CHEMISTRY 12 – ACID/BASE PROPERTIES, NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS & BRÖNSTEDLOWRY WORKSHEET
1) Match each species on the left with the property on the right. (12 marks)
Species
Acid
Base
Neither
Both
Property
C, E, G, K
A, B, I
H, J
D, F, L
A.
Have a slippery feeling
B.
The ability to neutralize CH3COOH
C.
Turns litmus red
D.
Contains ions
E.
The ability to react with Zn to produce H2 (g)
F.
Conduct electric current in solution
G.
Releases H+ in solution
H.
Feel slippery and react with Mg to produce H2 (g)
I.
Releases OH- in solution
J.
Turns litmus red and neutralizes HCl
K.
A sour taste
L.
Causes neutral litmus to change colour
2) List two ways an experimenter could safely distinguish between an acid and base and explain what
the results would be in each case. (4 marks)
Use litmus paper (1 mark) – acids would turn the litmus paper red, while bases would turn the litmus
paper blue (1 mark)
Add a metal such as zinc (1 mark) – acids would react with the metal to produce bubbles of H2 (g)
while bases would not react (1 mark)
3) Define Arrhenius acid. (1 mark)
Any substance that dissociates in water releasing H+
4) Define Arrhenius base. (1 mark)
Any substance that dissociates in water releasing OH5) Write the following neutralization reactions: (14 marks)
(a) HClO4 reacts with Ca(OH)2
2 HClO4 + Ca(OH)2 ! 2 H2O + Ca(ClO4)2
(b) H2SO4 reacts with Al(OH)3
3 H2SO4 + 2 Al(OH)3 ! 6 H2O + Al2(SO4)3
(c) HBr reacts with Ca(OH)2
2 HBr + Ca(OH)2 ! 2 H2O + CaBr2
(d) Sr(OH)2 reacts with HCN
Sr(OH)2 + 2 HCN ! 2 H2O + Sr(CN)2
(e) Nitric acid reacts with magnesium hydroxide
2 HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 ! 2 H2O + Mg(NO3)2
(f) HNO2 reacts with LiOH
HNO2 + LiOH ! H2O + LiNO2
(g) H3C6H5O7 reacts with NaOH
H3C6H5O7 + 3 NaOH ! 3 H2O + Na3C6H5O7
(h) HCl reacts with Pb(OH)4
4 HCl + Pb(OH)4 ! 4 H2O + PbCl4
(i) Sulphuric acid reacts with radium hydroxide
H2SO4 + Ra(OH)2 ! 2 H2O + RaSO4
(j) H3PO4 reacts with Sn(OH)4
4 H3PO4 + 3 Sn(OH)4 ! 12 H2O + Sn3(PO4)4
(k) HNO3 reacts with Ba(OH)2
2 HNO3 + Ba(OH)2 ! 2 H2O + Ba(NO3)2
(l) H2SO4 reacts with Al(OH)3
3 H2SO4 + 2 Al(OH)3 ! 6 H2O + Al2(SO4)3
(m) CH3COOH reacts with Mg(OH)2
2 CH3COOH + Mg(OH)2 ! 2 H2O + Mg(CH3COO)2
(n) H3PO4 reacts with LiOH
H3PO4 + 3 LiOH ! 3 H2O + Li3PO4
6) Define Brönsted-Lowry acid. (1 mark)
A substance that donates a proton to another substance
7) Define Brönsted-Lowry base. (1 mark)
A substance that accepts a proton from another substance
8) Write balanced equations showing the reaction of the following weak acids with water: (8 marks)
(a) H2C6H6O6
(e) H3BO3
(b) C6H5OH
(f) HPO42-
(c) CH3COOH
(g) NH4+
(d) HCO3-
(h) H2O2
9) Write balanced equations showing the reaction of the following weak bases with water: (8 marks)
(a) F-
(e) HC6H5O72-
(b) HPO42-
(f) CN-
(c) CH3NH2
(g) N2H4
(d) NH3
(h) C2O42-
10) Identify the conjugate acid of the following: (4 marks)
(a) PO43-
HPOF
(c) HAsO42-
TKASOI
(b) H2BO3-
H3B03
(d) H2O
Hzot
11) Identify the conjugate base of the following: (4 marks)
(a) HCN
(b) H2C5H5O7-
CN
HPAF
(c) H2PO4-
-
HCSHSOP
OH
(d) H2O
-
12) Circle the Brönsted-Lowry acids in the following equilibria: (4 marks)
(a) HS- + H3BO3
H2BO3- + H2S
(c) HC2O4- + HSO4-
C6H5NH3+ + OH-
(b) C6H5NH2 + H2O
H2C2O4 + SO42-
(d) NO2- + H2SO3
HSO3- + HNO2
13) Circle the Brönsted-Lowry bases in the following equilibria: (4 marks)
(a) HSO3- + H2PO4-
SO32- + H3PO4
(b) HC2O4- + H2BO3-
9)
(a)
H3BO3 + C2O42-
TH
HIN
}
→←
CN
.
OR
Write the Brönsted-Lowry acid-base equation for the reaction between HNO2 and C2O42-. (1 mark)
C£F→←
HSOA
NOI
(b)
Hcaoi
+
Write a conjugate acid-base pair from the equation above. (1 mark)
OR
HC2O5&
GOP
.
B
A
B
A
(a)
B
A
HNO2& NOZ
11)
NHI
+
NHa+&NH3
+
(b)
H2CO3 + OH-
'
B
A
(a)
(d) HCO3- + H2O
Write a conjugate acid-base pair from the equation above. (1 mark)
HCNRCN
10)
HPO42- + H2CO3
Write the Brönsted-Lowry acid-base equation for the reaction between HCN and NH3. (1 mark)
+
(b)
(c) H2PO4- + HCO3-
Write the balanced equation representing the reaction of H2S with H2O. (1 mark)
A
B
Has
Hoo
+
7
HS
-
+
Hat
Identify the Brönsted-Lowry acids in the above equation. (1 mark)
Has
&
Hat
12)
(a)
Write the balanced equation representing the reaction of IO3- with H2O. (1 mark)
+
(b)
HIO
185
(a)
OH
+
Harks
→←
Has
OR
Haso
+
03
&
}
HSO5
B
A
B
A
In an acid-base reaction, the two Brönsted-Lowry acids are hydrofluoric acid (HF) and the hydrogen
sulphite ion (HSO3-). Write the equation for this reaction. (2 marks)
+5057
Hsos
HF
B
A
15)
'
Write a conjugate acid-base pair from the equation above. (1 mark)
H3B0}&H2B05
14)
'
Write the acid-base equation for the reaction between H3BO3 and HSO3-. (1 mark)
H£5
43603
(b)
OH
+
Identify the Brönsted-Lowry bases in the above equation. (1 mark)
105 &
13)
His
→←
+
FB
A
In an acid-base reaction, the two Brönsted-Lowry bases are HC2O4- and H2BO3-. Write the equation for
this reaction. (2 marks)
Hcaoi
B
+
H3B9→←
H2BO5
A
B
+
H2G04
A