satellite monitoring

SOY
MORATORIUM
MAPPING AND MONITORING SOYBEAN
IN THE AMAZON BIOME – 5TH YEAR
2012
2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Soy Moratorium in the Amazon Biome was renewed for the
fifth time in October 2011, continuing the commitment made
by the industry and exporter members of ABIOVE (Brazilian
Vegetable Oil Industries Association) and ANEC (National Grain
Exporters Association) not to acquire soybeans originating
from areas in the Amazon Biome deforested after July 2006.
For this fifth monitoring cycle, the Soy Task Force (GTS),
whose members are representatives of ABIOVE’s and ANEC’s
members, the Ministry of the Environment, Bank of Brazil
and civil society organizations (Conservação Internacional,
Greenpeace, IPAM–Institute of Environmental Research in the
Amazon, TNC and WWF-Brasil), maintained the partnership with
INPE (National Space Research Institute) to detect the presence
of annual crops in deforested areas through interpretation of
satellite images. To generate reliable information on the current
participation of soybean in the Amazon Biome’s deforestation
process, the data bases of FUNAI (National Native Indians
Foundation), IBAMA (Brazilian Environmental & Renewable
Natural Resources Institute), IBGE (Brazilian Geographic &
Statistical Institute), IMAZON (Institute of the Amazon People &
Environment) and INPE were used.
The company, Geoambiente Sensoriamento Remoto Ltda., was
hired for the second consecutive year to make the aerial survey
to identify soybean plantations in the areas with annual crops
previously selected by INPE. To consolidate the aerial survey
information, field visits were also made to all rural properties
with the presence of soybean in recent deforested areas.
By using satellite images combined with aerial survey to
monitor deforestations since the beginning of the Soy
Moratorium in 2006, it was possible to identify the presence
of soybeans on 18,410 hectares (71 square miles) of recent
deforestations. During this same period (2006-2011), total
deforestation in the Amazon Biome was 4.51 million hectares
(17,413 square miles), of which 3.47 million hectares (13,398
square miles), or 77%, were located in the three soy producing
states that were monitored under the Moratorium (Mato
Grosso, Pará and Rondônia). In these states, the 58 monitored
municipalities are responsible for 98% of the soybean planted
in the Amazon Biome.
Soybean plantation in the Amazon Biome, on land that was
deforested during the Soy Moratorium, corresponds to 0.41% of
all deforestation, or 0.53% of the deforestation in the three soyproducing states, or even 3.04% of the deforestation in the soyproducing municipalities. In crop year 2011/12 Brazil planted
24.8 million hectares (95,753 square miles) of soybeans, with
2.1 million hectares (8,108 square miles) in the Amazon Biome.
This report describes the methodology and presents the results
obtained in the fifth year of the Soy Moratorium’s monitoring
cycle. The site www.abiove.com.br has the detailed information
on the deforested polygons, including the satellite images,
panoramic aerial photographs and field visits that make up this
study.
3
I INTRODUCTION
The Soy Moratorium in the Amazon Biome, which represents 49% of the country’s territory and has over 20 million
inhabitants, was signed on July 24, 2006 by the industry and exporter members of ABIOVE (Brazilian Vegetable Oil
Industries Association) and ANEC (National Grain Exporters Association). The Moratorium was renewed for the fifth time
in October 2011, with its commitment that the companies not acquire soybeans from areas of the Amazon Biome that were
deforested after July 2006 (Lovatelli, 2011).
The deforested and monitored areas were obtained from the data base of PRODES¹ (Program for Calculating Deforestation
in Brazil’s Legal Amazon). In the first two years, corresponding to crop years 2007/08 and 2008/09, monitoring was done
on a sampling basis. In the first crop year (2007/08), no soybeans were found in areas deforested after the Soy Moratorium
was signed and, in the second (2008/09), 1,384 hectares (5 square miles) were detected.
Starting in the Soy Moratorium’s third year, all deforested polygons were monitored in a first step through satellite images,
followed by aerial survey and field visits to identify the rural properties with soy planted after the Moratorium. In the third crop
year (2009/10), 6,295 hectares (24 square miles) were identified as having soybean and, in the fourth crop year (2010/2011),
11,698 hectares (45 square miles) had soybean (Rudorff et al., 2011 & 2012).
Certain improvements in methodology were adopted in the fourth year that took into consideration the crop calendar, with
its differences between the northern region of Pará state and the states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso. Conservation
Units, Indigenous Lands and Settlements were also monitored but aerial survey was performed only on private producing
farms. The data bases of several institutions were used: FUNAI (National Native Indians Foundation), IBAMA (Brazilian
Environmental & Renewable Natural Resources Institute), IBGE (Brazilian Geographic & Statistical Institute), IMAZON
(Institute of the Amazon People & Environment), INCRA (National Colonization & Agrarian Reform Institute) and INPE
(National Space Research Institute).
II SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study is to identify soybean plantations in crop year 2011/12 in areas of the Amazon Biome deforested after
July 24, 2006, according to the criteria of the Soy Moratorium.
The study’s specific objectives are to use satellite images for the selection of areas with annual crops in the 2011/12 crop
year, in all deforested areas indicated by INPE`s PRODES system after the Moratorium, and to confirm soybean crops in
those selected areas through aerial survey with photographic recording followed by field visits.
III METHODOLOGY
The methodology of this study consists in defining the area of concentration of soybean plantations in the Amazon Biome
and in using satellite images to preselect the PRODES deforested polygons that are likely to have annual crops. The
preselected polygons are then subjected to aerial survey to confirm the presence of soybean. This methodology is detailed
below.
3.1. Definition of the study area
Selection of deforested polygons for monitoring was based on the following criteria:
1. Located entirely or partially in the Amazon Biome;
2. Located in the states of Mato Grosso (Amazon Biome region), Pará and Rondônia, that concentrate the production of
soybean in the Amazon Biome;
3. Located in municipalities, whose last or current year’s estimate indicated a soybean acreage of more than 5,000 hectares
(19 square miles);
4. Aggregated small deforested polygons (see Item 3.3) to form polygons greater than 25 hectares (61.8 acres), identified by
PRODES in the years 2007-2011.
1- Available on www.obt.inpe.br/prodes/ (Shimabukuro et al., 1998).
2- The PRODES annual evaluations are based on images acquired between August and July of the following year. PRODES 2007 used some images acquired after the start of the Soy Moratorium (July 24,
2006).
4
Figure 1 shows the 58 municipalities selected for monitoring in accordance with the criteria defined above and presents the
boundaries of Conservation Units, Indigenous Lands and Settlements.
Figure 1. Defined study area based on the following criteria: (1) Amazon Biome; (2) soybean producing states
(Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia); (3) municipalities with soybean acreage over 5,000 hectares.
