Ell presente
perfecto
f
Capítulo 7
El dos de noviembre de 2011
¿Qué es el presente perfecto?
The present perfect is formed by
combining a helping verb (“have” or
“has”) with the past participle
Por ejemplo…

For example:
 I have played tennis.
 She has sung at weddings.
 We have flown in a plane
plane.
Para formar in inglés

To form the present participle we combine the
helping verb “have
have/has”
/has” with a past participle
 For example
example,, “II have been a lifeguard
lifeguard..”
 “I” is the subject
 “have
h ” is
have”
i the
th helping
h l i verb
b
 “been
been”” is the past participle
Para formar en español

In Spanish we form the present participle by
combining the present tense of the verb haber
(the helping
p g verb
verb,, or el verbo auxiliar
auxiliar)) with a p
past
participle

For example
example::
 Yo he bailado.
bailado.
I have danced
danced..
 Nosotros
no hemos estudiado para el examen.
We haven’t studied for the test.
The present tense of haber
he
hemos
has
habéis
ha
han
Remember…
How to form the past participle:
participle:
 For –ar verbs, take the stem of the verb and add
–ado
Example: comprar → comprado
 For –er and –ir verbs, take the stem of the verb
and add –ido
Example: tener → tenido
Para formar…
Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar:
he estudiado
hemos estudiado
has estudiado
habéis estudiado
ha estudiado
han estudiado
Para formar…
As you can see I have combined the
present forms of haber (the helping verbs)
he
hemos
has
habéis
ha
han
…with
with the past participle of estudiar
he estudiado
hemos estudiado
has estudiado
habéis estudiado
ha estudiado
han estudiado
Now you try…
On a sheet of paper, see if you can figure
out the present perfect forms for the verb
hablar:
b :
he ________
hemos _______
has ________
habéis ________
ha ________
han ________
Is this what you came up with?
he hablado
hemos hablado
has hablado
habéis hablado
ha hablado
han hablado
Let
Let’ss try another…
Now see if you can form the present perfect
forms of the verb tomar:
__ ________
____ _______
___ ________
_____ ________
__ ________
___ ________
Is this what you got?
he tomado
hemos tomado
has tomado
habéis tomado
h tomado
ha
d
h tomado
han
d
Now let
let’ss try an –er verb
See if you can come up with the present perfect
forms for comer:
__ ______
_____ ______
___ ______
______ ______
__ ______
___ ______
Is this what you came up with?
he comido
hemos comido
has comido
habéis comido
h comido
ha
id
h comido
han
id
Let’s
Let s try another one…see
one see if you can come up
with the present perfect tense of ir
ir::
__ ___
_____ ___
___ ___
______ ___
__ ___
___ ______
Is this what you came up with?
he ido
hemos ido
has ido
habéis ido
h id
ha
ido
h id
han
ido
Many of you may have assumed that ir had an
irregular past participle. Afterall, it does have an
irregular present participle.
participle But ir is actually
regular in this tense. Here are some verbs that
are irregular in the past participle:
Not exactly irregular but…
-er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel
have past participles ending in –ído
caer → caído
leer → leído
reír → reído
creer → creído
oír → oído
traer → traído
Irregulars
The following verbs have irregular past
participles ending in –to:
abrir → abierto
cubrir → cubierto
descubrir → descubierto escribir → escrito
morir → muerto
poner → puesto
romper → roto
t
ver → visto
i t
volver → vuelto
More irregulars
These verbs have irregular past participles
ending in –cho:
decir → dicho
hacer → hecho
¡Practicamos!
See if yyou can form the correct present
p
perfect
p
usingg
the subject and verb given.
Modelo: yo / decidir → He decidido
1. ella / abrir
Ha abierto
2. Marta y yo / tocar
Hemos tocado
3. Gonzalo / crecer
Ha crecido
4. Tú y tus amigos / reír
Han reído ó habéis reído
5 Mis padres / hacer
5.
Han hecho
6 Tus
6.
T abuelos
b l / cubrir
bi
Han cubierto
7. Rogelio y Ramón / escribir
Han escrito
Y para más práctica…
Remember:
Remember:
You can visit my website.
website. There are various
links for more practice with listening
listening,, reading
reading,,
vocabulary,, and grammar
vocabulary
grammar!!