Name
Class
Section 9-1 Chemical Pathways
Date
(pages 221-225)
Key Concepts
What is cellular respiration?
What happens during the process of glycolysis?
What are the two main types of fermentation?
Chemical Energy and Food (page 221)
1. What is a calorie? ____________________________________________________________
2. How many calories make up 1 Calorie?________________________________________
3. Cellular respiration begins with a pathway called
4. Is the following sentence true or false? Glycolysis releases a great amount of energy.
Overview of Cellular Respiration (page 222)
5. What is cellular respiration? ___________________________________________________
6. What is the equation for cellular respiration, using chemical formulas?
7. Label the three main stages of cellular respiration on the illustration of the complete
process.
Glucose
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall.
101
Name
Class
Date
8. What would be the problem if cellular respiration took place in just one step?
9. Where does glycolysis take place? _____________________________________________
10. Where do the Krebs cycle and electron transport take place?
Glycolysis
________________________
(page 223)
11. What is glycolysis? _________________________________________________________
12. How does the cell get glycolysis going? _________________________________________
13. If the cell uses 2 ATP molecules at the beginning of glycolysis, how does it end up
with a net gain of 2 ATP molecules? ____________________________________________
14. What is NAD+? ____________________________________________________________
15. What is the function of NAD+ in glycolysis? _____________________________________
16. Why can glycolysis supply energy to cells when oxygen is not available? ______________
17. What problem does a cell have when it generates large amounts of ATP from
glycolysis? ________________________________________________________________
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall.
102
Name
Fermentation
Class
Date
(pages 224-225)
18. What is fermentation? _______________________________________________________
19. How does fermentation allow glycolysis to continue? ______________________________
20. Because fermentation does not require oxygen, it is said to be
21. What are the two main types of fermentation?
22. What organisms use alcoholic fermentation? _____________________________________
23. What is the equation for alcoholic fermentation after glycolysis?
24. What happens to the small amount of alcohol produced in alcoholic fermentation during the
baking of bread?
25. What does lactic acid fermentation convert into lactic acid? _________________________
26. What is the equation for lactic acid fermentation after glycolysis?
27. During rapid exercise, how do your muscle cells produce ATP?
_____________________
Reading Skill Practice
When you read about complex topics, writing an outline can help you organize and understand
the material. Outline Section 9-1 by using the headings and subheadings as topics and subtopics
and then writing the most important details under each topic. Do your work below:
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Name
Class
Date
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis can be thought of as opposite processes.
Energy flows in opposite directions in the two processes.
Complete the table using the words below. Some cells have been
completed for you. Some words may be used more than once.
carbon dioxide
energy release
Photosynthesis
Function
energy capture
Location
chloroplasts
water
Cellular Respiration
glucose; oxygen
Reactants
Products
mitochondria
oxygen; glucose
Use the table to answer the questions.
1. Which process releases energy for the cell? Circle the correct answer.
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
2. For which reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 the correct equation?
Circle the correct answer.
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
3. How do the products of photosynthesis compare to the reactants of cellular
respiration?_______________________________________________________
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Name
Class
Date
Vocabulary Review
Matching In the space provided, write the letter of the definition
that best matches each term.
1. anaerobic
a. process that releases energy by
breaking down food in the presence of oxygen
2. aerobic
b. amount of energy needed to raise
the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C
c. chemical process that does not
3. calorie
require oxygen
d. chemical process that requires
oxygen
4. cellular respiration
Matching In the space provided, write the letter of the definition
that best matches each term.
______ 5. fermentation
6. glycolysis
7. Krebs cycle
8. NAD+
a. electron carrier of glycolysis
b. process that releases energy from
food molecules when no oxygen
is present
c. stage of cellular respiration in
which pyruvic acid is broken
down into carbon dioxide in
a series of energy-extracting
reactions
d. process in which glucose is
broken down into two molecules
of pyruvic acid