Ch 21 G12 CoreI- Choose the best answer, then
transfer your answers to page (1) [32 marks; 2 each]
1. What characteristic do all aromatic hydrocarbons share?
A.
They all have a benzene ring structure in the molecule
B.
They all have the same molecular formula
C.
They all have carbon and hydrogen only
D.
They all have the same boiling point
E.
All the above
2. Which of the following is an aromatic compound?
A.
C3H6
B.
C5H6
C.
C6H6
D.
C6H12
E.
C6H14
3. Carcinogens are substances that cause___________ to people
who are exposed regularly to them.
4.
A.
blindness
B.
cancer
C.
unconsciousness
D.
heart problems
E.
respiratory problems
Which of the following best compares the structural formula of cyclohexane with
benzene?
A.
Cyclohexane has six hydrogen atoms more than benzene
B.
Cyclohexane has six hydrogen atoms less than benzene
C.
All C-atoms in cyclohexane are bonded with
D.
All C-atoms in benzene are bonded with two hydrogen atoms
E.
Both have the same general formula
three hydrogen atoms
5. From the diagram, what is the relationship between boiling
point and molecular size
(number of C-atoms) for
hydrocarbons?
A.
There is no obvious relationship
B.
The smaller the molecule, the lower the boiling point
C.
The smaller the molecule, the higher the boiling point
D.
The larger the molecule, the lower the boiling point
E.
All large molecules have the same boiling point
6. Which statement describes cracking process?
A.
It takes place in the presence of O2
B.
It takes place in the absence of a catalyst
C.
It produces starting materials to synthesize ammonia
D.
It produces starting materials to produce chemicals
E.
It converts heavier hydrocarbon fractions to gasoline
7. What do all organic compounds contain?
A.
Carbon
B.
Hydrogen
C.
Oxygen
D.
Water
E.
Nitrogen
8. Which structural formulas represent geometric isomers?
I.
II.
III.
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II, and III
E.
None of the above
9. What is the name of the compound whose skeletal formula is
shown below?
A.
2-butyl-2-ethylbutane
B.
2,2,3-trimethylpentane
C.
2,2,3-trimethyl-3-ethylpentane
D.
3-ethyl-3,4,4-trimethylpentane
E.
2,2-dimethy, 3-diethyl, 3-methylpropane
10. Which of the following compounds is alkene?
A.
C6H6
B.
C6H10
C.
C6H12
D.
C6H14
E.
C7H16
11. What characteristic of carbon accounts for the large variety of
hydrocarbon compounds?
A.
Carbon is able to form four strong ionic bonds with other elements
B.
Carbon is able to form eight strong covalent bonds with other elements
C.
Carbon is able to form four strong covalent bonds with other elements
D.
Carbon is able to form four strong hydrogen bonds with other elements
E.
Carbon is the most abundant element on earth
12. Which hydrocarbons are arranged in a ring in which carbon
atoms form ONLY single bonds?
A.
Aromatic
B.
Cycloalkene
C.
Cycloalkyne
D.
Cycloalkane
E.
Alkane
13. Which model can be used to represent hydrocarbon molecules?
I. Structural formula
II. Molecular formula
III. Space-filling
I only
A.
B.
II only
C.
I and II only
D.
I and III only
E.
I, II, and III
14. Which of the following molecular substances has the lowest
melting point?
A.
C4H4
B.
C4H6
C.
C4H8
D.
C4H10
E.
C4H12
15. The condensed structural formula for 1-butyne
is______________.
A.
CH C  CCH
3
3



 CHCH2CH3
B.
CH2
C.

CH 
 CCH2CH3
D.

CH3C 
 CH
E.
CH 
 CH(CH2)2CH3
16.
hat physical property of petroleum compounds is used to separate them during fractional distillation?
A.
Solubility in water
B.
Melting point
C.
Density
D.
Molar mass
E.
Boiling point
II- Answer the following questions.
