life Styles
• Sources: Health and lifestyles
Surveys
• Ministry of Health
• Regional Government
• Most relevant items were selected
to identify possible contaminant
factors
Emotions
Contribution from UPV-EHU, Social
Psychology and Methodology of
Behavioural Science Dep.
HEALTH
Personal Data
SOUNDSCAPES
• Revision 2009
+ COST + Internoise 2010…
• Semantic Differential Scale
• Fredickson ( Emotion Scale 2009)
ÐEVA (Visual Analog Scale)
with 4 emotions
Stress
Contribution from DeustoSalud
• Stress Perception Scale
ÐEVA of Stress
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: PSICOSOCIAL APPROACH
RESULTS ABOUT SOUNDSCAPE PERCEPTION
Natural SSC+ (without extra sound)
• The PLACE: is perceived as
more pleasant (agradable),
agradable quiet (tranquilo) and common (común)
• Some less complex (complejo), stressful (estresante), rough (áspero)
and uncomfortable (incómodo).
• It difficulties little less conversation
5
Percepción ambiente sonoro
4
3
,
2
SSC+ Alhóndiga
SSC+ calles
SSC- Alhóndiga
SSC- calles
ag
ra
da
bl
e
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e
1
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: PSICOSOCIAL APPROACH
SELECTED INDICATORS TO ASSESS Restorative Effect (Emotions and Stress)
Joy,
Calm,
Anger,
Sadness
ÐEVA
(Visual Analog Scale)
RESULTS
Emotions Æ
It Generates Positive emotional feelings: Calm
It Reduces Negative emotions: Anger (Enojo)
Stress Æ (Base Line: high levels linked to work)
In addition to recovering from stress, it improves the Base Line
Ambientes sonoros (SSC+/SSC-)
100
90
Línea Base (T6)
80
SSC+ pre
70
SSC + post
60
SSC- pre
50
SSC- post
40
30
20
10
0
Alegría
Calma
Stress
Enojo
Tristeza
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: HEALTH APPROACH
SELECTED INDICATORS (collaboration with DEUSTOSALUD)
9 Heart Rate Variability.
9Respiratory rate and EMG responses.
9 SCL (Skin conductance level).
9 Cortisol levels in saliva.
5 equipment
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: HEALTH APPROACH
RESULTS (collaboration with DEUSTOSALUD)
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PAISAJE SONORO 2010: HEALTH APPROACH
RESULTS (collaboration with DEUSTOSALUD)
92
90
PROMEDIO SIN FUENTE
88
PROMEDIO CON FUENTE
86
84
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
68
66
64
62
60
PAISAJE SONORO 2010: HEALTH APPROACH
RESULTS (collaboration with DEUSTOSALUD)
92
90
88
86
AVERAGE 24 SSC ‐ SSC + FC MAX FC MIN TIME DIFFERENCE
86 97 63 62 1:39 1:06 23 35 FC MIN TIME DIFFERENCE
67 71 1:21 1:09 37 35 PROMEDIO SIN FUENTE
PROMEDIO CON FUENTE
84
82
80
78
AVERAGE 29 FC MAX SSC ‐ 104 SSC + 106 76
74
72
70
68
66
64
62
FC MAX FC MIN TIME 95 102 65 67 1:30 1:07 0:
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AV 24/29 SSC ‐ SSC + PAISAJE SONORO 2010: CONCLUSIONS (collaboration with DEUSTOSALUD)
“We have found biologically relevant evidences that show
that having a nice soundscape in urban recreation areas
contributes to have a restoration to daily stress more
intense and faster than in more acoustically polluted
areas ”
“We can emphasize that being in acoustic environments
rated as "positive " or "calm" has benefits in perceived
health (psychosocial). It not only reduces stress but
also increases the positive well-being (emotions)”
TECNALIA provides a methodology for the evaluation of
soundscapes that, combining acoustic analysis and
psychosocial surveys, facilitates the identification of
urban quiet areas to be preserved
Visit our blog: http://soundscapelabein.blogspot.com
Nowadays, only in Spanish.
To be invited, send an e‐mail to [email protected]