3.2. Deforested polygons of the PRODES System
Since 1988, PRODES, the project developed and run by INPE that monitors and maps deforestation, has estimated the annual
deforestation rate in the Legal Amazon. In 2002, the analogic mapping procedure was converted to a digital system. Images
from the Landsat satellite, which are automatically classified in a first stage, are later edited to correct their classification through
visual interpretation on the computer screen. The deforestation maps are included in a georeferenced data base and are
available on the Internet (http://www.obt.inpe.br/prodes/). Table 1 shows the PRODES data for the states of Mato Grosso,
Rondônia and Pará, related to the polygons in the Amazon Biome, deforested since the beginning of the Soy Moratorium.
All the polygons deforested in the 2007-2011 period, in the states of Mato Grosso, Rondônia and Pará, were selected from the
PRODES data base. These polygons were intersected with the boundaries of the 58 municipalities with soybean plantations
over 5,000 hectares (19 square miles) within the Amazon Biome’s boundaries. Only those polygons located within the limits of
these municipalities, which represent 98% of soybean crop in the Amazon Biome, were selected.
Table 1. Total annual deforested area (hectares) in the states of Mato Grosso (Amazon Biome), Rondônia and Pará
during the Soy Moratorium.
State
Year of PRODES Mapping during the Soy Moratorium*
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Total
Mato Grosso**
237,142
317,123
68,438
65,757
110,800
799,260
Pará
552,600
560,700
428,100
377,000
300,800
2,219,200
Rondônia
161,100
113,600
48,200
43,500
86,500
452,900
Total
950,842
991,423
544,738
486,257
498,100
3,471,360
* The PRODES mapping year is from August to July
** Deforested area in Mato Grosso, located within the Amazon Biome
Source: Adapted from INPE; available on http://www.obt.inpe.br/prodes/prodes_1988_2011.htm
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3.3. Aggregation of adjacent polygons
The GTS agreed to monitor deforested polygons greater than 25 hectares (61.8 acres) due to the moderate spatial resolution
3,4
of the images (250x250 meters, or 820x820 ft.) from the MODIS sensor (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer)
used to identify annual crops in these polygons. The smaller deforested areas, which gradually increase over the years, are
aggregated and included in the monitoring cycle when the sum of annual and adjacent deforestation reaches 25 hectares.
As an example, Figure 2 shows the aggregation of three polygons into one. Before aggregation, polygons 1 and 2 were
smaller than 25 hectares but, after aggregation, passed the 25-hectare minimum and, consequently, were included in the
monitoring cycle.
Figure 2. Example of aggregation of three adjacent PRODES polygons.
3.4. Identification of polygons with annual crops through satellite images
MODIS images are often used to classify soy crops and the results are sufficiently precise, especially in the state of Mato
Grosso. Nevertheless, some classification errors, associated with other crops such as rice and corn, are common. The
results of the Soy Moratorium in previous years show that over 90% of the deforested areas have no signs of annual crops.
Consequently, less than 10% of the deforested polygons present annual crop and need to be aerial surveyed to ensure
the correct identification of soybeans in these polygons. Thus, MODIS images have a fundamental role in the detection
of annual crops, eliminating over 90% of deforested polygons which show no evidence of annual crops. According to the
results of the TerraClass Project, over 90% of the deforestation mapped by PRODES between 1988 and 2007 have pastures
or secondary regenerated forest, with only 4% having annual crops (www.inpe.br/cra/projetos_pesquisas/terraclass.
php).
Identification of the presence of soybeans or other annual crops through satellite images needs to be made early in the
growing season to allow enough time for the subsequent activities of aerial survey and field visit. Based on the soybean
calendar for the states of Mato Grosso and Rondônia, MODIS sensor images from the Terra satellite acquired at two periods
were used: June 9, 2011 to December 15, 2011, and June 9, 2011 to January 15, 2012. Because of the differences in
the soybean crop calendar in the state of Pará, the images for this state were for the periods: June 9, 2011 to January 31,
2012, and December 1, 2011 to March 10, 2012. The method used to detect the presence of annual crops in the deforested
5
polygons is based on the Crop Enhancement Index (CEI) that highlights the variation in the Enhanced Vegetation Index
(EVI) in two specific periods of the soybean growing season: (a) in the off-season, before the soybeans begin to grow, when
the EVI values are relatively low (MinEVI, Figures 3 and 4), and (b) when the soybeans are well developed and show the
highest EVI values (MaxEVI, Figure 3).
High CEI values indicate the presence of soybeans, or another annual crop with characteristics similar to soybeans in terms
of sowing and maximum development periods, while forest regeneration, cerrado or pastures show low CEI values because
of the low seasonal variation when compared to annual crops (Figure 3).
3- Rudorff et al., 2007.
4- Justice et al., 1998; Huete et al., 1999; Justice and Townshend, 2002.
5- Rizzi et al., 2009
6
June
July
August
September
October
November December
January
February
Figure 3. Example of the temporal variations in EVI values for: (a) early and late sown soybeans according to the
crop calendar of Mato Grosso; (b) forest; (c) forest regeneration; and (d) Cerrado/Pastures. Also shown are the
periods in which the minimum (MinEVI) and maximum (MaxEVI) EVI values are obtained to calculate the CEI.
a)
Figure 4a shows a MODIS/EVI image for the period
in which annual crops present the lowest EVI values
(MinEVI), while Figure 4b shows the period of maximum
EVI values (MaxEVI). From the minimum and maximum
EVI values comes the CEI image shown in Figure 4c.
The higher and lower CEI values are associated with
the presence and absence of annual crops, respectively.
Figure 4c also includes a false color image from the
period of maximum soybean development, with the soy
crops shown in yellow.
After selecting the polygons through the MODIS/CEI
images, classification was refined by a visual analysis of
these polygons, using satellite images with better spatial
resolution and partially free of cloud cover. These images
were obtained from the Landsat-7 satellite (ETM+ sensor)
and the Resourcesat-1 satellite (AWIFS and LISS3
sensors) and are available on INPE’s website at www.
dgi.inpe.br/. The 2011/12 crop year was favorable in
terms of getting cloud-free images, making it possible to
refine well the polygon selection for the aerial survey, as
well as accurately indicating the presence of soybeans in
several polygons.
Figure 4. Example of two deforested polygons, with and
without an annual crop, identified through the CEI method:
(a) MODIS image with minimum EVI values; (b) MODIS image
with maximum EVI values; and (c) CEI image showing that
high values indicate the presence of annual crop and low
values indicate the absence, as illustrated by the composite
colored image taken by the AWIFS sensor on board of the
Resourcesat-1 satellite.
b)
c)
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3.5. Aerial survey used to identify soybean plantation
The polygons identified by satellite images as having signs of annual crops were subjected to aerial survey, using an airplane
equipped with GPS, on-board computer and camera for taking panoramic photographs. The photographs of the polygons
were used to identify the total or partial occurrence of soybeans and also of other land uses.
Each selected polygon was identified with:
1. Identification number (ID), with the municipality
2. Name of the owner and the property (confidential use only), obtained through field visits to the properties and confirmed
with the competent entities
3. Land use, according to classification
4. Deforested area, in hectares
5. Area planted with soybeans, in hectares
6. Central geographic coordinates (X and Y)
7. Satellite images and aerial photographs
Between December 27, 2011 and May 23, 2012, 146 hours were spent flying over 31 municipalities in the states of Mato
Grosso, Rondônia and Pará. Apart from the adverse climatic conditions common at this time of year, this stage of the project
is complicated by the lack of infrastructure (aerodromes and highways), communication problems in some municipalities and
difficulties in obtaining information during the field trips.