[52 marks]
17. Write the balanced chemical equations for the complete combustion of the following:
(6 marks)
a)
ethyne
b)
butane
18. Draw TWO isomers for the following:
a) Alkane with the molecular formula C6H14. Show only the
carbon chains.
(4 marks)
b) The structures of -3-hexene ( cis- and trans-).
(4 marks)
19. Complete the following table to contrast between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
(12 marks; 2 each)
Saturated Hydrocarbon
Carbon-Carbon bond
Solubility in water
Boiling point
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
20. Name the structures
(12 marks; 2 each)
a)
shown
using
IUPAC
b)
Name
c)
d)
Name
Br
e)
f)
Name
Draw the structural formula for each of the following.
(14 marks; 2 each)
1,2-dichloroethene
rules.
1,1,2,-trimethylcyclohexane
1,2-dimethylcyclopropane
2-methyl-1-propene
a.
benzene
b.
2,2-dimethyl-3-hexyne
c. 2-bromo-1-propene
III-Answer
[16 marks]
the
following
questions.
22. Explain why benzene is NOT considered as an alkene with several bonds.
(3 marks)
23. Do the following structural formulas represent the same molecule? Explain.
(4 marks)
24. Which is more reactive; 2-propene or 2-propyne? Explain.
(3 marks)
25. Name two natural resources of hydrocarbons.
(3 marks; 1.5 each)
26. What happens when you try to dissolve butane in water?
Explain.
(3 marks)
I-Choose the best answer.
1. Which model can be used to represent hydrocarbon molecules?
Ball and stick
A.
B.
Molecular formula
C.
Space- filling
D.
Structural formula
E.
All the above
2. What is the main characteristic of organic compounds?
They all contain carbon and hydrogen atoms
A.
B.
They all contain carbon
[6marks
3.
4.
C.
They all have high boiling point
D.
They all exist in liquid state
E.
They all occurred naturally
The general formula of alkanes is_________________________.
A.
CnH2n+1
B.
CnH2n-2
C.
CnHn+2
D.
CnH2n
E.
CnH2n+2
Which bond arrangement describes how many electrons are shared between the
TWO carbon atoms in hydrocarbon compounds?
Fig.
Fig.
5.
I
Fig.
II
III
A.
Fig I only
B.
Fig II only
C.
Fig III only
D.
Fig II and Fig
E.
Figures I, II, and III
III only
The process of fractional distillation involves boiling crude
oil in order to _________________.
A.
increase its stored energy
B.
separate it into its usable components
C.
create petroleum oil
D.
change its viscosity
E.
produce natural gas
6. Which statement describes cracking process?
A.
It converts heavier fractions to gasoline
B.
It takes place in the absence of O2 and in the presence of a catalyst
C.
It produces starting materials to synthesize plastic products
D.
It produces starting materials to produce synthetic fabrics
E.
All the above
II.
Answer the following questions.
[ 14 marks]
7.
Give the IUPAC name of the following structures.
(1mark each)
Cl
_____________________________________
_______________________________________________
Br
___________________________________________
_____________________________________________
8. Draw the condensed structural formulas for:
(1mark each)
a.
2-chloro-3-methyl cyclopropane
b. 1,2,3-trichloromethane
c.
Methylcyclohexane
9. Write the condensed formula of an alkane having 4 carbon
atoms.
(1mark)
10. What happens when you try to dissolve butane in water?
Explain your answer.
(1mark)
11. Referring to the table below, although the molecular mass of
water is close to the molecular mass of methane, how would
you explain the great difference in boiling points of methane
and water?
(2marks)
Comparing Physical properties
Substance and formula
Water [ H2O ]
Molecular mass
18 amu
State at room
Liquid
temperature
Boiling point
100C
Melting point
0C
Methane [ CH4 ]
16 amu
gas
162C
182C
12. Name two natural resources of hydrocarbons.
(2marks; 1each)
13. What characteristic of carbon accounts for the large variety of
organic compounds?
