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Chapter 6 Review
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is an autotroph?
A. lizard
B. cactus
C. shark
D. deer
2. In heterotrophs, energy for the life processes
comes from the chemical energy stored in the
bonds of
A. water molecules
B. organic compounds
C. oxygen molecules
D. inorganic compounds
3 tons per hectare. Most of this mass was
produced from
A. water and organic compounds absorbed
from the soil
B. minerals and organic materials absorbed
from the soil
C. minerals from the soil and oxygen from
the air
D. water from the soil and carbon dioxide
from the air
8. The diagram below represents part of the life
process that occurs inside a leaf chloroplast.
If the process were to be interrupted by a
chemical at point X, there would be an immediate effect on the release of which substance?
3. During photosynthesis,
A. animals use the energy of sunlight to convert starch in plants into food
B. animals use the oxygen released by plants
to produce carbon dioxide
C. plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
D. plants use the energy of sunlight to convert glucose and oxygen into carbon
dioxide and water
4. The equation below represents an important
biological process. This process is carried out
within a cell's
carbon dioxide + water ~".~.~. glucose +
oxygen (+ water)
A.
B.
C.
D.
mitochondria
cell membranes
ribosomes
chloroplasts
'Gas
A. chlorophyll
B. carbon dioxide
C. nitrogen
D. oxygen
9. Look at the chart below to answer this question. Which phrase would you choose to fill
in the missing title?
5. The source of energy for photosynthesis is
A. oxygen
B. sunlight
C. carbon dioxide
D. glucose
6. To occur, photosynthesis requires the presence of the green substance
A. tree sap
B. glucose
C. chlorophyll
D. copper
7. The approximate mass of a field of corn
plants at the end of its growth period was
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A. Some living factors in the environment
B. The chemical process of photosynthesis
C. Factors that affect the rate of
photosynthesis
D. The nonliving things that make up a plant
10. The food produced by plants during photosynthesis is used
A. by the plants themselves only
B. by animals that eat them only
C. by both the plants and the animals that
eat them
D. up at the end of the reaction
12. How do animals and plants interact in terms
of the two gases involved in photosynthesis?
A. Animals take in the CO2 released by
plants and release O2 to the plants.
B. Animals take in the O2 released by plants
and release CO2 to the plants.
C. Plants and animals usually compete for
the same O2 available in the air.
D. Plants and animals usually compete for
the same CO2 available in the air.
Answer question 13 based on the following
information and graph.
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15. Eating a sweet potato provides energy for
human metabolic processes. The original
source of this energy was in the
A. protein molecules stored within the
potato
B. sun's light captured during
photosynthesis
C. starch molecules absorbed by the potato
plant
D. vitamins and minerals absorbed from the
soil
16. Plant leaves contain openings that are opened
and closed by guard cells, allowing for gas
exchange between the leaf and the outside
air. Which phrase best describes the net flow
of gases involved in photosynthesis into and
out of the leaves on a sunny day?
A. carbon dioxide moves in, oxygen moves
out
B. oxygen moves in, nitrogen moves out
C. carbon dioxide and oxygen move in,
ozone moves out
D. water and ozone move in, carbon dioxide
moves out
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13. Which species most likely performs
photosynthesis?
A. species A
C. species C
B. species B
D. species D
14. Cellular respiration occurs in
A. autotrophs only
B. heterotrophs only
C. autotrophs and heterotrophs
D. humans that do aerobics only
11. If stored energy were to be released too
quickly, a cell would
A. release too much heat
B. produce ATP molecules
C. become an autotroph
D. become a heterotroph
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The previous graph illustrates the population size
of four different species at different water depths.
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la,
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1-1
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Increasing Water Depth
17. Refer to the following diagrams (A and B) to
answer this question. The energy change in
diagram B is different from the energy
change in diagram A because, in diagram B,
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Species A
••
- • Species C
•••••••
Species B
••••••••
~
,
Object
burning
SpeciesD
As the depth of the ocean increases, the amount
of light that penetrates to that depth decreases. At
about 200 meters, there is almost no light present.
A
Chapter 6/Photosynthesis
••
and Respiration
83
•
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photosynthesis to occur. Your answer should
include the following factors: (a) light; (b)
water; and (C) gases.
Refer to the chemical equation below to answer
questions 24 and 25.
LIGHT ENERGY
B
A. the energy is released suddenly in one big
step
B. the energy is released in a series of small
steps
C. there is less stored energy at the
beginning
D. there is less stored energy remaining at
the end
18. In animals, the process known as breathing
refers to the actual
A. exchange of O2 and CO2 gases at the respiratory surface
B. movement of oxygen-carrying blood
through the body
C. physical pumping of the air into and out
of the body
D. energy-releasing chemical reactions that
occur in cells
19. An
the
A.
B.
C.