IV RESULTS
4.1. Selection of PRODES polygons
Based on the methodology defined for selecting the study area to be monitored, 20,314 polygons have been deforested
since the start of the Soy Moratorium, corresponding to a total area of 605,560 hectares (2,338 square miles) (Table 2).
These polygons are located in 58 municipalities in the Amazon Biome: 46 in Mato Grosso state, 6 in Pará state and 6 in
Rondônia state. With the aggregation of adjacent deforested polygons between 2007 and 2011, the number of polygons
was reduced to 14,566, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 shows that aggregation reduced the number of polygons in the smaller categories (≤25 hectares, or 61.8 acres,
and 25-50 hectares, or 61.8-123.6 acres) and increased the number of polygons in the larger categories (50-100
hectares, or 123.6-247.2 acres, and >100 hectares, or 247.2 acres). Before aggregation, polygons with less than 25
hectares represented 77% of the total, while those with over 100 hectares represented 4% (Figure 5a). After aggregation,
the smaller polygons represent 70% and the larger 7% of the total (Figure 5b).
As can be seen, the total area also suffered a residual variation from the aggregation that impacted the representativity
of these categories. Polygons with less than 25 hectares decreased their representativity from 32% (Figure 5c) to
20% (Figure 5d) of the total deforested area. On the other hand, polygons with over 100 hectares increased their
representativity from 40% (Figure 5c) to 55% (Figure 5d) of the total deforested area. In addition, the total area of
polygons with over 25 hectares increased from 321,079 hectares (1,240 square miles) before aggregation to 484,010
hectares (1,869 square miles) after aggregation.
Table 2. Number of polygons (n) and area in hectares (ha), with and without aggregation of polygons.
PRODES
Categories
PRODES - Aggregated
(ha)
n
ha
n
ha
_ 25
<
15,654
192,939
10,192
121,550
25 a 50
2,600
89,333
2,132
73,923
50 a 100
1,167
80,259
1,149
80,238
>100
893
243,255
1,093
329,849
Total
20,314
605,786
14,566
605,560
8
Area before aggregation
Number before aggregation
_
< 25 ha
25 to 50 ha
50 to 100 ha
> 100 ha
Number after aggregation
Area after aggregation
Figure 5. Percentage variation in the number and area of polygons, by category of size, before and after
aggregation.
Based on the selection criteria for aggregated polygons over 25 hectares (61.8 acres), 4,374 polygons were selected: 2,132
polygons in the 25-50 hectares category, 1,149 polygons in the 50-100 hectares category and 1,093 polygons in the over 100
hectares category (Table 3). These 4,374 polygons correspond to an area of 484,010 hectares (1,869 square miles), or 80% of
the area of all deforested polygons indicated by PRODES during the Moratorium (Table 3).
Table 3 shows the number of deforested polygons by category of area monitored in the three states. Most polygons in the
Amazon Biome, within the soy-producing municipalities (over 5,000 hectares, or 19 square miles), are in Mato Grosso state:
2,925 polygons representing 67% of the total. Based on the same criteria, Pará state has 29% of the polygons (1,211) and
Rondônia has 5% (175).
Table 3. Number (n) and area (ha) of polygons, by category of area monitored in the states of Mato Grosso, Pará
and Rondônia.
Category
Mato Grosso
Pará
Rondônia
Subtotal
(ha)
n
(ha)
n
(ha)
n
(ha)
n
(ha)
25 a 50
1,340
46,973
685
23,534
107
3,418
2,132
73,925
50 a 100
767
53,490
339
23,701
43
3,046
1,149
80,237
>100
818
252,909
251
69,927
24
7,012
1,093
329,848
Total
2,925
353,372
1,275
117,162
174
13,476
4,374
484,010
4.2. Selection of polygons with annual crops using satellite images
Through an evaluation of the 4,374 deforested polygons monitored by the MODIS sensor satellite images, followed by a visual
interpretation using medium spatial resolution images, 265 polygons were selected as having signs of annual crops. These
polygons are located outside Settlements, Indigenous Lands and Conservation Units. An additional analysis verified the
occurrence of 134 polygons with the presence of annual crops in Settlements (Table 4). It should be noted that no deforested
polygon, with annual crop characteristics, was found within Indigenous Lands or Conservation Units.
9
Table 4. Number of polygons selected for aerial survey.
States
Polygons
Total
MT
PA
RO
2,595
1,214
166
3,975
Selected (outside Settlements, Indigenous
Lands and Conservation Units)
205
56
4
265
Identified on the edge of Settlements
125
5
4
134
2,925
1,275
174
4,374
Not Selected
Total
Of the total 4,374 deforested and monitored polygons, 3,975 (91%) had no sign of the presence of annual crops. Of the
remainder, 134 polygons (3%) with annual crops were in Settlements (Table 4).
4.3. Identification of soybean through aerial survey
Based on the aerial survey done by Geoambiente of the 265 selected polygons, 164 polygons were found to have soybeans,
corresponding to an area of 18,410 hectares (71 square miles) (Table 5). This shows that conversion of forest to soybeans,
during the Soy Moratorium, corresponds to 0.41% of all the deforestation in the Amazon Biome, or 0.53% of the deforestation
in the three monitored states within this Biome, or even 3.04% of the deforestation in the soy-producing municipalities.
In Mato Grosso state, 131 polygons were identified as not meeting the terms of the Soy Moratorium. These polygons
represent an area of 14,558 hectares (56 square miles) planted with soybeans (Table 5), corresponding to 79.1% of the
soybeans detected in this monitoring cycle and 1.8% of the total deforested area in Mato Grosso during the Moratorium
(799,260 hectares, or 3,086 square miles) (Table 1).
In the state of Pará, 31 polygons were identified as having 2,865 hectares (11 square miles) planted with soybeans (Table
5), corresponding to 15.6% of the soybeans detected in this monitoring cycle but only 0.13% of the deforested area in Pará
during the Soy Moratorium (2,219,200 hectares, or 8,568 square miles) (Table 1).
Two polygons were identified in Rondônia state with an area of 987 hectares (3.8 square miles) planted with soybeans (Table
5) for a total deforested area of 452,900 hectares (1,749 square miles) (Table 1).
It should be pointed out that, of the 265 polygons selected for aerial survey, 118 were in the >100 hectares (247.2 acres)
category and 89 of these polygons had soybeans. The area represented by these polygons is 15,586 hectares (60 square
miles) (Table 5), corresponding to 84.7% of the total deforested area planted with soybeans.
There is a complete list of the monitored polygons in the Appendices (Item VIII).
Table 5. Number (n) and area (ha) of polygons with soybeans, by category of polygon, in the states of Mato
Grosso, Pará and Rondônia.