(1mark)
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____
1. Saturated hydrocarbons react with bromine.
____
2. Homologs have the same molecular formula.
____
3. Geometric isomers have only single bonds.
____
4. A branched hydrocarbon has at least one branch of carbon atoms
extending from the parent chain.
____
5. Propyne is less reactive than propane.
____
6. Optical isomers have at least one chiral carbon atom.
____
7. An isobutane has a carbon branch atom extending from the second
carbon atom of the chain.
____
8. Sunflower oil reacts with bromine and therefore contains saturated
hydrocarbons.
____
9. L-glucose and D-glucose are isomers of each other.
____ 10. Cyclopropane is a hydrocarbon that has three carbons in a straight chain.
____ 11. Straight chain hydrocarbons do not have the prefix, cyclo, since all the
carbons atoms are in the form of a straight chain.
____ 12. The molecular formula of optical isomers are the same.
____ 13. The use of the prefix “di” indicates the presence of two substituents of
the same type.
____ 14. Substances that can cause cancer are called carcinogens.
____ 15. The aromatic compound formed as a by-product of burning wood and
coal and which causes cancer of the scrotum is benzopyrene.
____ 16. An optically active compound has an asymmetric atom.
____ 17. Alkanes are compounds with carbon and hydrogen joined by double or
triple bonds.
____ 18. Alkanes are the simplest types of hydrocarbons.
____ 19. The isobutane given below is an example of a branched-chain
hydrocarbon.
____ 20. The IUPAC name of
is 2-ethyl butane.
____ 21. The structure of 3-ethyl-2,2,3,4-tetramethylpentane is
.
____ 22. Cyclohexane is a cyclic hydrocarbon having six carbon atoms in a
straight chain.
____ 23. Sunflower oil is a vegetable oil that reacts with bromine. Therefore, it
contains unsaturated hydrocarbons.
____ 24. Propyne is more reactive than propane.
____ 25. The IUPAC name of
is
3-methyl-3-hexene.
____ 26. D-glucose and L-glucose are optical isomers.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 27. _____ have double bonds.
a. alkanes
b. alkenes
c. alkynes
d. metals
____ 28. _____ have single bonds.
a. alkanes
b. alkenes
c. alkynes
d. metals
____ 29. Which of the following is NOT an isomer of hexane?
a. 2-methylpentane
c. 2,3-dimethylbutane
b. 2,2-dimethylbutane
d. 2-methyl-2-ethylbutane
____ 30. _____ bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons.
a. ionic
c. nonpolar
b. polar
d. metallic
____ 31. How are 3-methylheptane,3,3-dimethylhexane and
2-ethyl-4-methylpentane related to each other?
a. They are homologous.
c. They are optical isomers.
b. They are structural isomers.
d. They are geometric isomers.
____ 32. The covalent bond in alkanes is:
a. ionic
b. polar
c. nonpolar
d. metallic
____ 33. _____ bonds are found in metals only.
a. ionic
c. nonpolar
b. polar
d. metallic
____ 34. _____ covalent bonds are formed in compounds in which the difference
in electronegativity is high.
a. ionic
c. nonpolar
b. polar
d. metallic
____ 35. _____ have triple bonds.
a. alkanes
b. alkenes
c. alkynes
d. metals
____ 36. Which compound has an asymmetric carbon atom?
a. 2,2-dimethylpentane
c. 1-hexane
b. 2,3,4-trimethylhexane
d. 2,2-dimethylpropane
____ 37. In trans-3-hexene, two ethyl groups are on the _____ side(s) of the
double bond.
a. same
c. opposite
b. different
d. lateral
____ 38. The number of different groups attached to an asymmetric carbon is
_____.
a. 1
c. 3
b. 2
d. 4
____ 39. In aromatic compounds, the position of the double bond is _____.
a. fixed
c. vertical
b. not fixed
d. horizontal
____ 40. The molecular formals of hydrocarbons in a gasoline fraction range from
C5H12 to:
a. C6H14
c. C10H22
b. C8H18
d. C12H26
____ 41. The molecular formula of octane is:
a. C2H6
c. C6H14
b. C4H10
d. C8H18
____ 42. Which compound would show geometrical isomerism to the structure
shown?
