AP US History
Mr. Blackmon
Multiple Choice Questions Organized by Divine / Breen Chapters
Chapter 7
Party Politics 1788-1800
Section 1
Washington Administration
1.
2.
Thomas Jefferson opposed some of Alexander Hamilton's program because
Jefferson believed that
A.
the common bond of a substantial national debt would serve to unify the
different states.
B.
the French alliance threatened to spread the violence of the French
Revolution to America.
C.
the federal government should encourage manufacturing and industry.
D.
Hamilton's programs were weakening the military strength of the nation.
E.
Hamilton's programs favored wealthy financial interests.
Early American diplomats to European nations often gained advantages for the
United States by
A.
sending America's strong military and naval forces against those of the
European powers.
B.
convincing the people of European nations to exert pressure on their
governments.
C.
using confidential information effectively
D.
exploiting European rivalries.
E.
using America's vast wealth in order to obtain favorable diplomatic
settlements.
3.
4.
5.
The rough map above was used by Thomas Jefferson to
A.
plot American military strategy during the Revolution
B.
give Lewis and Clark their instructions for exploration of the Mississippi.
C.
plan a system of frontier fortifications.
D.
begin planning the division of federal lands into new states.
E.
organize voluntary militia during the Black Hawk War.
Which of the following most appropriately characterizes the violence exhibited in
such episodes as Bacon's Rebellion, the Boston Tea Party, Shays' Rebellion, and
the Whiskey Rebellion?
A.
Most violence occurred in urban areas.
B.
Most violence produced no deaths.
C.
The level of violence subsided after the American Revolution.
D.
Violence was directed at "outsiders" or representatives of distant
authority.
E.
Most violence occurred because of the intervention of foreign powers in
American internal affairs.
To make the new government viable, the first Congress of the United States did
all of the following EXCEPT
A.
organize a federal court system under the Supreme Court.
B.
draft a bill of rights and send it to the states for ratification.
C.
pass a tariff for the purpose of raising revenue.
D.
grant subsidies to encourage industrial development.
E.
establish a State Department.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Which of the following was Great Britain's justification for its continued
occupation of a number of posts on United States soil despite the terms of the
1783 Treaty of Paris?
A.
The United States lacked the military capability to maintain the posts.
B.
The United States had violated the treaty clauses dealing with the
restoration of Loyalist property.
C.
Great Britain needed a buffer zone between the United States and Canada.
D.
Great Britain's understanding with both France and Spain permitted the
British to stay.
E.
Great Britain had promised its ally, Tecumseh, that it would establish a
state for his people in the region.
A person supporting the concept of implied power in regard to the U.S.
Constitution would be a believer in
A.
limited executive power
B.
strict constructionism.
C.
Jeffersonianism
D.
loose constructionism
E.
states' rights.
The issue of constitutionality figured most prominently in the consideration of
which of the following?
A.
Tariff of 1789
B.
First Bank of the United States.
C.
Funding of the national debt.
D.
Assumption of state debts
E.
Excise tax on whiskey.
During the first two decades under the United States Constitution, the main factor
that separated Federalists from Republicans was
A.
whether they accepted the Constitution or opposed it.
B.
whether they favored the French Revolution or opposed it.
C.
whether they leaned more toward states' rights or national sovereignty.
D.
their personal like or dislike for the personalities of Thomas Jefferson and
Alexander Hamilton.
E.
whether they had been patriots or loyalists during the American War of
Independence.
In the 1790's political conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander
Hamilton, Jefferson would have been more likely to
A.
take a narrow view of the Constitution.
B.
favor Britain over France in the European War
C.
favor the establishment of a national bank.
D.
win the cooperation of presidents George Washington and John Adams.
E.
oppose the efforts of Citizen Genet in America.
George Washington responded to the Whiskey Rebellion in the western counties
of Pennsylvania by
A.
ignoring until it died out.
B.
dispatching Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury, to negotiate a
reduced tax with the protesters.
C.
D.
12.
calling a special session of Congress to deal with the problem.
sending an army larger than any he had ever commanded in the
Revolution to put down the revolt.
E.
requesting an advisory opinion from the Supreme Court on the
constitutionality of the excise tax.
Identify the following:
"The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations is . . . to have with
them as little political connection as possible. . . . It is our true policy to steer
clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world . . . "
13.