Category
Mato Grosso
Pará
Rondônia
Total
(ha)
n
(ha)
n
(ha)
n
(ha)
n
(ha)
25 a 50
40
1,118
8
227
-
-
48
1,345
50 a 100
20
1,158
7
321
-
-
27
1,479
>100
71
12,282
16
2,317
2
987
89
15,586
Total
131
14,558
31
2,865
2
987
164
18,410
In this fifth monitoring cycle, soybeans were confirmed in 62% of the polygons selected through satellite images, indicating
that the procedure for classifying areas with annual crops by means of satellite images is still conservative. But there has
been significant improvement in this procedure as compared to the previous year, when 293 polygons were aerial surveyed,
of which 146 polygons (50%) in fact had soybeans. It should be noted that 94% of the polygons monitored by satellite
images, and located outside Settlements, Indigenous Lands and Conservation Units, were classified as not having annual
crops.
Taking into consideration that the number of polygons is cumulative, with a tendency to increase each year, it is important
to have a comprehensive and efficient method for selecting polygons. For example, in 2007, the deforested area in the
soy-producing states (Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia) was 950,842 hectares (3,671 square miles) (Table 1). With the
passage of years, this area in the same states of the Amazon Biome, accumulated through 2011, increased to 3,471,360
hectares (13,403 square miles), i.e., the area to be monitored increased by a factor of 3.6 (Table 1).
10
4.4. Comparison among crop years during the Soy Moratorium
Figure 6 shows that, in the first crop year (2006/07), approximately 15,800
hectares (61 square miles) in 265 polygons were monitored, of which 195 had
an area greater than 100 hectares (247.2 acres) and 70 were part of a small
sample of polygons with less than 100 hectares. No polygon subjected to aerial
survey in this first year was identified as having soybeans. In the second crop
year (2007/08), the monitored area was 50,000 hectares (193 square miles) in
560 polygons with over 100 hectares, of which ten polygons on 1,025 hectares
(4 square miles) in Mato Grosso state had soybeans and two polygons in Pará
state with an area of 360 hectares (1 square mile) had soybeans. In the sample
of 70 polygons with less than 100 hectares, no polygon was identified as having
soybeans.
Starting in the third year of the Soy Moratorium (crop year 2009/10), all
2,955 deforested polygons (≥25 hectares, or 61.8 acres, after aggregation)
in municipalities with over 5,000 hectares (19 square miles) of soybean were
evaluated, allowing a thorough monitoring of the area. In this crop year, 693
deforested polygons with over 100 hectares were monitored, with aerial survey
on 61 polygons preselected from satellite images (Figure 6). In the 2010/11
crop year, 3,571 polygons (≥25 hectares) were monitored, of which 858
polygons had over 100 hectares, but only 113 were preselected using satellite
images and, consequently, aerial surveyed (Figure 6).
Finally, in the 2011/12 crop year, 4,374 polygons (≥25 hectares) were
monitored, of which 1,093 had over 100 hectares. Aerial survey was performed
on 122 polygons over 100 hectares that had annual crops (Figure 6). Thus,
despite the large increase in the total number of polygons monitored in each
crop year, the number of polygons with annual crops selected for aerial survey
has decreased from crop year 2010/11 to 2011/12 as a result of the preselection
process using satellite images.
When comparing the first two crop years with the last three crop years for the
category with over 100 hectares (247.2 acres), there was an increase in the number of polygons that were aerial surveyed
(Figure 6). In the first two years all deforested polygons over 100 hectares were aerial surveyed; while in the last three years
only the deforested polygons identified with annual crops were aerial surveyed.
In the first two years, aerial surveys were made only for a sample of 70 polygons with deforested area less than 100 hectares
within a very restricted region, in three municipalities: 28 polygons in Feliz Natal, 26 in União do Sul and 16 in Vera. For
deforested polygons with an area between 25 hectares (61.8 acres) and 100 hectares, 2,262 polygons were monitored in the
2009/10 crop year, of which 133 were selected for aerial surveys as the satellite images showed signs of annual crops. In the
following crop year (2010/11), for the same size polygon, 180 of the total 2,713 polygons were aerial surveyed and, finally, in the
2011/12 crop year, 143 of the total 3,281 polygons were aerial surveyed.
When comparing the data for this fifth year of the Soy Moratorium (2011/12 crop year) with those of the previous year, the
number of monitored polygons increased 22%, from 3,571 to 4,374 polygons (Table 6). The area monitored in the same period
increased 29%, from 375,500 hectares
4,500
(1,450 square miles) to 484,010 hectares
,
(1,869 square miles) (Table 6). This
4,000
increase in monitored area is similar to the
increases in the two previous years (Table
,
3,500
6, Figure 6). This is a consequence of both
new deforestation and of deforestation in
,
3,000
prior years that has been aggregated. Since
the third year of the Soy Moratorium (crop
,
2,500
year 2009/10), when all deforested polygons
≥25 hectares began to be monitored, the
2,000
number of polygons increased from 2,955
to 4,374 and the area monitored increased
,
,
1,500
from 302,149 hectares (1,167 square miles)
to 484,010 hectares (Table 6).
1,000
Figure 6. Number of polygons with
500
aerial survey, without aerial survey and
monitored deforested area (in 1,000
hectares), for the last five crop years.
11
A comparison of the 2011/12 crop year with the previous crop year shows that the number of polygons with aerial survey
was 10% lower, despite the fact that the total number of PRODES polygons had increased 22% (Table 6). Nevertheless,
the number of polygons with soybeans increased 12%, while soybean acreage increased 57% during the same period. An
important factor associated with this increase is the longer time elapsed since the start of the Soy Moratorium as, in the first
years after deforestation, rice crops commonly precede soybeans, which are usually planted from the third year on6.
Comparing the results for the current year’s number of polygons and soybean acreage with those of the previous crop year,
there has been a large increase in polygons with over 100 hectares (247.2 acres), mostly in the states of Mato Grosso and
Rondônia (Table 7). In Mato Grosso, there was an increase of 31 polygons in this category, an increase of 73%. In the
same way, soybean acreage in these polygons increased from 5,896 hectares (23 square miles) to 12,282 hectares (47
square miles), an increase of 6,386 hectares (25 square miles), more than doubling the area with soy production in this
category. Looking at the same data for the state of Pará, there has been a fall of 31% in soybean acreage, going from 4,147
hectares (16 square miles) in 2010/11 to 2,865 hectares (11 square miles) in 2011/12. Based on these results, 95% of the
increase in soybean acreage was due to polygons with over 100 hectares in Mato Grosso state. In addition, soy grown
in polygons with over 100 hectares corresponds to 85% of this crop that does not meet the terms of the Soy Moratorium
(15,586 hectares, or 60 square miles) (Table 6).
Table 6. Comparison of crop years 3-5 of the Soy Moratorium: total deforested area (hectares); number of
polygons analyzed; area with soybeans in the states of Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia in the Amazon Biome.
