2/12/2013
Medical Spanish
Level 1
Lesson 1
Lesson 1
February 13, 2013
Course created and taught by
Saturnino “Nino” Rodriguez, Ph.D
[email protected]
Attendance Policy
Live and/or online attendance to at least 75% of classes (Expected)
Online participants login using 1st Initial, last name
Classroom participants must sign classroom sign-in sheet.
Previous weeks recording and handouts are available at scs.msu.edu
Online Access
Online access available @ scs.msu.edu
All lecture handouts notes (new & old) are available at scs.msu.edu
Certificates Are Awarded at the End of Course
Students must pass a 2-part assessment on cultural intelligence & language skills.
More information on the assessment will be provided during a future class period.
Books
Joanna Rios & Jose Fernandez Torres. McGraw-Hill's Complete Medical Spanish,
Second Edition, McGraw Hill, 2010. ($17) 1st edition may also be used
Are available at the following websites:
http://search.barnesandnoble.com/
http://www.amazon.com
What we will learn
• To greet and introduce yourself
• Singular and plural
• Masculine and feminine nouns (person, place and thing).
d hi )
• To form singular and plural forms of the definite article (the) and indefinite articles (a, an, one).
1
2/12/2013
What we will learn
• To ask: – “what seems to be the problem?”
– “What hurts?”
– “Where does it hurt?”
• To say:
–
–
–
–
–
“I need”
“You need”
“We need”
“They need”
“What/where you need to?”
Saludos‐ Greetings
•
•
•
•
•
Buenos días‐ Good morning
Buenas tardes‐ Good afternoon
B
h G
d
i /
d i ht
Buenas noches‐
Good evening/ good night
Mucho gusto‐ Nice to meet you
Darse la mano‐ shake hands
The alphabet
Before moving on, we have to start with the basics of Spanish. One of those helpful necessities is the alphabet (el alfabeto, el abecedario)
• The most important sounds to remember are the vowels:
– A (ahh) – E (ehh) – I (eee)
– O (oh)
– U (oo)
In Spanish, the vowel sounds are fairly constant. There are no long vowels or short vowels. If you can pronounce the Spanish sounds for a‐e‐i‐o‐u, you can pronounce any Spanish word very easily.
2
2/12/2013
Using your new sounds
• A (ahh) anemia alergia
asma
• E (ehh) edema epilepsia esquizofrenia
• I (eee) infección insomnio sífilis • O (ohh) vómito oxígeno doctor
• U (oo) Úlcera pus urticaria Spanish Sounds
• Spanish letter
•
•
•
•
•
C before an e or i
G before an e or i
H hombre
J
Il
English Sound
S cerebral
h general
silent
h jeringa
y tobillo
Spanish Sounds
• ñ ny migraña
• qu
k esquizofrenia
• rr
rolled “r” gonorréa
• v
b vómito
• z s Gonzales
3
2/12/2013
Other letters in Spanish sound similar to English
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
b bronquitis
c cáncer
f fiebre
l leucemia
m músculo
p pulmones
r respiración
s sangre
t temperatura
x asfixia
Spelled the same but pronounced differently •
•
•
•
•
•
•
Abdomen (ahb‐doh‐mehn)
Dental (dehn‐tahl)
Doctor (dohk‐tohr)
Epidermis (eh‐pee‐dehr‐mmees)
Saliva (sah‐lee‐bah)
Tendón (tehn‐dohn)
Vertebral (behr‐the‐brahl)
Práctica‐ Practice
Sonido de las vocales‐vowel sounds
•
•
•
•
•
•
¡Pase! ¡Siéntese!
Su
Soy
Doctor/a
Enfermero/a
Come in
Sit down
yours, his, hers
I am
Doctor
Nurse
4
2/12/2013
Práctica‐ Practice
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Señor, Señora
Mr., Mrs.
Señorita
Miss (Ms.)
¿Cómo está?
How are you?
Estoy bien, gracias. I am fine, thank you.
¿Y usted?
And you?
¿Cómo se llama?
What is your (his/her) name?
Me llamo….
My name is….
Soy la doctora Ramos I am doctor Ramos
Soy José, su enfermero I am José, your nurse. Mucho gusto
Nice to meet you
Nouns: gender and number
All nouns (person, place, or things) are either masculine or feminine. There is no method to determine logically to which gender they b l
belong, but most nouns are derived from b t
t
d i df
either Latin or Greek. A general rule of thumb is if the noun (thing) ends in –a, it is generally feminine. If the noun ends in –o it is generally masculine. Nouns: gender and number
The following are feminine nouns. They often end in –a and take the definite article la. La is the feminine form for the word the. ‐ La pastilla
‐ La casa
‐ La cerveza
‐ La venda
‐ La enfermera
‐ The pill
‐The house
‐ The beer
‐The bandage
‐The nurse
5
2/12/2013
Nouns: gender and number
The following nouns are masculine. They often end in –o and take the word or definite article el. El is the masculine form for the word the.
