OBJECTIVE
•Describe
the roles
that
carbohydrates,
fats, and proteins
play in your
body.
JOurnall
How was your weekend? What did you
do? Did you practice any of the lessons
you have learned thus far? What are you
doing this evening? Do you believe in
Halloween? What do you think
Halloween started out as being?
Quick Quiz Which of these statements are always true?
Which are sometimes true? Which are always false?
Foods that are high in calories are unhealthy.
You should avoid foods with sugars in them.
You should avoid fats in your diet.
Vegetarian diets are low in protein.
Snacking is bad for you.
For each of your responses, explain why you
gave the answer you did.
WORD OF THE DAY
•Nutrient
NUTRIENT
•A
substance in foods that
the body needs to
regulate bodily
functions, promote
growth, repair body
tissues, and obtain
energy.
8.1
NUTRITION
petersen
WHAT IS A NUTRIENT?
•
Nutrient - a substance in food that the
body needs to function. The body needs
nutrients to:
regulate bodily functions
• promote growth
• repair body tissues
• obtain energy
•
TYPES OF NUTRIENTS
•
There are 6 classes/types of nutrients:
carbohydrates
• fats
• proteins
• vitamins
• minerals
• water
● Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins can
all be used by the body as sources of
energy.
•
BODY
•
Metabolism • is the chemical process by which
your body breaks down food to
release this energy.
●
The amount of energy released
when nutrients are broken down is
measured in units called calories.
CHECK
•1
classification or type of
nutrient is…..
carbohydrates
• fats
• proteins
• vitamins
• minerals
• water
•
CHECK
●
The amount of energy released when
nutrients are broken down is measured in
units called __________.
•
Calories
CARBOHYDRATES
•
Carbohydrates –
• nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen that supply energy for your body’s
functions.
• 2 Types
• Simple carbohydrates
● Also known as sugars, provide quick
energy
• Complex carbohydrates
● Also known as starches and fiber
provide long energy
● made up of sugars that are linked
together chemically to form long
chains.
WHAT FOODS I GET CARBOHYDRATES
FROM?
•
Simple (sugars)
●
Sugars
•
•
Fruits
Vegetables
milk
Complex (starches and fiber)
●
Starches
•
●
Potatoes
Rice
tortillas
Fiber
•
•
Whole grain Bread
fruits
nuts
45 to 65 % of a person’s daily calorie intake come from
carbohydrates.
YOUR BODY’S ENERGY
RESERVES
At a meal, you usually eat more carbohydrates than
your body can immediately use.
The extra glucose is converted into a type of starch
called glycogen.
If you eat so many carbohydrates that the body’s
glycogen stores are full, then the excess
carbohydrates are stored as fat instead.
CHECK
●
The 2 types of carbohydrates are….
Simple (sugars)
• Complex (starches and fiber)
•
FATS
•
Fats –
• nutrients made of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen that supply
energy for your body’s functions.
•
The body needs fats to
● supply energy
● form your cells
● maintain body temperature
● protect your nerves.
TYPES OF FATS
•
Unsaturated Fats
●
●
●
●
have at least one unsaturated bond
in a place where hydrogen can be
added
usually liquid at room temperature.
classified as either
• monounsaturated fats or
• polyunsaturated fats.
Sources
• Vegetable Oils (olive and canola)
• Nuts and seeds (peanuts)
• seafood
TYPES OF FATS
•
Saturated fats
● Fats that have all the hydrogen they
can hold
• usually solid at room temperature
• Too much in your diet can lead to
heart disease.
● Sources
• Animal Fat
• Butter
• Cheese
•
20 to 35 % of your calories come from fat, primarily
unsaturated fat.
CHECK
●
The body needs fat to….
● energy
● form
your cells
● maintain body temperature
● protect your nerves
WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
•
Cholesterol –
● a waxy, fatlike substance that is
found only in animal products.
● Your body needs cholesterol to
• make cell membranes
• make nerve tissue
• make certain hormones
● too much cholesterol can lead to
blockages in blood vessels and
damage the heart
PROTEIN
•
Proteins ● Nutrients that contain as well as carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
● The most important function of
proteins is
• growth of body tissues.
• repair of body tissues
WHERE DOES PROTEIN COME
FROM??
•
Proteins are long chains of smaller “links”
that are bound together called Amino Acids
● The proteins in your body are made up of
20 Amino Acids
• 9 of the 20 Amino Acids cannot be
made by the body
● They must come from food.
• The 9 Amino Acids are called Essential
Amino Acids
TYPES OF PROTEIN
•
Complete Protein – contains all 9 essential amino
acids
●
Found in
•
•
•
Meat (chicken, beef, pork)
Fish
Incomplete Protein – does not contain all 9
essential amino acids
●
Found in
•
•
plant productions (beans, rice)
10 to 35% of a person’s daily calorie intake should
come from Protein
CHECK
•
The proteins in your body are made up of
_______ Amino Acids
● 20
CHECK
●
The smaller “links” that form proteins are
called….
● Amino
acids
EXIT QUESTION
Choose one of the following
nutrients
(Carbohydrates, Fats or Proteins)
And describe their role or function in
our body.
•
•
Use specific details from your notes.