g Introduction h
• There are lot of people who migrate because
they want to practice their Art.
• Also exile can be at the origin of the artistic
creation
• The exiled artists reflected their exile through
their works like Literature, graphic arts and
Theater.
• So we want to present some of them
Often these exiled artists expressed the exile in a different way.
Their individual experience shaped their glance on this theme..
Here are some some of the comment:
IAtiq Rahimi writer and film director, author of the movie
“ground and ash ". He was born in Kabul and left his country
during the first War in Afghanistan. He arrived in France in 1984;
hisfirst book is written in French " Syngué Sabour " and received
the Goncourt prize in 2008.
He said: “Having returned to Afghanistan, I was incapable to
continue to write in Persian, I wrote in French”
Edouardo Manet is a novelist, an author of theater of Cuban
origin. He obtained Goncourt from the high school students
for " the island of the green lizard " in 1992 and the prize to
Interallié for " Cuban rapsody " in 1996
" Our homeland is the language in which we write. But we can
have two homelands, as we can have several women "
Iannis Xénakis, musician. Born in Rumania, speaking about 5
languages from the childhood, about the one the patronymic
of which means " small foreigner", avoids in 1947 Greece
(country of his family) where it is sentenced to death for
resistance. He lived for a long time in France with stateless
person's passport.
" It is constantly necessary to be an immigrant "
Emile Zola (1840-1902)
•
Emile Zola is a writer, a journalist
and a French politician. He is
considered as the leader of the
movement naturalism. After the
publication of his article "J'Accuse
..." in 1898 in Aurore, he is
assigned for defamation by the
government. He loses his trial but
his request for cassation appeal
receives a favorable response and
his trial was postponed.
Meanwhile he joined London. He
stayed one year. He returned to
France eleven months later after
having been finally acquitted by
the court.
Victor Hugo
• Victor-Marie Hugo (26
February 1802 – 22 May
1885)
• He was a French poet,
playwhrite, novelist,
essayist, visual artist,
statesman, human rights
activist and exponent of the
Romantic movement in
France.
• Victor Hugo has contributed to the renewal of poetry,
drama and literature. He was admired by his
contemporaries, but he was challenged by some modern
writers. It has allowed many generations to develop a
reflection on the commitment of the writer in the political
and social life through its many pronouncements that will
condemn him to exile during the twenty years of the
Second Empire.
• Driven from Jersey in 1855 for criticizing the Queen
Victoria, he moved to Guernsey in his house Hauteville
House. During this time, he wrote many books like “les
chatiments” and “les contemplations”.
Ionesco
•He was born in 1909, in Slatina in Romania and died in 1994 in
Paris.
•His family migrated in 1913 to Paris because his father must
work a doctorate. He had to go in Romania to fight against
Germany and Austria. The family thinks that he is dead.
•Ionesco takes the french nationnality in 1950.
•He’s famous to play with the absurd and be able to live with his
passion, the theater.
•“Rhinocéros”, was a success, Ionesco shoked when he alluded to
the past in French and In german.
•For him this is the consecration!
Ionesco
• Quotation:
"We are both prisoners of
our cultures as of our
organization, and it is now a
matter to find out whether,
if at all, there is a deeper
truth beyond." Of André
Coutin, “conversations with
Eugène Ionesco”.
Pablo Ruiz Picasso (1881-1973)
•The exile was another striking feature in the life of Picasso, which provided a
symbolic link with Oedipus. From 1904, Picasso lived in exile in Paris because of
the fascism that reigned in Spain.
•Guernica History: At first, Picasso painted it in France to denounce the
massacre Gernica in Spain. After a period when it was introduced worldwide
between 1937 and 1939 to include fundraising for the Republicans in Spain, the
painting remained in the U.S. (mainly at the MoMA in New York) during four
decades due to the entry of Europe in the Second World War and the refusal of
Picasso, a commitment to the Communist Party, that the work goes to Spain as
a democracy there would not be effective.
•This work has finally arrived in Spain in 1981, after Franco's death in 1975. It is
exposed to the Queen Sofia Museum in Madrid. It is the very symbol of the end
of the dictatorship.
Guernica
Constantin Brâncusi been born on February 19th, 1876 to
Hobita, judet of Gorj, Roumania, and died on March 16th,
1957 in Paris, was one of the most influential sculptors of the
beginning of the XXth century. He is considered as having
pushed the sculptural abstraction up to a stage never
reached in the modernistic tradition and having opened the
way to the surrealist sculpture as well as informed minimalist
the 60s
g Conclusion h
Today, topics about exile are still in the actuality.
In 2002, the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees is helping people who have been compelled,
because of persecution, to leave their country. The High
Commissioner for Refugees in the Czech Republic had decided
to celebrate this anniversary with an exhibition, entitled Flight
and Exile in Art.
The exhibition featured exile seen by famous artists from
different countries and different time: it begins with the
Renaissance and ends up in modern art. The paintings and
drawings by Lucas Cranach, Nicolas Poussin, Delacroix, Henry
Moore, Pablo Picasso.
http://www.bernard-pouchin.com/blog/index.php?Pinceau
http://www.radio.cz/fr/rubrique/culture/fuite-et-exil-dans-la-peinture-et-laphotographie
Victor Hugo
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Hugo
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Hugo
Emile Zola
http://www.evene.fr/celebre/biographie/emile-zola-759.php
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola
Ionesco
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ionesco
http://www.evene.fr/celebre/biographie/eugene-ionesco-209.php
Picasso
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picasso
http://dp.mariottini.free.fr/weekend/madrid/photos/guernica-picassos-pablo.htm
Magazine Littéraire, Septembre 2009, N° 489
Cité musique, la revue de la cité de la musique septembre 2009
Damien Grangeat, Hélène Breches, Léa Barray, Audrey Martin