El vaso
‐ The cup
The cup
‐ El vaso
‐El dinero
‐ The money
‐ El martillo
‐ The hammer
‐El termómetro
‐The thermometer
‐ El doctor
‐ The doctor
Nouns referring to people
• Nouns referring to people reflect gender by changing a final –o to –a (i.e. chico‐ chica, and amigo‐ amiga); or adding –a to a final consonant
consonant (i.e. profesor
(i e profesor‐ profesora)
profesora).
Changing singular nouns to their plural form.
• La = “the” feminine singular
• Las= “the” feminine plural
Feminine words generally end in –a. To form the plural, add –s.
L
La enfermera
f
– Las enfermeras
L
f
‐La receta (prescription) ______________
‐La cerveza (beer) _______________
‐La medicina (medicine) ________________
‐ La venda ( bandage) _________________
6
2/12/2013
Changing singular nouns to their plural form.
• El =“the” masculine singular
• Los = “the” masculine plural
Masculine words generally end in –o. To form the plural, add –s. el helado‐‐‐ los helados
‐el carro (car) _____________
‐el termómetro (thermometer) ______________
‐el gotero (dropper) __________________
‐el enfermero (nurse) ____________
Changing singular nouns to their plural form.
If a noun ends in –e add –s to the form of the plural.
‐el paciente
p
(p
(patient))
‐la madre (mother)
‐el padre (father)
‐el nombre(name)
‐el trámite (paperwork, red tape)
‐ La calle (street)
‐ _____
_____ paciente____
p
____
‐ _____ madre_____
‐ _____ padre______
‐ _____nombre_____
‐_____trámite______
‐_____calle_______
Changing singular nouns to their plural form.
If a noun ends in a consonant, add –es to form the plural.
‐ La irritación‐‐‐‐‐ las irritaciones
‐La inyección (injection)
‐El pulmón (lung)
‐La infección (infection)
‐El frijol (bean)
‐La mujer (women)
‐____ inyeccion____
‐____pulmon_____
‐____infeccion____
‐____frijol_____
‐____mujer_____
7
2/12/2013
Changing singular nouns to their plural form.
Indefinite articles also change to agree with nouns in number (singular or plural) and gender (feminine or masculine). Singular
Una =a, an, one (f.)
Un = a, an, one (m.)
Plural
unas= some (f.)
unos = some (m.)
Una enfermera ‐‐‐‐‐‐ unas enfermeras
Un doctor ‐‐‐‐‐‐ unos doctores
Práctica Ejemplo: una aguja ‐‐‐‐‐ unas agujas
(needle)
y
1. una inyección‐‐‐‐
______
______inyeccion_____
y
_____
2. una infección‐‐‐
______infeccion_____
3. una clínica‐‐‐
______clínica______
4. un suero (serum)‐‐‐ ______suero_____
Chief complaint
After greeting the patient, you often need to ascertain the chief complaint by asking “What seems to be the problem?” or “What brings you here today?”
• ¿Qué molestias tiene?
What seems to be the problem?, What brings you here today? (literally, what discomforts do you have?)
8
2/12/2013
Chief complaint
• Me duele
• Me duele el brazo
• Me duele la pierna.
• ¿Le duele?
¿L d l ?
• ¿Qué le duele?
• ¿Dónde le duele?
It hurts me. My arm hurts. (lit. The
arm is painful to me.)
My leg hurts. (lit. The
leg is painful to me.)
D
Does
it hurt
h t you? (lit. Is
? (lit I
it painful to you?)
What hurts you? (lit. What is painful to you?
Where does it hurt? (lit. where is it painful
to you?)
Práctica‐ Practice
• DOCTOR(A)/ ENFERMERO(A): Buenoa días, Señor (a) Gómez. Soy el doctor (la doctora) Pérez. (Soy Bob/Sandra, su enfermero(a).)
• PACIENTE: ¡Mucho gusto! (Both shake hands).
• DOCTOR (A)/ENERMERO(A): Muy bien, Juana. ¡Páse y siéntese, por favor!
• PACIENTE: Gracias, doctor(a).
To end a patient interview:
¡Qué le vaya bien!
May it go well for you (loosely)
Hasta una semana.
Until one week.
Nos vemos en una semana. We’ll see you in one week.
Cuídese mucho Señor(a) Gomez. Take good care of yourself, Mr. (Mrs.) Gomez.
To reassure patients:
• No se preocupe
Don’t worry.
•
•
•
•
9
2/12/2013
Hispanics or Latinos in the USA
Hispanic or Latino in the USA :
2000
2010
35,305,818 50,477,594
•
•
•
•
Mexican Puerto Rican
Cuban
Other Hispanic or Latino Medical Spanish
Level 1
Lesson 1
Lesson 1
Course created and taught by
Saturnino “Nino” Rodriguez, Ph.D
[email protected]
10