D.
animal's respiratory surface must be all of
following except
extremely thin
moist at all times
tough and muscular
near an oxygen source
20. The transport system must be closely connected to the respiratory system so that it can
A. break down gases absorbed in the lungs
B. move gases into and out of the chest
C. absorb gases inhaled through the nose
D. deliver O2 and CO2 to and from the cells
Analysis and Open Ended
21. Explain why plants are defined as autotrophs
and why animals are defined as heterotrophs.
22. Why might the process of photosynthesis be
considered a "bridge" between the living and
nonliving parts of the world?
23. Briefly describe three ways in which the
structures of a leaf enable the process of
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CHLOROPHYLL
24. What important life process is described by
this equation? What are the two products of
this reaction?
25. Explain why "cellular respiration is basically
the opposite" of the process shown in the
equation. What are the two (waste) products
of cellular respiration?
Base your answers to questions 26 to 28 on the
information and diagram below and on your
knowledge of biology.
System that pumps air from the ~
atmosphere within the space
station and distributes the air
within the water in the tank
~
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on,
some off)
Open tank
Water
containing
algae
The diagram represents a system in a space station that includes a tank containing algae. An astronaut from a spaceship boards the space station.
26. Identify one process that is being controlled
in the setup shown in the diagram.
27. State two changes in the chemical composition of the space station atmosphere that
would result from the astronaut boarding the
station.
28. State two changes in the chemical composition of the space station atmosphere that
would result from turning on more lights in
the algae setup.
Base your answers to questions 29 and 30 on the
information and diagram below.
32. Choose one of the two processes shown and
identify the following: (a) the source of the
energy in the process you chose; and (b)
where the energy ends up at the end of that
process.
33. Briefly explain the difference between the
processes of "breathing" and "respiration."
The diagram represents a single-celled organism
known as Euglena. This organism is able to carry
out both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
29. Choose one of the two processes that Euglena carries out. Write down the word for it;
then use words or chemical symbols to summarize the reaction for the process you
chose.
30. State one reason why the process you chose
is essential for the survival of the Euglena.
34. Refer to the diagram below to explain the
process of breathing. Your answer should include the following:
Lung
Base your answers to questions 31 and 32 on the
following word equations of two biological
processes and on your knowledge of biology.
Photosynthesis:
ENZYMES
carbon dioxide + water ---...,,,,,,,,,glucose + oxygen
(+ water)
Respiration:
ENZYMES
glucose + oxygen
---f>
carbon dioxide + water
31. State one reason why each of the processes
shown is important for living things.
B.Exhaling
• what happens to the rib cage during inhalation and exhalation
• what happens to the diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation
• how these movements affect the size (volume) of the chest cavity
• how these movements affect the air pressure within the lungs
35. Describe the four characteristics required by
an animal's respiratory surface.
Reading Comprehension
Base your answers to questions 36 to 38 on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.
Use one or more complete sentences to answer each question.
We walk on land. Even the very name Earth is used to mean land. But lookata
world map and you win see alot of blue space. In fact, more than70 percent-of
Earth's surface is covered by water, mostly oceans. Unseen in these waters=drifting
along with waves and currents->- are countless numbers of tiny organisms. Photo ..
synthetic bacteria, protists, and plants are included in these drifters.SomeOftk
unicellular species are so small that if 12 million cells were lined up in a row, Jheliti¢
would be only about 1 centimeter long. In some places in the oceans, thesemicro ....
scopic organisms are so numerous that a cup of seawater may hold 24 million individuals of a single species, and that cup would contain other species as well!
Chapter 6/Photosynthesis
and Respiration
85
These. life-forms are very small, but their importance to the overall life on the
planet is huge. Tiny sea-dwelling organisms are the beginning food source for almost
all living things in the oceans; and the oxygen they release into the atmosphere is
necessary for other organisms' cellular respiration. It is easy for us land dwellers to
understand that many animals eat plants to get food. We have seen cattle a11dsheep
grazing on grasses in a pasture. The drifting cells in the ocean could be called the
grass fields orpastures of the sea. Just like grass on land, the sea drifters capture energy. from the sun and convert inorganic CO2 and water into organic molecules,
whichbecome important foods for other organisms. On land, plants bloom with wild
displays of colorful flowers in spring. The photosynthetic drifters in the pastures of
the seas are said to "bloom" in the spring, too, as the water warms and nutrients
from .ocean depths are brought to the surface by currents. A great deal has been
learned recently about the seasonal explosive growth of these photosynthetic cells
in the ocean from photographs taken by orbiting satellites.
.
36. Explain why the drifting cells in the ocean can be called the grass fields or pastures of the sea.
37. Describe three ways in which the microscopic drifting cells in the ocean are similar to plants on
land.
38. How has modern technology improved our ability to study life in the ocean?
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