14.
15.
A.
James Monroe, annual message to Congress (December 1823)
B.
George Washington, "Farewell Address," (September 1796)
C.
Thomas Jefferson, first inaugural address (march 1801)
D.
George Washington, "Proclamation of Neutrality," (April 1793)
E.
Theodore Roosevelt, annual message to Congress, (December 1904)
The Federalist Party headed by Alexander Hamilton
I
advocated a pro-British foreign policy
II
supported a "loose" or "broad" interpretation of the Constitution.
III
favored a government run by yeomen farmers and mechanics
IV
championed the concept of a strong central government.
A.
I and II only
B.
II and III only
C.
III and IV only
D.
I, II, and III only
E.
I, II, and IV only
The Republican party that developed around Thomas Jefferson and James
Madison in its early stages
A.
supported legislation for a protective tariff.
B.
favored a strong central government
C.
was an alliance of local and state groups greatly influenced by parochial
issues and personalities.
D.
advocated a broad interpretation of the Constitution.
E.
introduced legislation creating a national bank.
In order to secure the support of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison for the
federal assumption of state debts, Alexander Hamilton, promised
A.
to resign as Secretary of the Treasury.
B.
to sponsor legislation favoring the expansion of slavery.
C.
to support the locating of a permanent capital for the nation on the
Potomac.
D.
to withdraw his proposal for the levying of a protective tariff.
E.
to endorse Jefferson as a presidential candidate.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
The Whiskey Rebellion among the frontier farmers of western Pennsylvania
ended when
A.
Alexander Hamilton negotiated a reduced tax with the farmers.
B.
Congress agreed to repeal the tax.
C.
the Supreme Court declared the tax unconstitutional.
D.
Washington sent an army to put down the revolt.
E.
Congress levied a high tariff on imported whiskey.
"Let me . . . warn you in the most solemn manner against the ruinous effects of
the spirit of party . . . . The alternate domination of one faction over another,
sharpened by the spirit of revenge natural to party dissension . . . is itself a
frightful despotism."
This statement reflected which of the following political positions?
A.
Abraham Lincoln's reaction to the Southern threats of secession.
B.
Ulysses S. Grant's reaction to the disclosures of corruption in the
Republican party.
C.
Andrew Johnson's disparagement of the Anti-Masonic party.
D.
John C. Calhoun's explanation of the reasons for his withdrawal from the
presidential campaign of 1824.
E.
George Washington's concern about the development of political parties
during his administration.
In his "Farewell Address" of 1796, George Washington
A.
indicated his belief that political parties were necessary for the survival of
democracy.
B.
urged the nation to avoid permanent alliances of any sort with foreign
powers.
C.
denounced American isolationism in world affairs.
D.
endorsed the presidential candidacy of Alexander Hamilton
E.
condemned Thomas Jefferson's presidential aspirations.
Which political leader endorsed the philosophy that the political and social future
of the United States was more secure if the United States emphasized agriculture
instead of industry?
A.
Thomas Jefferson
B.
Alexander Hamilton
C.
Henry Clay
D.
Daniel Webster
E.
Eugene V. Debs
Which of the following were associated with the Federalist Party in the 1790s?
I
They sympathized with Great Britain rather that France in European
disputes.
II
They favored strict interpretation of the Constitution.
III
They disapproved of the Alien and Sedition Acts.
IV
Alexander Hamilton and John Adams were two of their party leaders.
V
They favored paying the national debt at par to current holders of bonds.
A.
I, III, IV, and V only
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
B.
II and III only
C.
I, IV, and V only
D.
II, III, and IV only
E.
I, III, and IV only
Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton proposed that the federal
government do which of the following?
I
Have a protective tariff rather than a revenue tariff
II
Establish a national bank
III
Promote development of industry
IV
Pay off foreign and national debts
V.
Have the federal government assume state debts.
VI.
Establish an excise tax
A.
II, IV and VI only
B.
I, II, III, IV, V and VI
C.
II, IV, V and VI only
E.
I, II, III, V and VI only
Which of the following was a similarity between Shays' Rebellion and the
Whiskey Rebellion?
A.
Both alarmed conservatives throughout the nation.
B.
George Washington put both down.
C.
Both were caused by a protest over taxes.
D.
Both occurred in Pennsylvania
E.
