Article 1 PowerPoint Notes
The United States Constitution ----the supreme law of the land
“Survived more than 200 years because
______________________________________________________________________________
Enduring Understanding
To understand the ___________________ and make plans for their ____________, you
must first understand the ____________.
Essential Question
What role did compromise and cooperation play in resolving conflict and the development
of the new nation?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Guiding Questions
1. Why do we need a constitution?
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. Why are citizens’ responsibilities to their communities such an important part of
our democratic system?
______________________________________________________________________________
Principles of the Constitution
• Popular Sovereignty – people are the
____________________________________________
• Republicanism – people elect their ________________________________
• Limited Government – ____________________________ of gov’t by specifically
listing the powers its does and does not have
• Federalism – _______________ divided between _______________ and
____________ gov’ts
• Separation of Powers – separates into ______________________ with
_______________ responsibilities
• Checks and Balances System – each branch has some control over the other two
• Individual Rights – Bill of Rights guarantees our _______________________and
____________________
Rights of a Citizen
• Right to be protected from _________________________ of gov’t, have
________________ treatment under law, and have _____________ freedoms (due
process, equal protection, basic freedoms)
• Limits:
– To prevent
______________________________________________________________
– Must be
_________________________________________________________________
Duties and Responsibilities of a Citizen
Duty (requirement)
1. ______________ the law
a. Law serves to __________________________________________________
b. Protect health, ________________, and property
c. Live together _________________________
2. Pay _________________
3. _______________ the nation
4. _________________ ________________
Responsibilities (voluntary)
1. _______________ what is going on in our government
–Be _______________
2. Voice your ______________
3. ______________
4. _________________ other’s rights and diversity
5. ________________ in government
Guiding Questions
• Why might the preamble to the U. S. Constitution encourage good citizenship?
______________________________________________________________________________
• 4. How do the national and state governments share power?
______________________________________________________________________________
Preamble
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish
Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general
Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and
establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Translation:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
We the People of the United
States:________________________________________________________________________
To form a more perfect
union:________________________________________________________________________
Establish
Justice:_______________________________________________________________________
Provide for the common
defense:_______________________________________________________________________
Promote the general
welfare:_______________________________________________________________________
Secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our
posterity:_____________________________________________________________________
*Summary of the preamble _____________________________________________________
Federal System
National Government (Enumerated Powers)
• Regulate ______________
• Coin ____________
• Provide an ___________ and
________________
•
•
State Government (Reserved Powers)
• Regulate _______________ within
•
state
•
• Establish a local
_____________________
National and State Government (Concurrent Powers)
• ______________ the laws
•
• Establish ___________________
•
• Collect _________________
Conduct ______________ affairs
Set up __________________ Cou
Conduct ___________________
Establish public
________________
Borrow ________________
Provide for the general
________________
Legislative Branch
• Consists of:
– House of Representatives = _________________members
– Senate = ______________ members
• Roles:
– ____________ laws
– Control government ____________________
• Impeachment: (means to bring charges against)
– House of Representatives – _____________(main) power
– Senate – trial --- acts as the _______________
• Bills:
– Sent to _____________________ to review
• Committees:
– Standing committees – _____________________ (i.e. agriculture, commerce)
– Subcommittees – focus on a certain _______________
– Select committees – ___________________ attention
– Joint committees – House and Senate (________________________ due to rewording
of bill)
Executive Branch
• Consists of:
– ___________________
– ________ President
– The Presidential ____________ – (Departments)
• Roles:
– ______________ or carries out the law
Chief Executive, Chief Diplomat, Chief of State, Commander-in-chief, Legislative Leader
• Bills:
– _____ bills
– ______
– __________
into law
bills
bills
Judicial Branch
• Consists of: (_______________ Courts)
– U. S. ________________ Court
– _____________ Court
– _____________ Courts
• Roles:
– ______________ law
– ______________ review
• Impeachment:
– Chief Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court acts as the judge
There are 7 articles in the constitution.
Article 1: Legislative Branch
Article 1: Section 1:
• Congress has the power to ____________________
• Congress is made up of _______________ houses: House of
______________________ and the ______________________.
Article 1: Section 2 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Clause 1: _______ year term
Clause 2: Qualifications
– _______ years old, US citizen for ________ yrs., and a resident of the state
they represent
Clause 3: Number is based on population
– the number is set at _____________________ (in 1929) in the house
– reapportionment of seats based on ____________________ shifts instead of
addition
Clause 4: Vacancies
– Filled through special _______________ called by the state's government
Clause 5: Officers
- Speaker of the House is the leader of the _____________________
party in the House and is responsible for choosing the heads of various House committees
Article 1: Section 3: SENATE
Clause 1: member is chosen by state legislature
- 17th Amendment changed it to direct ________________
- _____________ members =___________ per state
Clause 2: 1/3rd of Senate is elected every 2 years for a _____________ year term (staggered)
Clause 3: Qualifications
– ___________ yrs. old, US citizen for __________yrs, resident of the state they
represent
Clause 4: President of the Senate is ________________________ of the United States
– His only duty is to preside over the Senate and the only real power
he has is to cast the deciding vote in case of a ______________
Clause 5: Other officers
- Senate selects President Pro Tempore, the presiding officer who serves when the
President of the Senate is _____________ or has become ________________
Clause 6: Trial of Impeachment
- House has the sole _______________.