Monitoring Cycle
3º Year
4º Year
5º Year
302,149
375,500
+24%
484,010
+29%
2.955
3,571
+20%
4,374
+22%
Number of polygons with aerial surveys
Variation related to the previous crop year
194
293
+51%
265
-10%
Number of polygons with soybeans
Variation related to the previous crop year
76
146
+92%
164
+12%
Soybean acreage (hectares), category >100 hectares
Variation related to the previous crop year
4,899
8,346
+70%
15,586
+87%
Soybean acreage (hectares)
Variation related to the previous crop year
6,295
11,698
+85%
18,410
+57%
Total deforested area in hectares, with ≥25 hectares
Variation related to the previous crop year
Number of polygons monitored by satellite images
Variation related to the previous crop year
Table 7. Comparison of the number of polygons with soybeans and soybean acreage (hectares) by category of
polygons, in the states of Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia, in crop years 2010/11 and 2011/12.
State
MT
Number of Polygons
PA
RO
MT
Area (hectares)
PA
RO
6- Sorrensen, 2004; Morton et al., 2006.
Crop Year
25 - 50 ha
50 - 100 ha
>100 ha
Total
2010/11
2011/12
2010/11
2011/12
2010/11
2011/12
2010/11
2011/12
2010/11
2011/12
2010/11
2011/12
40
40
17
8
1
0
1,149
1,118
418
227
29
0
23
20
10
7
0
0
1,340
1,158
445
321
0
0
42
71
13
16
0
2
5,896
12,282
3,284
2,317
0
987
105
131
40
31
1
2
8,385
14,558
4,147
2,865
29
987
12
4.5. Likely causes for the increase of soy plantations in deforested polygons
Compared to last year’s figures, there has been an increase this year of about 12% in the number of polygons planted with
soybeans, from 146 polygons to 164 polygons, while the planted area has increased from 11,698 hectares (45 square miles) to
18,410 hectares (71 square miles), an increase in the order of 57% (Table 6). This increase can be attributed to the following
factors:
a) Increase in the monitored area, from 375,500 hectares (1,450 square miles) in 2010/11 to 484,010 hectares (1,869 square
miles) in 2011/12;
b) Favorable market scenario;
c) More time elapsed since deforestation, as it is the usual practice to grow rice for a year or two before planting soybeans in
recently deforested areas.
Year of Deforestation
Item (c) above is represented by the result of the intersection between the area identified with soybeans and the PRODES
date for the deforestation, shown in Figure 7. As can be seen, 39% (7,166 hectares, or 28 square miles) of the area with soy
production was mapped by PRODES as having been deforested in 2007, while 2% (395 hectares, or 1.5 square miles) was in
areas deforested in 2011. Of the 18,410 hectares (71 square miles) of soybeans planted in this year, 83% (15,320 hectares, or
59 square miles) have been planted on deforestations with three years or more: 7,166 hectares (28 square miles) deforested in
2007; 5,145 hectares (20 square miles) in 2008; and 3,009 hectares (12 square miles) in 2009, as shown in Figure 7.
395
2,695
3,009
5,145
7,166
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
Soy Acreage (hectares)
Figure 7. Area planted with soybeans by year of deforestation.
4.6. Relevance of soy plantings in recent Amazon Biome deforestation
The Brazilian soybean production of crop year 2011/12, despite adverse climatic conditions, was 66.4 million tons. Soy acreage
increased about 3.5%, but soy yield was 14.9% lower than the previous crop year. The effects of the drought were felt mostly by
producers in the South-Central region of Brazil, while the states monitored under the terms of the Soy Moratorium had smaller
yield losses than other states (CONAB, 2012).
The results obtained in this fifth monitoring cycle show that, during the Soy Moratorium, soy planting occurred in only 0.41% of
the total deforested area. This is 0.07% of the total area planted with soybeans in Brazil for the crop year 2011/12. In view of
the results presented, there are strong indications that the Soy Moratorium has inhibited the advance of deforestation for the
purpose of planting soybeans in the Amazon Biome during the past five years.
In the 2011/12 crop year, soybeans planted in deforested polygons during the Soy Moratorium represent 0.87% of the total
soybean acreage in the Amazon Biome (Table 8). In the state of Mato Grosso, responsible for 88% of the Amazon Biome’s
soybean acreage, soybeans planted in deforested polygons during the Soy Moratorium represent 0.78% of the total soybean
acreage in the Amazon Biome (Table 8). Mato Grosso state is responsible for 79% of the soybean acreage that does not
comply with the terms of the Soy Moratorium.
13
Table 8. Comparison of soybean acreage in the Soy Moratorium polygons and the estimated total soybean
acreage within the Amazon Biome, in the selected municipalities (>5,000 hectares), by state.
State
Soybean acreage in the Amazon Biome (ha)
Polygons of the Moratorium
Estimated Total
% of the Total
Mato Grosso
14,558
1,851,859
0.78%
Pará
2,865
116,600
2.45%
987
143,300
0.68%
18,410
2,111,759
0.87%
Rondônia
Total
Figure 8 shows a graph of the Amazon Biome’s deforested area, the deforested area in the monitored municipalities and
the soybean acreage during the Soy Moratorium. This Figure shows that the monitored municipalities were responsible for
13.4% of the deforestation in the Amazon Biome, with 3.04% of this area converted to soybeans in the 2011/12 crop year.
4,515
Area (in 1,000 hectares)
5,000
3,896
4,000
3,196
2,438
3,000
2,000
1,151
1,000
0.00
1.39
6.30
11.70
18.41
PRODES deforestation in the Amazon Biome, accumulated after 2007
PRODES deforestation in monitored municipalities of the Amazon Biome, accumulated after 2007
Soybean acreage in the monitored polygons
Figure 8. Comparison of the deforested area accumulated after 2007 and the soybean acreage in the context of
the Soy Moratorium.
14
v CONCLUSIONS
With the satellite images and the panoramic aerial photographs
recorded during the aerial survey, it was possible to map 18,410
hectares (71 square miles) of soybean planted in the 2011/12
crop year, in deforested areas after the Soy Moratorium was
signed on July 24, 2006. The state of Mato Grosso had the
biggest participation in soy plantings (14,558 hectares, or 56
square miles), followed by Pará state (2,865 hectares, or 11
square miles) and Rondônia state (987 hectares, or 3.8 square
miles). Compared with the previous year, soybean acreage in
Mato Grosso state increased from 8,385 hectares (32 square
miles) to 14,558 hectares (56 square miles), an increase of
74%, while in the state of Pará soy acreage fell from 4,147
hectares (16 square miles) to 2,865 hectares (11 square miles), a
reduction of 31%.
The 18,410 hectares that are not in agreement with the Soy
Moratorium correspond to 0.53% of the deforestation in the
states of Mato Grosso (Amazon Biome), Pará and Rondônia.
Total deforestation within that area, in the five-year period
2007-2011, was 3.47 million (13,398 square miles). Based on the
Soy Moratorium study, we can conclude that soybeans are not
playing an important role in the deforestation of the Amazon
as they represent only 3.04% of the deforestation in the soyproducing municipalities and 0.41% of the deforested area in
the Amazon Biome as a whole.
The area deforested during the five-year period 2007-2011, in
the states of Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia, is significant.