Both occurred during the government of the Articles of Confederation.
The Treaty of Alliance of 1778 with
A.
France was officially ended by Washington's Neutrality Proclamation.
B.
France ended with the defeat of the British in 1783
C.
Great Britain ended when the countries declared war in 1812
D.
France ended with the Convention of 1800
E.
France is the only peacetime alliance the United States has ever had.
Which best explains the rise of political parties in the 1790s?
A.
Hamilton and Jefferson's personal dislike for one another.
B.
a continuation of the Loyalist-Revolutionaries split of the Revolutionary
War era
C.
a continuation of the division of those for and against (the Antifederalists)
the ratification of the Constitution
D.
the desire of Washington for two distinct viewpoints on policy issues so
that he could evaluate the issues to select the better course of action.
E.
differing ideology and viewpoints accented by disagreements over the
establishment of a national bank; the payment of the foreign, national
and state debt; our foreign policies, and the Alien and Sedition Acts.
The issue of loose versus strict interpretation of the Constitution first arose
A.
over Hamilton's proposal to create a Bank of the United States
B.
over Jefferson's decision to purchase Louisiana from Napoleon
C.
in the case of Marbury v. Madison
D.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
over Hamilton's proposal to consolidate national, foreign, and state debts
and to pay them off at face value.
E.
in the 1796 presidential campaign between the Federalist and Jeffersonian
parties.
The positions of loose construction and strict construction of the Constitution
were first established in letters written by Hamilton and Jefferson to President
Washington. The letters concerned
A.
the issue of creating a Bank of the U.S.
B.
our obligations to France under the Treaty of 1778
C.
consolidating the national, state, and foreign debt and playing them at face
value.
D.
an appropriate response to the Whiskey Rebellion
E.
Jefferson's decision to purchase Louisiana.
Alexander Hamilton’s financial program was most favorable to
A
western farmers
B
war veterans
C
southern planters
D
eastern merchants
E
state bankers
Although Congress accepted most of Alexander Hamilton's economic proposals,
it rejected his
A
Report on the Public Credit
B
call for direct subsidies to manufacturers
C
plans for a Bank of the United States
D
call for a whiskey tax
E
call for a tariff
Pinckney’s Treaty with Spain is considered a diplomatic highlight of
Washington’s administration because it
A
allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans
B
ceded Florida to the United States
C
invited Americans to settle in Texas
D
opened Spanish Caribbean ports to American trade
E
withdrew Spain’s military forces from the Caribbean
In 1795 the Treaty of Greenville between the United States and the Miami
Confederacy established the principle that
A
citizens of the U.S. could settle anywhere in the Northwest Territory
B
the U.S. government should continue to acquire Indian lands
C
Indian tribes had sovereignty over lands not formally ceded to the U.S.
D
Indian tribes held sovereignty over the entire Northwest Territory
E
New York state would begin to purchase land from the Iroquois nation
The Second Amendment guaranteed the right "to keep and bear arms" because of
the need for
A
an elastic clause
B
a well regulated militia
C
a large standing army
D
a virtuous citizenry
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
E
protection of the president
Many historians believe that in order to gain the support of the South in 1790 for
his controversial financial plans, Alexander Hamilton offered to
A
protect the importation of slaves beyond 1808
B.
amend the constitution to protect slavery in perpetuity
C
locate the national capital in Virginia
D
support the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
E
promote cotton growing through direct federal subsidies
The Democratic-Republican societies, one of the earliest groups of political
dissenters, were first organized in opposition to
A
Washington's foreign policies
B
Washington's appointment of Jefferson as Secretary of State
C
the excise tax on whiskey
D
Hamilton's plans for funding the debt
E
the Judiciary Act of 1789
In his Farewell Address of 1796, President Washington urged the nation to avoid
A
all alliances
B
alliances with European nations
C
permanent alliances
D
co m mer ci al t ies t o o t her nat i on s
E
relations w ith t he Ottoma n Empir e
President George Washington's Farewell Address set a course for the nation by
A
endorsing the economic policies of the Federalists
B
discouraging permanent alliances with foreign nations
C
endorsing the two-party system
D
calling for strict term limits for federal officeholders
E
calling for the adoption of universal suffrage
Alexander Hamilton's domestic and foreign policies were directed primarily
toward strengthening the federal government by
A
favoring free trade
B
substituting a parliamentary for federal system of government
C
averting United States entanglement in Europe's wars
D
favoring the interests of the propertied and monied classes
E
establishing gold as the sole backing of United States currency
Section 2
37.
