pract1
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Figure 1-1
____
____
____
____
____
1. What type of graph is represented by Figure 1-1?
a. bar graph
c. circle graph
b. line graph
d. none of the above
2. What is a system of knowledge and the methods used to find that knowledge?
a. science
c. measurement
b. technology
d. curiosity
3. How are science and technology related?
a. Technology is a branch of natural science.
b. Science is a branch of technology.
c. Advances in science may lead to advances in technology and vice versa.
d. Science and technology are not related.
4. Which of the following is NOT a branch of natural science?
a. life science
c. physical science
b. Earth and space science
d. social science
5. How does Earth science overlap with life science?
a. Earth science involves the study of Earth’s rocks.
b. Earth science involves the study of systems that may include living organisms.
c. Earth science involves the study of the composition of matter.
d. Earth science does not overlap with life science.
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
6. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas of physical science?
a. The universe is very old and very large.
b. Forces cause changes in motion.
c. Energy can be transferred from one form to another, but it can never be destroyed.
d. One of the main branches of natural science is biology.
7. What are the building blocks of all matter?
a. forces
c. magnetic fields
b. atoms
d. kinetic and potential energy
8. In which step of the scientific method is information obtained through the senses?
a. drawing conclusions
c. analyzing data
b. making observations
d. revising a hypothesis
9. What happens when the data in an investigation do not support the original hypothesis?
a. The scientist gives up and starts an investigation on a new topic.
b. The data must be incorrect and are thrown out.
c. The hypothesis will be revised.
d. The data are altered so that they support the original hypothesis.
10. What is a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature?
a. a scientific law
c. a scientific theory
b. a fact
d. a hypothesis
11. Which of the following statements is true about scientific theories?
a. Scientific theories become scientific laws.
b. Scientific theories are never proven.
c. Scientific theories become hypotheses.
d. Scientific theories summarize patterns found in nature.
12. What is a physical or mental representation of an object or an event?
a. a theory
c. a model
b. a hypothesis
d. a scientific law
13. Why are scientific models important?
a. They prove scientific theories.
b. They help visualize things that are very complex, very large, or very small.
c. They make it harder to understand things.
d. They never change.
14. What is the most important safety rule?
a. Never work with chemicals.
b. Always use unbreakable glassware.
c. Always follow your teacher’s instructions and textbook directions exactly.
d. Never do experiments that involve flames or hot objects.
15. Which of the following is an example of a safe laboratory procedure?
a. tying back long hair and loose clothing
b. eating or drinking from laboratory glassware
c. touching hot objects with your bare hands
d. testing an odor by directly inhaling the vapor
16. How is 0.00025 written in scientific notation?
a. 25 10–5
c. 0.25 10–3
4
b. 2.5 10
d. 2.5 10–4
17. Which of the following conversion factors would you use to change 18 kilometers to meters?
a. 1000 m/1 km
c. 100 m/1 km
b. 1 km/1000 m
d. 1 km/100 m
____ 18. What is 1 centimeter equal to?
a. 100 meters
c. 10 millimeters
b. 1/10 of a millimeter
d. 100 millimeters
____ 19. There are 1660 megawatts of wind-generated electricity produced globally every year. This amount is
equivalent to
a. 1,660,000 watts
c. 16,600,000 watts
b. 1,660,000 kilowatts
d. 166,000 kilowatts
____ 20. Timers at a swim meet used four different clocks to time an event. Which recorded time is the most precise?
a. 55 s
c. 55.25 s
b. 55.2 s
d. 55.254 s
____ 21. Which of the following clocks offers the most precision?
a. a clock with only one hand to measure the hour
b. a clock with only one hand to measure the minutes
c. a clock with a hand to measure the hour and a hand to measure the minutes
d. a clock with a hand to measure the hour, a hand to measure the minutes, and a hand to
measure the seconds
____ 22. On the Celsius scale, at what temperature does water boil?
a. 0
c. 100
b. 212
d. 32
____ 23. Approximately how many kelvins are equal to 60 F?
a. 439
c. 902
b. 212
d. 289
____ 24. The type of graph used to show how a part of something relates to the whole is a
a. circle graph
c. line graph
b. bar graph
d. direct proportion
____ 25. What is the relationship in which the ratio of the manipulated variable and the responding variable is
constant?
a. inverse proportion
c. slope
b. direct proportion
d. interdependent
____ 26. How do scientists communicate the results of investigations?
a. by publishing articles in scientific journals c. by exchanging e-mails
b. by giving talks at scientific conferences
d. all of the above
____ 27. How do scientists who speak different languages make their data understandable to one another?
a. They all use different systems of measurement.
b. They all use SI.
c. They communicate through a universal translator.
d. They all must speak French.