However, in this period, we have also seen the lowest
deforestation rates in the Legal Amazon in an historic series of
24 years (INPE, 2012).
The use of satellite images to monitor deforested areas, with
a view to identifying agricultural crops, makes it possible
to evaluate practically all the area of influence for soybean
crops in the Amazon Biome. We can therefore conclude that
the monitoring done under the terms of the Soy Moratorium
ensures high reliability in the identification and the mapping of
soybean plantings in deforested areas.
In synthesis, the process of carefully analyzing satellite images,
followed by aerial surveys with photographic records and
identification during field visits to the rural property, makes it
possible for the industries and exporters who participate in the
Soy Moratorium to comply with their commitment not to acquire
soybeans from deforested areas of the Amazon Biome.
Bernardo Rudorff
Technical Coordinator
INPE
Carlo Lovatelli
President
ABIOVE
Izabel Cecarelli
Director
Geoambiente
15
vi BIBLIOGRAPHY
- CONAB - Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento. Acompanhamento de safra brasileira de grãos – 9º levantamento.
Brasilia, 2012. pg. 34.
- Huete, A., C. Justice and W. Van Leeuwen. MODIS Vegetation Index (MOD 13): Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document
(version 3): National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 2006: 129 p. 1999.
- INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais. MONITORAMENTO DA FLORESTA AMAZÔNICA BRASILEIRA
POR SATÉLITE - Estimativas Anuais de desflorestamento desde 1988 até 2011. Available at: http://www.obt.inpe.br/
prodes/prodes_1988_2011.htm, (accessed on 10 June 2012).
- Justice, C. and J. Townshend. Special issue on the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS): a new
generation of land surface monitoring. Remote Sensing of Environment, v.83, n.1-2, p.1-2, 2002.
- Justice, C. O., E. Vermote, J. R. G. Townshend, R. Defries, D. P. Roy, D. K. Hall, V. V. Salomonson, J. L. Privette, G.
Riggs, A. Strahler, W. Lucht, R. B. Myneni, Y. Knyazikhin, S. W. Running, R. R. Nemani, W. Zhengming, A. R. Huete,
W. Van Leeuwen, R. E. Wolfe, L. Giglio, J. Muller, P. Lewis and M. J. Barnsley. The Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS): land remote sensing for global change research. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE
Transactions on, v.36, n.4, p.1228-1249, 1998.
- Lovatelli, C. Cinco anos da Moratória da Soja e sustentabilidade do Bioma Amazônia. Política Externa, 20, p.125-137,
2011.
- Morton, D. C., R. S. Defries, Y. E. Shimabukuro, L. O. Anderson, E. Arai, F. D. Espirito-Santo, R. Freitas and J.
Morisette. Cropland expansion changes deforestation dynamics in the southern Brazilian Amazon. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v.103, n.39, p.14637-14641, 2006.
- Rudorff, B.F.T.; Shimabukuro, Y.E.; Ceballos, J.C. (Coord.). Sensor MODIS e suas Aplicações Ambientais no Brasil.
1.ed. São José dos Campos: Editora Parêntese, 2007. 425 p.
- Rudorff, B.F.T., Adami, M., Aguiar, D.A., Moreira, M.A., Mello, M.P., Fabiani, L., Amaral, D.F., Pires, B.M. The Soy
Moratorium in the Amazon Biome Monitored by Remote Sensing Images. Remote Sensing, v.3, p.185-202, 2011.
- Rudorff, B.F.T.; Adami, M.; Risso, J.; de Aguiar, D.A.; Pires, B.; Amaral, D.; Fabiani, L.; Cecarelli, I. Remote Sensing
Images to Detect Soy Plantations in the Amazon Biome - The Soy Moratorium Initiative. Sustainability, v.4, p.1074-1088,
2012.
- Rizzi, R., Risso, J., Epiphanio, R.D.V., Rudorff, B.F.T., Formaggio, A.R., Shimabukuro, Y.E., Fernandes, S.L. Estimativa
da área de soja no Mato Grosso por meio de imagens MODIS. XIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto.
Anais... INPE, Natal, pp. 387-394, 2009.
- Shimabukuro, Y. E., G. T. Batista, E. M. K. Mello, J. C. Moreira and V. Duarte. Using shade fraction image segmentation
to evaluate deforestation in Landsat Thematic Mapper images of the Amazon Region. International Journal of Remote
Sensing, v.19, n.3, p.535 – 541, 1998.
- Sorrensen, C. Contributions of fire use study to land use/cover change frameworks: Understanding landscape change in
agricultural frontiers. Human Ecology, v.32, n.4, p.395-420, 2004.
VII TECHNICAL TEAM
7.1. INPE
- Technical Coordinator: Bernardo Rudorff
- Analysts: Marcos Adami e Joel Risso
- Staff: Fernando Yuzo Sato, Moisés Pereira Galvão Salgado and Magog Araújo de Carvalho
7.2. GEOAMBIENTE
- General Coordinator: Izabel Cecarelli
- Technical Coordinator: Leandro Fabiani
7.3. ABIOVE
- General Coordinator: Fábio Trigueirinho
- Technical Coordinator: Bernardo Machado Pires
- Technical Team: Alice Hernandes Motta, Daniel Furlan Amaral and Gabriel Levy
16
For additional information on the Soy Moratorium consult the site:
www.abiove.com.br
1476
Area of
Polygon (ha)
97.56
1181
36.32
MT
Canarana
Regeneration
1199
154.84
MT
Canarana
Soy
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
MT
Bom Jesus do Araguaia
Rice/Deforestation
Land Use:
Soy
Area of Polygon:
154.84 ha
Soy area:
154.84 ha
Aerial survey date:
2012, January
17
VIII APPENDICES
8.1. Polygons aerial suveyed in the state of Mato Grosso (MT)
1476
Area of
Polygon (ha)
97.56
1181
36.32
MT
Canarana
Regeneration
1199
154.84
MT
Canarana
Soy
1216
38.81
MT
Canarana
Soy
342
106.86
MT
Cláudia
Rice
349
94.02
MT
Cláudia
Rice/Regeneration/Deforestation
1820
123.68
MT
Cláudia
Soy
2101
178.34
MT
Cláudia
Deforestation/Rice/Soy
2369
580.32
MT
Cláudia
Deforestation
2436
337.89
MT
Cláudia
Deforestation/Soy/Rice
2537
41.73
MT
Cláudia
Soy/Rice/Deforestation
2587
89.27
MT
Cláudia
Pastures/Soy
2606
85.58
MT
Cláudia
Soy/Regeneration
2625
82.66
MT
Cláudia
Rice
2769
35.28
MT
Cláudia
Soy
1135
83.88
MT
Comodoro
Soy
1434
37.01
MT
Comodoro
Soy
68
268.93
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Soy/Regeneration
96
29.03
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
286
201.64
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy/Deforestation
4493
26.08
MT
Feliz Natal
Regeneration/Soy
1322
578.96
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Soy/Pastures
1348
226.58
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Pastures
1371
175.00
MT
Feliz Natal
Regeneration
1374
424.03
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Regeneration
1388
968.62
MT
Feliz Natal
Rice/Deforestation
1389
536.99
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Pastures/Soy
1426
197.16
MT
Feliz Natal
Regeneration/Soy
1439
348.78
MT
Feliz Natal
Regeneration/Soy