- Senate – where the trial is held and the Senators are the ___________
- ___________ Justice of the US Supreme Court is the judge.
- Need 2/3rds of the members present to convict
Clause 7: Penalty
– _______________ from office and prevent them from holding another federal
position
Three Presidents who were impeached:_______________________,
____________________________, _________________________________________.
Article 1: Section 4: Elections and meetings
1. Elections are held the 1st ______________ after the 1st _______________ in
November.
2. Regular session begins January 3rd.
Why the date?
November because:____________________________________________
Tuesday because:_________________________________________________
Avoid the 1st because:___________________________________________
Article 5 Organization and Procedure
Clause 1: quorum
- _____________________ # of members that must be present to conduct sessions
(House = 218 out of 435)
Clause 2: Each house _______________________________________ and punishes its own
members for disorderly behavior and expels if necessary
Clause 3: Congressional Record
- a complete official ________________ of everything said on the floor
Clause 4: Neither house may ____________ (not be in session) for more than
3 days without the permission of the other house (or move to another location)
Section 6 Privileges and Restrictions
Clause 1: Congressional salaries are paid by the US Treasury
- Then = $6/day; Today = $____, _______/yr.
- ___________ – members can’t be sued or prosecuted for anything said in Congress
- Can’t be ______________ while Congress is in session except for treason, major
crimes, or breaking the peace
Clause 2: Congress can’t pass laws that would ___________ themselves
Section 7: Passing Laws
Clause 1: Revenue Bills originate in the House
- chief source = _________________-Clause 2: How bills become laws
- only by passing ___________________
of Congress and signed
by ___________________
- 2/3rds vote by both houses to _______________ a Presidential
veto
- Not signed within 10 days – automatically a law
- “_________________________” – not signed within 10 days and Congress is not in
session
Clause 3: Presidential approval or veto is a ______________ on Congress
Section 8: Powers granted to congress (enumerated powers)
Clause 1: revenue- power to raise and spend revenue
Clause 2: Borrow money by issuing bonds
Clause 3: Commerce
Clause 4: Naturalization and Bankruptcy
Clause 5: Currency - control
Clause 6: Counterfeiting – illegally imitating or forging
Clause 7: Post office
Clause 8: Copyright and Patent laws
Clause 9: courts – federal courts (can establish)
Clause 10: Piracy – power to protect American ships on the high seas
Clause 11: Declare war
Clause 12: Army
Clause 13: Navy
Clause 14: Rules for Armed Forces – regulations to deal with military discipline
Clause 15: Militia – organized by states – National Guard
Clause 16: National Guard – can pass rules for governing its behavior
Clause 17: Nation’s capital – right to make laws for the District of Columbia
Clause 18: Elastic Clause (implied powers): “necessary and proper” clause
- grants congress the power
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Section 9: Powers denied to the Federal Government
Clause 1: slave trade
- regulate with Congress exclusive control over interstate commerce
Clause 2: ___________________________
- Latin “you may have the body”
- A writ of habeas corpus _____________ a person from being held in
__________ on insufficient ________________ or no evidence at all
- May be suspended during wartime
Clause 3: No Bill of Attainder
- can’t punish without jury trial
- ________________________ law – makes an act a crime after the act
has been committed
For example: doing something legal before the law was passed, cannot be
punished when the law makes it illegal
Clause 4: Direct taxes- 16th Amendment- Congress passes an _______________ tax.
Section 10: Powers denied to the Federal Government
Clause 5: Tax on Exports
- can’t tax goods that move from one state to another
Clause 6: Uniformity of Treatment
- can’t ____________ one state or region over another in regulation of trade
Clause 7: Appropriation Law
- protects against ______________ of funds
- i.e. President’s expenditures with _________________ of Congress
Clause 8: Titles of Nobility – prohibits (Cannot call someone a lord or king)
Section 11: Powers denied to the State Government
Clause 1: Limitations – States can’t . . .
- conduct _______________ affairs
- carry on ______________
- control foreign/interstate commerce (trade)
- pass laws that the federal gov’t is prohibited from passing
Clause 2: Export and Import Taxes (can’t)
Clause 3: Duties, Armed Forces, War – can’t . . .
- maintain an army/navy
- go to war (except in cases where a state is directly attacked)
- collect fees from foreign vessels, cannot make treaties with other nations
Additional term
_____________ Domain: the power of the government to _______________
______________ __________________ and take title for public use, provided the owners
receive ___________________________ (the right amount of money)
-both the Federal and State governments can do this