____ 28. What is a peer review?
a. a process in which only close friends of a scientist review the scientist’s work
b. a process in which scientists examine other scientists’ work
c. a process in which scientists copy other scientists’ work
d. a process in which scientists keep their work secret
____ 29. Why are peer reviews important?
a. Scientists receive questions and criticism from their peers.
b. Data are checked for accuracy.
c. Scientists receive comments and suggestions from other scientists.
d. all of the above
____ 30. If the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable is a direct proportion, what
will a line graph of this relationship look like?
a. a straight line
c. a jagged line
b. a curved line
d. none of the above
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
31. The SI base unit of mass is the ____________________.
32. A measurement must include both a number and a(an) ____________________.
33. An experiment in which only one variable, the manipulated variable, is changed at a time is called a(an)
_________________________.
34. An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information is called a(an)
_________________________.
35. A(An) ____________________ is a way of organizing data that is used to show changes that occur in related
variables.
36. Computers are an example of ____________________ that helps people solve problems.
37. The two main areas of physical science are physics and ____________________.
38. Natural science is divided into life science, Earth and space science, and _________________________.
39. The _________________________ is the variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable.
40. A(An) ____________________ is a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature.
41. A(An) _________________________ explains a pattern found in nature.
42. A flight simulator that helps astronauts prepare for a shuttle launch is an example of a(an)
_________________________.
43. Because lab activities can involve hazardous materials, it is always important to read and understand any
____________________ that must be followed.
44. A(An) _________________________ makes it easier to understand things that are too small, too large, or too
hard to observe directly.
45. In scientific notation, (8.2
104 m)
(3.7
102 m) equals ____________________.
46. In an experiment, 0.014 seconds equals ____________________ milliseconds.
47. ____________________ is the closeness of a measurement to the actual value being measured.
48. A temperature of 68ºF is equal to ____________________ kelvins.
49. In an experiment, if doubling the manipulated variable results in a doubling of the responding variable, the
relationship between the variables is a(an) _________________________.
50. The three values—10.714 m, 12.821 m, and 13.646 m—have the same number of ____________________.
Short Answer
51. What is the single most important laboratory safety rule?
52. Why do scientists speak at conferences and write articles in scientific journals?
53. What is a peer review?
54. What are the major branches of natural science?
55. What is a hypothesis?
56. What is a scientific theory?
57. Why do scientists use models?
58. When a number in a measurement is converted from kilometers to meters, does the number get larger or
smaller?
59. How many significant figures will the answer to the calculation 65.25
37.4 have?
60. What is the temperature at which water freezes, expressed in Fahrenheit, Celsius, and kelvins?
61. Explain how technology and science are related.
62. What type of graph would be the best to use to compare the levels of lead contamination in six water wells?
63. What is the relationship between two variables if the product of the variables is constant?
64. The study of an organism that lived 10 million years ago would most likely fall under which two branches of
natural science?
65. Describe a main idea of physical science that deals with space and time.
Essay
Figure 1-1
66. Use Figure 1-1 to describe how the steel ball moved during the experiment. Average speed is calculated by
dividing total distance by time. Did the steel ball speed up, slow down, or remain at the same speed
throughout the experiment?
67. What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?
68. Describe some of the main ideas of physical science.
69. Describe a possible order of steps of a scientific method used in an investigation.
70. Explain how peer reviews are important in either supporting a hypothesis or revising a hypothesis.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 1-2
71. Analyzing Data What is the slope of the line shown in Figure 1-2?
72. Controlling Variables In Figure 1-2, what is the responding variable?
73. Analyzing Data In Figure 1-2, what is the relationship between mass and volume?
74. Using Tables and Graphs In Figure 1-2, what quantity does the slope represent?
75. Analyzing Data In Figure 1-2, what metric units are represented by values on the plotted line?
Figure 1-3
76. Using Tables and Graphs What measurements are compared in Figure 1-3?
77. Analyzing Data In Figure 1-3, which month had the highest amount of precipitation?
78. Inferring Why might the data in Figure 1-3 be important to share with a scientist studying agriculture trends
in Port Hardy?
