Municipal Street Lighting Energy
Efficiency Scenario in India
Pradeep Kumar
21stMarch, 2013
The Alliance’s Mission Statement:
The Alliance to Save Energy promotes energy efficiency
worldwide to achieve a healthier economy, a cleaner
environment, and greater energy security
Who is the Alliance to Save Energy?
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Established in 1977
Non-Profit
A leader in energy efficiency in all relevant sectors:
• municipal
• industry
• buildings
• utilities
• research
• appliances
• policy
• federal government
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Experience in over 33 countries
In India last 12 year
• transportation
• Training/education
Why Municipal Energy Efficiency ?
Why Municipal Energy Efficiency?
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Extremely Cost Effective (20 to 40% saving potential)**
- Reduction in energy and O&M cost
- Simple Payback- 2 to 3 years
- Reduces the need for new infrastructure
In National Interest
- Reduced energy intensity will help climate change mitigation
efforts
- Reduce demand and supply gap at the national/state level
Improved Municipal Services
- Time to incorporate best practices
- Better and more reliable services to community
Overview- Indian Street Lighting Sector
Second
Largest Municipal System in the World
India’s municipal sector consumes 4-5% of total electricity
Energy
Consumption by Public Lighting
2% relative to total Energy Consumption by all Sectors
6,500 Million Units in absolute terms
Data source: CEA
What is happening?
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What’s happening ….
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Practice is to procure “lighting material” NOT the Light
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Use of lighting components from secondary market
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Lack of guidelines on lamp/fitting selection
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Absence of control systems
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Selection of tenders on ‘Low cost’ basis for O & M of street lighting
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No design based approach
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Municipal EE Challenges in India
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Cities lack technical, managerial and financial capacity to implement
projects
Lack of metering & monitoring systems -difficult to establish baseline
Lack of policy on reducing energy consumption in street lighting
systems
Lack of guidelines on technical specifications and performance
standards
Low confidence in Public Private Partnership -Fair deals take time to setup
Typical Observations
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Pole to pole spacing is not uniform
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Low mounting height at some of the poles
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Angle of tilt is not uniform
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Some of the luminaires are with out shielding cover. Though this
increases the average illumination, this could cause glare.
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Some of lamps are entirely cover with black dust, requires
regular maintenance for the improved illumination.
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Some residential roads provide with 250 W HPSV lamps along
with 40 W FTL even near the houses.
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Energy Efficiency Measures
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Energy Efficiency Measures
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Application of energy efficient lights and fixture
Timer controls/ photo sensor
Avoid late payment/ and penalties
Improved operating practices
Voltage optimization
Design based lighting procurement
Procure Electronic ballast
Power factor
Relocation of luminaries according to required level of illumination
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The Stakeholder’ Concern
Why have results been low?
Why have results been low ?
Policy /
Regulatory
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Low energy pricing
and collections
Rigid procurement
and budgeting
policies
Limitations on
public financing
Ad hoc planning
Limited and poor
quality data
Equipment/
Service
Providers
Public End
Users
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Limited incentives to
save energy
Risk averse
Lack of discretionary
budgets for upgrades
Unclear ownership of
energy savings
Lack of awareness
and technical
expertise
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High transaction costs
for public sector
projects
Perceived risk of
late/non-payment
High project
development costs
Limited technical,
business/risk
management skills
Limited access to
equity and finance
Financiers
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High perceived
public credit risks
New technologies
and contractual
mechanisms
Small sizes/high
transaction costs
Behavioral biases
Why implementation is so difficult
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Dispute over Baseline – Meter readings Vs Billing
Distrust in EPEC concept
Lack of M&V understanding – power quality , burning level
Issue with project re-payment mechanism
Quality of bid document
ESCO balance sheet to borrow loan
Project packaging document is not up to the mark
Bankers lacks knowledge to evaluate EE project
- Assest based lending vs cash flow based financing
Why implementation is so difficult
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Who should play key role in developing such project
- State level agency
- Infrastructure development agency
- Municipality
Identification of key stakeholder is key for the success of the project
The issues…
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Lack of metering
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case 1 – No meter - Billing based on wattage X burning hrs
case 2 – Faulty meters – Incorrect reading recordings
case 3- Non working meters – Average readings for billing purpose
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Lack of sub metering
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Lack of dedicated feeder for streetlight operations
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The streetlight feeders also has additional housing or other loads in most of the
places in residential areas
Theft of energy : Baseline adjustment- adding additional loads during festive
session or in similar circumstances- difficult to record as well as quantify
For More Information:
Pradeep Kumar
Director- India
Alliance to Save Energy - India
Bangalore, India
0-9845775008
[email protected]
www.ase.org or www.watergy.org
To download presentation visit
www.ase.org