The French and Indian War Begins
- General Braddock had very little respect for American Indians as __________________
- George Washington was serving under Braddock & he suggested that General Braddock prepare for a different kind of battle
- The general would not listen to ___________________
- Fort Duquesne was an important French fort as the British needed to capture it in order to drive France out of the __________
- Braddock led his army of British and colonial troops toward ___________________ in 1755
- However, hiding behind rocks and trees 72 French, 146 Canadians, and 637 American Indians ambushed them outside the ___
- Braddock died in this surprise attack, as did many of his men & ___________ gathered the survivors & struggled back to safety
- The British went on to lose battles at two forts in ______________ as they lost many men in failed attacks at two other battles
- They failed, too, at an attempt to capture Louisbourg, a French naval base in Nova Scotia
- The colonists, upon seeing many of their friends die at the hands of the French, lost confidence in the proud ________ ______
- Many of them wanted to fight their own war, without the _______________ to give the orders
Who Was William Pitt?
- King George II was aware that ______________ could win the war
- If this happened, France would claim all the land to the ___________________________
- He needed to make some changes so in 1758, King George appointed ___________ as prime minister & sec. of state of Britain
- Pitt offered words of encouragement to the colonists & this brought him greater ________________ from colonial legislatures
- He sent troops and supplies from Great Britain, & he appointed only the finest officers
- Great Britain & the colonies formed an army of ___________ as it had more soldiers than all French soldiers in the New World
- The colonists gained _______________ in the British leadership as they were prepared to fight the enemy & win the war
The Capture of Fort Duquesne
- The British colonial army returned to __________________ and defeated the French
- The British led several thousand colonial soldiers against _______________________ in 1758
- Upon seeing this army approach, the French set the fort __________ and __________
- The capture of Fort ___________________ was an important turning point in the war
What Were the Final Stages of the War?
- The British, under James Wolfe, destroyed a French fleet of reinforcements (additional soldiers) about to leave _________
- The British & the ____________________ Indians captured Fort Niagara for the British
- The British also captured two French forts and renamed them Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point in upper _______________
- The British needed one major victory to force the French to surrender
- The stronghold of the French was _____________, Canada (a stronghold is a place that is well protected from attack)
- The French leader (General Montcalm) was sure his position was protected by its __________ __________
- The British, under James Wolfe, led a fleet of ships up the St. Lawrence River to __________________
- He discovered a path that led up the cliffs to the plains above
- They fought the battle at daybreak on Sept. 13, 1759 and the __________ won
- Both the British and the French leader of that battle died in that battle & France eventually surrendered in _________
What Happened After the War?
- The ________________________________ was signed in 1763 (a treaty is an agreement to end fighting)
1. France gave Great Britain the land east of the Mississippi River, except _____________________
2. The area of Louisiana west of the Mississippi and New Orleans, which France had claimed, went to ________
3. Great Britain got the territory of ______________ from Spain in exchange for ___________
4. France kept two islands south of Newfoundland & some islands off the __________ ____________
- After the war, ______________________ was the strongest nation in the world
- It would have to look to the colonies for higher taxes to __________ for the __________
- Now that the French were no longer a threat to them, the colonists would not have to depend on Great Britain for _________
Thought Provoker: How might the U.S. be different today if the British had lost the French and Indian W