79. Using Tables and Graphs Use Figure 1-3 to determine the approximate total annual precipitation.
80. Analyzing Data In Figure 1-3, how many meters of precipitation were recorded during January?
pract1
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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B
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D
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B
D
A
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L1
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L2
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L2
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L2
COMPLETION
31. ANS:
kilogram
kg
DIF: L1
32. ANS: unit
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.3.2
OBJ: 1.3.2
OBJ:
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1.4.1
1.1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.3
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.4
1.3.1
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.3.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.3
1.4.4
1.4.4
1.4.2
33. ANS: controlled experiment
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.2.1
34. ANS: scientific method
DIF: L1
35. ANS: line graph
OBJ: 1.2.1
DIF: L1
36. ANS: technology
OBJ: 1.4.1
DIF: L1
37. ANS: chemistry
OBJ: 1.1.1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.1.2
38. ANS: physical science
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.1.2
39. ANS: responding variable
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.4.2
40. ANS: scientific law
DIF: L1
41. ANS:
scientific theory
theory
OBJ: 1.2.2
DIF: L2
42. ANS:
scientific model
model
OBJ: 1.2.2
DIF: L2
43. ANS:
safety rules
safety procedures
OBJ: 1.2.3
DIF: L2
44. ANS:
scientific model
model
OBJ: 1.2.4
DIF: L1
45. ANS: 3.0
OBJ: 1.2.3
DIF: L2
46. ANS: 14
7
10
OBJ: 1.3.1
DIF: L1
47. ANS: Accuracy
OBJ: 1.3.2
DIF: L1
48. ANS: 293
OBJ: 1.3.3
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.3.4
49. ANS: direct proportion
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.4.2
50. ANS: significant figures
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.3.3
SHORT ANSWER
51. ANS:
Always follow your teachers instructions and textbook directions exactly.
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.2.4
52. ANS:
to communicate with other scientists about the results of their investigations
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.4.3
53. ANS:
a process in which scientists examine other scientists’ work
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.4.4
54. ANS:
Earth and space science, life science, and physical science
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.1.2
55. ANS:
a proposed answer to a question
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.2.1
56. ANS:
a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or results
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.2.2
57. ANS:
to help understand things that are too difficult to observe directly
DIF: L1
58. ANS:
larger
OBJ: 1.2.3
DIF: L1
59. ANS:
OBJ: 1.3.1
three
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.3.3
60. ANS:
32 F, 0 C, and 273 K
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.3.4
61. ANS:
Science is a system of knowledge, while technology is the practical application of that knowledge to the
solving of problems.
DIF: L2
62. ANS:
a bar graph
OBJ: 1.1.1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.4.1
63. ANS:
an inverse proportion
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.4.2
64. ANS:
life science and Earth and space science
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.1.2
65. ANS:
The universe is very old (about 13.7 billion years old) and very large (7.0
DIF: L1
1026 meters in diameter).
OBJ: 1.1.3
ESSAY
66. ANS:
The steel ball started out slowly. Then it continued to speed up throughout the experiment.
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.4.2
67. ANS:
A scientific law is a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature, without attempting to explain it. A
scientific theory explains the pattern.
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.2.2
68. ANS:
Possible answers: The universe is very large and very old. A small amount of the universe is matter. Matter
on Earth usually is either a solid, liquid, or gas. All matter is made of atoms. Forces cause changes in motion.
Energy can be transferred from one form or object to another, but it can never be destroyed.
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.1.3
69. ANS:
Possible answer: 1) make observations, 2) ask questions, 3) develop a hypothesis, 4) test the hypothesis, 5)
analyze data, 6) draw conclusions, 7) revise hypothesis.
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.2.1
70. ANS:
In peer reviews, scientists review and question other scientists’ data. Scientists also help determine if the data
is accurately reported. If the review finds errors in the data, in the conclusions, or in the experimental
procedures, the hypothesis may need to be revised.
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.4.4
OTHER
71. ANS:
8.8 g/cm3
DIF: L2
72. ANS:
mass
OBJ: 1.4.1
DIF: L2
73. ANS:
a direct proportion
OBJ: 1.4.2
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.4.2
74. ANS:
the density of the fluid
DIF: L2
75. ANS:
g/cm3
OBJ: 1.4.1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 1.3.2
76. ANS:
monthly precipitation in centimeters
DIF: L1
77. ANS:
December
OBJ: 1.3.2
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.4.1
78. ANS:
The precipitation data might provide insight into agriculture growth trends.
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.4.3
79. ANS:
approximately 165 cm
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.4.1
80. ANS:
about 18 cm, which equals 0.18 meters
DIF: L1
OBJ: 1.3.2