Discovering Cells
What are cells?
 Cells are the basic units of ______________ and ______________ in living things.
 All living things are made of _______.
Cells and Structure
 When you describe what an object is ______________ and how its ________ are
_________________, then you are describing the _______________ of an object.
 When you describe what a living thing is
___________________ and how its _______ are
________________, then you are describing the _________________ of a living thing.
Cells and Function
 An organism’s functions are the processes that enable it to _______, _________, and
_____________.
 Cells are involved in all ______________ of the organism. They work together.
 Each cell carries out the basic functions that let it _______, _______, and ___________.
Those functions include obtaining ___________, _________, and _____________ and
getting rid of _______________.
What Scientists made key discoveries in the early study of cells?
1. Robert Hooke
 In ___________, he observed a slice of ___________ with his microscope and discovered
____________. He called them “small rooms.”
2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 Around _________, he discovered ___________________ organisms with his microscope. He called
them “______________________.”
3. Matthias Schleiden

In ________, he concluded that all _____________ are made of cells.
4. Theodor Schwann
 In ________, he concluded that all ______________ are made of cells.
 He discovered the ________________ between animal and plant cells.
5. Rudolph Virchow
 In ________, he proposed that ______ cells are formed only from cells that already _________.
The Cell Theory
1. All organisms are made of _________or ___________ cells.
2. Cells are the basic building blocks of __________.
3. All cells come from _______________ cells.
 How many years did it take for the cell theory to unfold?
 Why is it a scientific theory and not a scientific law?
Light Microscopes
 focus ___________ through lenses to produce a magnified image
 __________________ Microscope (a type of light microscope)
- can ______________ an object more than a _____________ lens can
- magnifies the image using _________ lenses at once
This compound microscope has a 10x lens in the eyepiece. The revolving nosepiece holds three different lenses: 4x, 10x,
and 40x.
Calculate the three total magnifications possible for the microscope.
____________________
____________________
____________________



Electron Microscopes
use beams of ________________ instead of light
can see objects that are too ___________ to be seen with light microscopes
have _____________ magnification and _____________ resolution
Discovering Cells
What are cells?
 Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
 All living things are made of cells.
Cells and Structure
 When you describe what an object is made of and how its parts are put together, then you are describing
the structure of an object.
 When you describe what a living thing is made of and how its cells are put together, then you are
describing the structure of a living thing.
Cells and Function
 An organism’s functions are the processes that enable it to live, grow, and reproduce.
 Cells are involved in all functions of the organism. They work together.
 Each cell carries out the basic functions that let it live, grow, and reproduce. Those functions include
obtaining oxygen, food, and water and getting rid of wastes.
What Scientists made key discoveries in the early study of cells?
Robert Hooke
 In 1663, he observed a slice of cork with his microscope and discovered cells. He called them “small
rooms.”
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 Around 1674, he discovered one-celled organisms with his microscope. He called them “animalcules.”
Matthias Schleiden
 In 1838, he concluded that all plants are made of cells.
Theodor Schwann
 1n 1839, he concluded that all animals are made of cells.
 He discovered the differences between animal and plant cells.
Rudolph Virchow
 In 1855, he proposed that new cells are formed only from cells that already exist.
The Cell Theory
4. All organisms are made of one or more cells.
5. Cells are the basic building blocks of life.
6. All cells come from existing cells.


How many years did it take for the cell theory to unfold?
Why is it a scientific theory and not a scientific law?
Light Microscopes
 focus light through lenses to produce a magnified image
 Compound Microscope (a type of light microscope)
- can magnify an object more than a single lens can
- magnifies the image using two lenses at once
This compound microscope has a 10x lens in the
eyepiece. The revolving nosepiece holds three different
Lenses: 4x, 10x, and 40x.
Calculate the three total magnification possible for the
Discovering Cells
microscope.
10 x 4= 40x
10 x 10 = 100x
10 x 40 = 400x
Electron Microscopes
 use beams of electrons instead of light
 can see objects that are too small to be seen with light microscopes
 have higher magnification and better resolution