Aviation
Gasoline
100LL
Aviation
Gasoline
100LL
Reference ID
Avgas 100 LL
Synonyms:
Blend of catalytically cracked naphthas, alkylate, and isopentanes. Operational fuel for most commercial piston
engine aircraft. Similar to grade 100 except with lower lead-additive content.
The sample analyzed by ESD was collected in the summer of 1998, at the MacDonald-Cartier International Airport
in Ottawa, Ontario. The sample was >99.9% evaporated after four hours, using the standard rotary evaporation
method.
Data from Shell 1999 were taken from MSDS Number 142-012.
For additional fuel specifications refer to ASTM D910.
Appearance
Blue
Shell 99a
66.6
ESD 98
API Gravity
Equation(s) for Predicting Evaporation
ln(%Ev) = (0.5 + 0.045T)ln(t)
Where %Ev = weight percent evaporated; T = surface temperature (°C); t = time (minutes)
ESD 98
Sulphur (weight %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
0.06
0.08
0.12
ESD 99
Water Content (weight %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
ESD 99
Flash Point (°C)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
-27
<1
0
0
ESD 98
Shell 99a
ESD 98
1.4 to 7.6
Shell 99a
>38
Shell 99a
Flammability Limits in Air (volume %)
Reid Vapour Pressure (kPa)
Density (g/mL)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
Temperature
(°C)
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
0.7270
0.7143
0.7060
0.7383
0.7258
0.7178
0.7415
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
ESD 98
Aviation Gasoline 100LL
Reference ID
Density (g/mL)
Evaporation
(weight %)
60
Temperature
(°C)
15
25
Pour Point (°C)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
Hydrocarbon Groups (weight %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
Temperature
(°C)
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
Waxes
Adhesion (g/m²)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
60
Volatile Organic Compounds (ppm)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
33
ESD 98
<-75
<-60
<-75
<-75
33
60
Dynamic Viscosity (mPa s or cP)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
0.7292
0.7210
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
ESD 98
0
0
0
ESD 01
1
1
1
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylenes
C3-benzenes
Total BTEX
Total VOCs
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylenes
C3-benzenes
Total BTEX
Total VOCs
ESD 98
Shell 99a
ESD 98
SD = 1
SD = 1
SD = 1
452
69910
358
1509
1404
72229
73633
128
52719
352
1538
1687
54737
56424
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
ESD 98
ESD 99
Aviation
Gasoline
100LL
Aviation
Gasoline
100LL
Reference ID
Surface Tension (mN/m or dynes/cm)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
Temperature
(°C)
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
20.1
20.1
19.0
21.0
20.6
19.5
21.0
21.0
19.6
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
Oil/Salt Water Interfacial Tension (mN/m or dynes/cm)
Temperature
Evaporation
(°C)
(weight %)
0
0
15
25
33
0
15
25
60
0
15
25
23.3
24.0
23.1
21.6
23.4
23.5
19.3
21.9
21.0
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
Oil/Fresh Water Interfacial Tension (mN/m or
Temperature
Evaporation
(°C)
(weight %)
0
0
15
25
33
0
15
25
60
0
15
25
24.9
28.8
26.5
24.5
30.0
24.8
21.0
26.6
23.6
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
33
60
Boiling Point Distribution (BP vs weight %)
Evaporation
Boiling Point
(weight %)
(°C)
0
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
250
300
350
400
33
60
80
100
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
Weight %
2.7
3.5
4
24.2
80.8
84.4
85
85.4
85.8
86.2
86.5
86.5
86.5
0.1
0.2
18.1
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
ESD 01
Aviation Gasoline 100LL
Reference ID
Boiling Point Distribution (BP vs weight %)
Evaporation
Boiling Point
(weight %)
(°C)
33
120
140
160
180
200
250
300
350
400
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
250
300
350
400
Weight %
78.5
84.6
85.4
86.1
86.6
87.2
87.5
87.6
87.6
0
15.9
72.7
82.7
84.1
85.1
85.9
86.8
87.2
87.3
87.4
ESD 01
Boiling Range (°C)
75 to 170
Shell 99a
Threshold Limit Values (ppm)
TWA
STEL
300
500
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
ACGIH 99