a. 1-pentane
b. 3-methyl-1-butyne
c. 3-methylbutane
d. 2-pentane
____ 43. How many electrons are shared between carbon atoms in ethene?
a. 1
c. 3
b. 2
d. 4
____ 44. How many electrons are shared between carbon atoms in ethyne?
a. 1
c. 3
b. 2
d. 4
____ 45. The general formula for _____ is CnH2n.
a. alkanes
c. alkynes
b. alkenes
d. aromatic compounds
____46.
The correct IUPAC name of the compound
is ____.
a. 3,4-dimethylpentane
b. 2,3-dimethylbutane
c. 2,3-dimethylpentane
d. 2,2,3-dimethylbutane
____ 47. The structure of 3-ethyl-5,7-dimethyl-5-propylnonane is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 48. Name the cycloalkane given below.
a. 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane
b. 1,2,4-dimethylcyclopentane
c. 1,2,4-trimethylcyclopentane
d. 1,3,5-trimethylcyclopentane
____ 49. The correct structural formula of
1,2-diethyl-2,3-dimethyl-6-propylcyclooctane is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 50. What is the nature of a covalent bond in alkanes?
a. Ionic
c. Nonpolar covalent
b. Polar covalent
d. Metallic
____ 51. The correct condensed structure of a compound having the IUPAC name
6-ethyl-6,7-dimethyl-2,4-dioctyne is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ 52. Which is NOT an isomer of hexane?
a. 2-methylpentane
c. 2,3-dimethylbutane
b. 2,2-dimethylbutane
d. 2-methyl-2-ethylbutane
____ 53. How are 3-methylheptane,3,3-dimethylhexane and
2-ethyl-4-methylpentane related to each other?
a. They are geometric isomers.
c. They are structural isomers.
b. They are homologous.
d. They are optical isomers.
____ 54. Which compound would show geometrical isomerism?
a. 1-pentene
c. 3-methylbutane
b. 3-methyl-1-butyne
d. 2-pentene
____ 55. Which compound has an asymmetric carbon atom?
a. 2,2-dimethylpentane
c. 1-hexane
b. 2,3,4-trimethylhexane
d. 2,2-dimethylpropane
Completion
Complete each statement.
56. The structure of 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane is ____________________.
57. The IUPAC name of a compound represented by the line structure
is ____________________.
58. The IUPAC name of
____________________.
is
59. In trans-3-hexene, two ethyl groups are on the ____________________
sides of the double bond.
60. The number of different groups attached to an asymmetric carbon atom
is ____________________.
61. In aromatic compounds, the position of the double bond is
____________________.
62. The IUPAC name of
is ____________________.
63. Substances that can cause cancer are called ____________________.
64. The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound formed as a by-product of
the burning wood and coal and which causes cancer of the scrotum is
____________________.
65. The molecular formulas of hydrocarbons in a gasoline fraction range
from
to ____________________.
66. The molecular formula of octane is ____________________.
Short Answer
67. Give the IUPCA name for the following structure.
68. Give the IUPAC name of the following structure.
69. Give the IUPAC name of the following structure.
70. Name the cycloalkane.
71. What is the IUPAC name of the represented compound?
72. Give the IUPAC name of the following structure.
73. Identify the class of hydrocarbons to which the following structure
belongs.
74. Is the given compound optically active or optically inactive?
75. Is the given compound a cis- or trans- isomer?
76. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?
77. Write the molecular formula of an alkane having five carbons atoms.
78. Write the condensed structural formula of an alkane having five carbon
atoms.
79. Describe why butane is used as a domestic fuel.
80. Use line structures to draw the condensed structural formulas for:
a.
1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylcyclopropane
b.
1,2-diethyl-1-methylcyclobutane
c.
