ARTICULATION - CONSONANT SOUND DEVELOPMENT
An Australian study identified ages by which 75% of children accurately start using consonants in single words.
SOUND
3;0
3;6
4;0
4;6
5;0
5;6
6;0
6;6
7;0
7;6
8;0
8;6
h
w
b
p
t
d
m
n
k
g
y
zh
ng
f
l
sh
ch
j
s
z
r
v
th (voiced)
th (voiceless)
Kilminster, M.G.E., & Laird, E.M. (1978) Articulation development in children ages three to nine years. Australian Journal of Human Communication
Disorders, 6, 23-30
ARTICULATION - INITIAL CONSONANT CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT
BLENDS
tw & kw
3;0
3;6
4;0
4;6
5;0
5;6
6;0
6;6
7;0
7;6
8;0
8;6
9;0
l - blends
r - blends
s – blends
(2 sounds)
s – blends
(3 sounds)
thr
Smit, A. B., Hand, L., Freilinger, J. J., Bernthal, J. E. and Bird, A. (1990). The Iowa Articulation norms project and its Nebraska Replication. Journal of
Speech and hearing Disorders, 55, 799-798.