1471
73.43
MT
Feliz Natal
Pastures/Reforestation
1473
193.30
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Soy
1483
29.90
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
1485
46.65
MT
Feliz Natal
Pastures/Regeneration
1493
41.40
MT
Feliz Natal
Regeneration/Soy
1510
220.71
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation
1519
185.45
MT
Feliz Natal
Rice/Soy/Deforestation
1567
53.08
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Regeneration
1585
262.24
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation
1615
297.96
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
1641
53.77
MT
Feliz Natal
Rice/Soy/Deforestation
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
MT
Bom Jesus do Araguaia
Rice/Deforestation
18
1665
Area of
Polygon (ha)
620.74
1677
165.35
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
1679
30.33
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
1684
29.57
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Pastures
1693
539.30
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Soy/Rice
1726
54.06
MT
Feliz Natal
Rice/Soy/Regeneration
1755
42.84
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
1762
543.09
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Rice/Soy
1794
173.30
MT
Feliz Natal
Rice/Soy
1850
1,100.87
MT
Feliz Natal
Deforestation/Soy/Regeneration
1883
105.46
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
1901
159.03
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
2038
26.88
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy
2059
45.66
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy/Deforestation
2080
58.57
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy/Regeneration
2122
412.77
MT
Feliz Natal
Soy/Pastures
23
265.60
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Deforestation/Soy
34
29.62
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Regeneration
36
93.14
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy/Regeneration
37
440.93
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Deforestation/Rice/Soy
1023
29.46
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Reforestation
1024
255.46
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy
775
58.51
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Corn
792
481.97
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy/Rice
812
29.94
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy/Pastures
824
87.55
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy
4494
74.07
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Deforestation
900
330.06
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Deforestation/Soy
931
34.70
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Pastures
955
28.27
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy/Regeneration/Rice
963
82.75
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy
968
138.57
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy
971
46.08
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy/Reforestation
978
26.98
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Soy
981
127.02
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Regeneration/Soy
992
69.10
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Deforestation/Soy/Regeneration
1189
1,004.44
MT
Gaúcha do Norte
Rice/Soy/Deforestation
1612
492.93
MT
Ipiranga do Norte
Deforestation/Soy
2227
169.00
MT
Ipiranga do Norte
Deforestation/Rice
2247
93.36
MT
Ipiranga do Norte
Deforestation
2356
1,305.78
MT
Ipiranga do Norte
Deforestation/Soy
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
MT
Feliz Natal
Rice/Soy/Deforestation
19
2829
Area of
Polygon (ha)
30.92
304
95.06
MT
Itanhangá
Soy
1689
2,482.34
MT
Itanhangá
Deforestation/Pastures
1811
186.20
MT
Itanhangá
Rice
1854
37.96
MT
Itanhangá
Soy
2016
48.45
MT
Itanhangá
Corn
2125
113.55
MT
Itanhangá
Deforestation/Soy
273
70.67
MT
Lucas do Rio Verde
Deforestation/Soy/Pastures
1001
30.71
MT
Lucas do Rio Verde
Soy/Pastures/Regeneration
1004
126.88
MT
Lucas do Rio Verde
Deforestation
2900
30.85
MT
Marcelândia
Pastures
3329
25.55
MT
Matupá
Soy
3333
26.44
MT
Matupá
Deforestation/Soy
3117
93.60
MT
Nova Canaã do Norte
Deforestation
989
126.81
MT
Nova Maringá
Soy
1206
28.46
MT
Nova Maringá
Soy
1222
112.63
MT
Nova Maringá
Deforestation/Soy/Corn
1840
423.86
MT
Nova Maringá
Deforestation/Soy
1851
132.76
MT
Nova Maringá
Soy
2112
105.43
MT
Nova Maringá
Soy
2121
41.85
MT
Nova Maringá
Soy
878
40.82
MT
Nova Mutum
Deforestation/Soy
882
44.38
MT
Nova Mutum
Pastures
911
27.83
MT
Nova Mutum
Soy
48
222.37
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Rice/Soy
57
45.23
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy/Regeneration
70
1,456.57
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Rice/Soy/Deforestation
901
123.86
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy
953
635.26
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy/Deforestation
1003
34.13
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy
1062
201.28
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Rice/Regeneration/Soy
1088
64.06
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Pastures/Deforestation
1118
204.37
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Pastures
1241
283.87
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Deforestation/Soy
1276
231.41
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy
1291
142.31
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy
1339
1,104.70
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Deforestation/Soy
1351
26.53
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy
1480
53.87
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy
1550
714.52
MT
Nova Ubiratã
Soy/Deforestation
778
37.59
MT
Paranatinga
Soy/Deforestation
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
MT
Itaúba
Pastures/Soy
20
790
Area of
Polygon (ha)
28.22
821
34.93
MT
Paranatinga
Regeneration
967
248.54
MT
Paranatinga
Rice/Soy
970
334.98
MT
Paranatinga
Deforestation/Rice
1097
1,173.32
MT
Paranatinga
Deforestation/Rice
332
122.17
MT
Porto dos Gaúchos
Soy/Regeneration
2157
99.16
MT
Porto dos Gaúchos
Soy
95
40.68
MT
Querência
Soy
1065
35.65
MT
Querência
Deforestation
1110
861.12
MT
Querência
Corn/Pastures/Soy
271
271.15
MT
Querência
Rice/Corn
1201
76.10
MT
Querência
Deforestation/Pastures
1224
39.13
MT
Querência
Pastures
1262
243.68
MT
Querência
Soy/Deforestation
1282
79.90
MT
Querência
Soy
1302
119.18
MT
Querência
Soy
1634
127.94
MT
Querência
Deforestation
1812
315.42
MT
Querência
Soy
318
55.47
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