3,5-diethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1-propylcyclohexane
81. Alkenes are hydrocarbons which are represented by the general formula
. Write the molecular formula of an alkene that has four carbon
atoms. Draw all the isomers possible by this formula and write the
IUPAC name of all the isomers.
82. Determine the total number of asymmetric carbon atom(s) present in the
compound given below.
Problem
83. Write the IUPAC name of the following structure:
84. Draw the structure of 3,4,6-triethyl-5-methyloctane.
85. How many electrons are shared between the carbon atoms in ethene and
ethyne? Draw their Lewis structures and calculate.
86. a.
b.
Find the molecular formula of alkenes having five and eight
carbon atoms.
Write the condensed structural formulas for these alkenes by
putting a double bond between the first and second carbon atom of
the longest carbon atom chain.
87. A hydrocarbon has a formula
. Identify the class of hydrocarbons
to which it belongs. Also draw its condensed structural formula. If it is
an alkene or an alkyne, use the double or triple bond at the first carbon of
the longest chain.
88. Draw the structure of the compounds:
a.
3,4-dimethyl-1-cyclobutene
b.
3-ethyl-2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-5-propyl-2,4,6-trinonene
89. Label the given compound as optically active or optically inactive.
J
|
Z–C–T
|
E
90. Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:
91. Determine whether the given compound is a cis-or trans-isomer.
F
F
A
A
92. Determine the IUPAC name of the following structure:
Essay
93. Alkanes are compounds of carbon and hydrogen.
a
Write the molecular formula of an alkane having five carbon
atoms.
b
Write the condensed structural formula of an alkane having five
carbon atoms.
c
Write all of the structural formulas of branched-chain alkane with
the molecular formula from part a.
94. The alkanes are the simplest types of hydrocarbons.
a
Why is butane used as a domestic fuel?
b
What happens when you try to dissolve butane in water?
c
Why is butane less reactive in nature?
95. Alkane, alkene, and alkyne are various types of hydrocarbons.
a
Separate the alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes from the following list:
b
Name the hydrocarbon that burns with oxygen and is used in
welding.
c
Which hydrocarbon is used in the manufacture of plastic and
artificial ripening of food?
96. Petroleum is the main source of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
a.
What is fractional distillation?
b.
How is cracking done?
I-Choose the best answer
1. Which model can be used to represent hydrocarbon molecules?
A.
Ball and stick
B.
Molecular formula
C.
Space- filling
D.
All the above
[7.5 marks, 1.5
2. What is the main characteristic of organic compounds?
3.
_.
A.
They all contain carbon
C.
They all have high boiling point
D.
They all exist in liquid state
E.
They all occurred naturally
The general formula of alkanes is
A.
CnH2n+1
B.
CnH2n-2
C.
CnHn+2
D.
CnH2n+2
T2 Chemistry Project
4.
G12 Core
Which bond arrangement describes how many electrons are shared between the TWO
Carbon atoms in hydrocarbon compounds?
Fig.
I
Fig. II
5.
.
Fig. III
A.
Fig I only
B.
Fig II only
C.
Fig III only
D.
Figures I, II, and III
The process of fractional distillation involves boiling crude oil in order to
A.
increase its stored energy
B.
separate it into its usable components
C.
create petroleum oil
D.
change its viscosity
II- Solve the following problems:
1. Write the condensed formula of an alkane having 4 carbon atoms.
[2marks]
T2 Chemistry Project
2. Name two natural resources of hydrocarbons.
3. Explain why carbon can form many organic compounds?
G12 Core
[2 mark]
[1.5 marks]
III-Answer the following questions
A. Draw the structural formula of each of the following alkanes:
a. C6H12
b. Heptane
[2 marks]
T2 Chemistry Project
B.
G12 Core
Compare between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
[2 marks]
Saturated
Unsaturated
C. Write the name of the following hydrocarbons.
[2 marks]
1.
…………………………………………………
2.
...............................................................................................