John Adams Administration
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions took the position that
A.
only the United States Supreme Court had the power to restrict freedom of
speech and press.
B.
the authority of state governments included the power to decide whether
or not an act of Congress was constitutional.
C.
only fiscal measures initiated by state legislatures could be acted on by
Congress.
D.
Congress was responsible for maintaining the vitality of a "loyal
opposition" political party
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
E.
the "supremacy clause" of the Constitution applied only to foreign affairs.
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South
Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of
A
freedom of the seas
B
freedom of speech
C
the institution of slavery
D
states' rights
E
presidential power in foreign affairs
The Republican response to the 1798 Alien and Sedition Acts included
A.
South Carolina's nullification of the acts.
B.
the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
C.
the Hartford Convention
D.
the Ostend Manifesto
E.
the Mulligan Letters.
The international incident known as the XYZ Affair involved
A.
a French foreign minister's demand for a bribe before he would meet
with American envoys.
B.
the British refusal to evacuate their forts on American territory.
C.
General Andrew Jackson's incursion into Spanish-held Florida.
D.
the British seizure of American crewmen from a US Navy warship in
Chesapeake Bay.
E.
Aaron Burr's secret plot to detach the western United States in order to
create a new nation of which he would be ruler
The XYZ Affair was important in that it
A.
underlined the importance of a strong impartial federal judiciary in
resolving Constitutional disputes between the state and federal
governments.
B.
led to U.S. abrogation of the 1778 peace treaty and brought the U.S. into
a quasi-war with France.
C.
nearly brought Britain into the Civil War on the side of the Confederacy.
D.
discredited Aaron Burr and forced his removal from the 1800 presidential
election ticket as Thomas Jefferson's running mate.
E.
led the U.S. to seek a declaration of war against Britain in 1812 for
impressing American seamen onto British ships.
In response to the passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts by the Federalist
Congress, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
A.
drafted the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions which supported the
concept of states' rights.
B.
violated the Sedition Act in an effort to test its constitutionality.
C.
demanded that the Alien Acts be submitted to a national referendum
D.
proposed a constitutional amendment limited the president's power to
enforce the acts.
E.
urged the Republican members of Congress to boycott its sessions until
the acts were repealed.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
In the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
assented that
A.
the states, not the Supreme Court, were the final judges of the limits of
federal power.
B.
the states were creations of the federal government
C.
the federal judiciary was the sole arbiter of the constitutionality of federal
and state laws.
D.
the "implied powers" of the Constitution gave the president the power to
enforce the Alien and Sedition Acts.
E.
a "dual presidency" modeled on ancient Rome's consulship would serve to
protect the states from the federal government.
Which of the following was not associated with our foreign relations with France
in the 1790s?
A.
XYZ Affair
B.
Citizens Genet
C.
undeclared naval war 1798
D.
Treaty of 1778
E.
Barbary pirates.
In the United States, the Haitian rebellion of the 1790's prompted
A
the acquisition of Puerto Rico for colonization by the emancipated slaves
B
a movement of free African Americans to haiti
C
the passage of a federal law increasing hte severity of punishments for
slave rebellions.
D
an increased fear of slave revolts in the South
E
a military expedition of southern slaveholders to restore French rule in
Haiti.
One of the chief aims of the Alien and Sedition acts waw to
A
suppress political dissent
B
stimulate the growth of the R~upublican Party
C
protect the First Amendment
D
help immigrants assimilate to American society
E
respond to the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
Which three new states entered the United States in the first decade after the
Constitution was ratified?
A
Vermont, Kentucky and Tennessee
B
Kentucky, Tennessee and Ohio
C
Vermont, Maine and Ohio
D
Maine, Missouri and Vermont
E
Maine, Missouri and California
What was the primary intention of the Adams administration in enforcing the
Sedition Act?
A
To stop illegal aliens from voting
B
To intimidate critics of Adams' foreign policy toward France and
England
C
To prosecute Democratic-Republicans who violated American neutrality
D
To prepare for war against Great Britain
E
To keep France from selling Louisiana to Spain