1649
325.76
MT
Santa Carmem
Deforestation/Regeneration
1650
578.81
MT
Santa Carmem
Regeneration/Soy
1653
254.36
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy/Deforestation/Regeneration
1690
439.08
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
1744
29.00
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy/Deforestation
2126
71.50
MT
Santa Carmem
Deforestation/Pastures/Soy
2139
33.36
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
2155
41.82
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
2156
57.02
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
2165
175.73
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy/Rice/Deforestation
2214
46.99
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy/Regeneration
2215
67.95
MT
Santa Carmem
Rice/Soy
2228
354.73
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
2230
51.67
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy/Pastures
2240
758.29
MT
Santa Carmem
Soy
2249
170.84
MT
Santa Carmem
Rice
2276
32.97
MT
Santa Carmem
Rice
2285
31.01
MT
Santa Carmem
Pastures
2333
208.30
MT
Santa Carmem
Rice
2354
336.24
MT
Santa Carmem
Deforestation/Rice
323
26.81
MT
Sinop
Corn/Soy
1885
1,260.04
MT
Sinop
Deforestation/Soy
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
MT
Paranatinga
Pastures
21
2368
Area of
Polygon (ha)
40.03
2375
129.41
MT
Sinop
Soy
2425
26.48
MT
Sinop
Soy
2454
133.60
MT
Sinop
Soy
2458
123.43
MT
Sinop
Pastures/Soy
2461
52.86
MT
Sinop
Pastures
2473
58.36
MT
Sinop
Soy/Pastures
2519
25.84
MT
São Félix do Araguaia
Soy
2535
736.61
MT
São Félix do Araguaia
Soy/Deforestation
2747
605.65
MT
São Félix do Araguaia
Deforestation/Regeneration
2770
457.27
MT
São Félix do Araguaia
Deforestation
1049
50.53
MT
São José do Rio Claro
Soy
2206
135.40
MT
Sorriso
Soy
338
25.80
MT
Tabaporã
Pastures/Regeneration
352
562.37
MT
Tabaporã
Pastures/Soy
2550
32.81
MT
Tabaporã
Soy
2695
34.21
MT
Tabaporã
Soy
1887
727.98
MT
Tabaporã
Corn/Soy/Rice
1274
28.49
MT
Tapurah
Pastures
1283
51.70
MT
Tapurah
Pastures/Deforestation
1361
120.33
MT
Tapurah
Soy/Deforestation
1393
42.77
MT
Tapurah
Soy
1525
118.89
MT
Tapurah
Pastures/Soy/Regeneration
1572
33.01
MT
Tapurah
Deforestation
1773
285.90
MT
Tapurah
Rice
294
637.01
MT
União do Sul
Soy/Pastures
2288
77.12
MT
União do Sul
Rice
2305
57.86
MT
União do Sul
Rice
2323
35.44
MT
União do Sul
Soy
2376
47.99
MT
União do Sul
Soy
2434
30.66
MT
União do Sul
Deforestation/Pastures
2467
142.73
MT
União do Sul
Soy/Pastures/Deforestation
2475
111.66
MT
União do Sul
Soy
1328
27.66
MT
Vera
Soy
1342
25.72
MT
Vera
Soy
1581
172.57
MT
Vera
Deforestation/Rice/Soy
1732
74.42
MT
Vera
Deforestation/Rice
1752
84.77
MT
Vera
Soy/Pastures
1897
144.44
MT
Vera
Rice/Soy
2063
34.83
MT
Vera
Soy
584
26.48
MT
Vila Bela da St. Trindade
Soy
586
25.60
MT
Vila Bela da St. Trindade
Soy
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
MT
Sinop
Soy/Regeneration
22
8.2. Polygons aerial suveyed in the state of Pará (PA)
3255
Area of
Polygon (ha)
43.82
434
39.07
PA
Belterra
Deforestation/Soy
4413
29.79
PA
Belterra
Regeneration/Deforestation/Soy
415
29.23
PA
Belterra
Rice
416
32.07
PA
Belterra
Deforestation
4263
77.69
PA
Belterra
Soy/Deforestation
4266
64.45
PA
Belterra
Rice/Soy/Deforestation
4272
47.83
PA
Belterra
Soy/Deforestation
4282
82.92
PA
Belterra
Rice
2007
188.49
PA
Dom Eliseu
Deforestation
2010
94.24
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Corn/Deforestation
2736
134.68
PA
Dom Eliseu
Rice/Deforestation
139
55.73
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Deforestation
226
112.53
PA
Dom Eliseu
Pastures/Soy/Corn
1951
416.50
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Corn/Deforestation
1952
274.54
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Corn/Deforestation
1953
527.90
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Deforestation
1965
225.96
PA
Dom Eliseu
Pastures/Regeneration/Corn
1966
303.58
PA
Dom Eliseu
Corn/Soy/Deforestation
1967
41.46
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy
2012
290.05
PA
Dom Eliseu
Deforestation/Soy/Corn
2735
456.20
PA
Dom Eliseu
Deforestation/Corn
3925
32.15
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy
3929
39.61
PA
Dom Eliseu
Corn
3935
63.64
PA
Dom Eliseu
Reforestation/Deforestation
3936
150.26
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Regeneration
3938
27.57
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy
3941
286.33
PA
Dom Eliseu
Deforestation/Soy
3948
78.73
PA
Dom Eliseu
Reforestation
3962
25.85
PA
Dom Eliseu
Pastures/Corn
3978
162.44
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Deforestation
3980
83.50
PA
Dom Eliseu
Deforestation/Soy
3981
45.51
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Deforestation
3992
442.73
PA
Dom Eliseu
Corn/Soy/Deforestation
4001
109.73
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy/Deforestation
4009
58.72
PA
Dom Eliseu
Soy
4037
25.74
PA
Dom Eliseu
Regeneration/Corn
4213
60.05
PA
Paragominas
Deforestation
4214
73.28
PA
Paragominas
Deforestation
4293
162.14
PA
Paragominas
Rice
4255
41.71
PA
Paragominas
Deforestation/Corn
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
PA
Belterra
Deforestation/Regeneration
23
3034
Area of
Polygon (ha)
60.75
3073
137.25
PA
Paragominas
Deforestation/Pastures
3160
64.48
PA
Paragominas
Regeneration/Corn
3171
430.72
PA
Paragominas
Corn/Regeneration
4186
62.01
PA
Paragominas
Corn
4187
343.39
PA
Paragominas
Soy
4248
106.87
PA
Paragominas
Corn
4252
117.76
PA
Paragominas
Corn/Soy
4398
174.36
PA
Paragominas
Corn/Regeneration
4353
114.38
PA
Santarém
Rice/Deforestation
4436
30.82
PA
Santarém
Soy
4067
42.05
PA
Ulianópolis
Regeneration
395
143.74
PA
Ulianópolis
Rice/Deforestation
2759
232.56
PA
Ulianópolis
Deforestation/Regeneration
2862
307.78
PA
Ulianópolis
Deforestation/Soy
2896
420.81
PA
Ulianópolis
Corn/Soy/Deforestation
4102
101.45
PA
Ulianópolis
Corn
4163
84.87
PA
Ulianópolis
Soy
4170
77.47
PA
Ulianópolis
Corn/Deforestation
4175
25.09
PA
Ulianópolis
Corn
4176
45.73
PA
Ulianópolis
Corn
4178
286.82
PA
Ulianópolis
Rice/Deforestation
4179
64.96
PA
Ulianópolis
Corn/Deforestation/Rice
4180
163.00
PA
Ulianópolis
Pastures/Deforestation/Soy
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
PA
Paragominas
Corn
8.3. Polygons aerial suveyed in the state of Rondônia (RO)
888
Area of
Polygon (ha)
390.26
1103
633.34
RO
Pimenteiras do Oeste
Soy/Deforestation
998
46,59
RO
Vilhena
Rice/Deforestation
1010
39,27
RO
Vilhena
Rice/Deforestation
ID
State
Municipality
Land Use
RO
Pimenteiras do Oeste
Soy/Deforestation
GTS SOY TASK FORCE