Read and Understand Science Grades 4–6 3FBEBOE6OEFSTUBOE4DJFODF(SBEFTmLVDUHVRXUFHERRNFRQWDLQLQJQRQÀFWLRQ DQGUHDOLVWLFÀFWLRQVWRULHVWKDWSUHVHQWVFLHQFHFRQWHQW 7KHVWRULHVDGGUHVVVFLHQFHREMHFWLYHVGUDZQIURPWKH1DWLRQDO6FLHQFH(GXFDWLRQ 6WDQGDUGVIRUJUDGHV.²DQG²7KHUHDUHVWRULHVLQWKHDUHDVRIOLIHVFLHQFHSK\VLFDO VFLHQFHHDUWKVSDFHVFLHQFHDQGVFLHQFHWHFKQRORJ\ (DFKVWRU\LVIROORZHGE\WKUHHSDJHVRIDFWLYLWLHV FRPSUHKHQVLRQ YRFDEXODU\ DUHODWHGVFLHQFHRUODQJXDJHDUWVDFWLYLW\ Correlated &.$ to State Standards 7JTJU XXXUFBDIJOHTUBOEBSETDPN UPWJFXBDPSSFMBUJPOPG UIJTCPPLTBDUJWJUJFT UPZPVSTUBUFTTUBOEBSET 5IJTJTBGSFFTFSWJDF "VUIPST %FMBOB)FJESJDI +VEJUI)FSCTU ,BUIMFFO4JNQTPO &EJUPST .BSJMZO&WBOT 4BSBI.BSUJO $PQZ&EJUPS )FBUIFS#SBTIFBS *MMVTUSBUPST %PO3PCJTPO +P-BSTFO %FTLUPQ +JB'BOH&VCBOLT $PWFS "MFY$SV[ Congratulations on your purchase of some of the finest teaching materials in the world. 1IPUPDPQZJOHUIFQBHFTJOUIJTCPPLJTQFSNJUUFEGPS TJOHMFDMBTTSPPNVTFPOMZ.BLJOHQIPUPDPQJFTGPSBEEJUJPOBM DMBTTFTPSTDIPPMTJTQSPIJCJUFE For information about other Evan-Moor products, call 1-800-777-4362, fax 1-800-777-4332, or visit our Web site, www.evan-moor.com. Entire contents ©2002 EVAN-MOOR CORP. 18 Lower Ragsdale Drive, Monterey, CA 93940-5746. Printed in USA. Table of Contents An Inside Look at the San Andreas Fault by Delana Heidrich ........................................75 The Common Cold by Kathleen Simpson .....5 Life Science—human body’s reaction to an invading virus Earth and Space Science—tectonic plates and earthquakes Everybody into the Pool! by Judith Herbst ............................................10 Dear Professor Parsec by Judith Herbst.... 80 Life Science—life in the intertidal zone Physical Science—flight and rocketry Why Do Basketballs Bounce? Why Do Eggs...Not? by Kathleen Simpson ...............15 Jocelyn Bell Burnell by Kathleen Simpson ................................... 85 Physical Science—energy storage and transfer Science and Technology—astronomer The Sun’s Radiation by Kathleen Simpson ....................................20 Probing the Periodic Table by Delana Heidrich ....................................... 90 Physical Science—light and photosynthesis Physical Science—history and structure of periodic table Gravity by Kathleen Simpson .......................25 Earth and Space Science—effect on solar system, tides The Mystery of the Melted Candy Bar by Delana Heidrich ....................................... 95 Bouncing and Bending Beams of Light by Delana Heidrich ....................................... 30 Science and Technology—microwave technology Physical Science—reflection, refraction, mirror images Science and Technology—improving airplane wing design A Better Gizmo by Judith Herbst ................ 35 Global Warming by Kathleen Simpson......105 Science and Technology—the process of invention Earth and Space Science—causes and consequences of global warming Just for the Fun of It by Judith Herbst.......100 All Rise by Delana Heidrich ......................... 40 Life Science—yeast’s role in baking and fermentation Here’s Looking at You, Kid by Judith Herbst .......................................... 110 Making Your Car Move by Delana Heidrich ....................................... 45 Life Science—diversity of animal eyes Understanding Extinction by Delana Heidrich ...................................... 115 Science and Technology—alternative fuel sources Comets by Kathleen Simpson ..................... 50 Life Science—conservation and tourism in conflict Earth and Space Science—comet composition and movements McDonald Observatory by Kathleen Simpson...................................120 Asking Mr. Aims by Delana Heidrich .......... 55 Science and Technology—stargazing telescopes Earth and Space Science—types of rocks and their uses Cells: Structure and Function by Kathleen Simpson...................................125 The Greatest Show on Earth by Judith Herbst............................................ 60 Life Science—cell structure and diversity Earth and Space Science—a total solar eclipse Life Science—sickle-cell anemia A Compound Mystery by Judith Herbst ..... 65 Communicating Through the Ages by Delana Heidrich ......................................135 Crooked Cells by Sarah Martin..................130 Physical Science—making chemical compounds Science and Technology—printing press, telegraph, telephone, Internet, etc. A Breath of Wind by Judith Herbst ..............70 Earth and Space Science—how tornadoes form © by Evan-Moor Corp. 1 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 4–6 • EMC 3305 The Common Cold * t¼hhbVaa#>c[VXi!^i¼hhdhbVaai]VindjXVc¼ihZZ^il^i]djiVb^XgdhXdeZ#NZi!^i^hhd edlZg[jai]Vi^iXVcbV`ZV\gdlceZghdcb^hZgVWaZ^caZhhi]VcVYVn# >h^iVa^kZ4=bb!i]Vi¼hV\ddYfjZhi^dc#HX^Zci^hihhigj\\aZl^i]i]^h^hhjZ!Wjii]ZgZ ^hcdXaZVgVchlZg#8ZgiV^can!^i^hc¼iVa^kZ^ci]ZhZchZi]VindjVgZVa^kZ#>i^hc¼ibVYZ jed[XZaah#6cY^iXVcbjai^eandcanl]Zc^ch^YZVXZaa!hjX]Vhi]ZXZaah^cndjgcdhZ VcYi]gdVi# =VkZndj\jZhhZYl]Vi^i^h4NZh!i]Vi¼hg^\]i¸^i¼hVWJSVT#HeZX^ÄXVaan!^i¼hVXdbbdc XdaYvirus# I]^hXdaYk^gjh^hVcV\gZZVWaZhdgi#>i\dZhl]ZgZeZdeaZhZcY^i#>[BVg^VXVgg^Zh^idc ]Zg]VcY!i]ZcidjX]Zhndjg]VcY!^ihiVnhdcndjg]VcY#>ihiVnh!i]Vi^h!jci^andjhXgViX] ndjgcdhZ#I]Zc^iVa^\]ihi]ZgZ!_jhi^ch^YZndjgcdhig^a#J]"d]#Ndjhc^[[!bdk^c\^i^cid ndjgcdhZ#D]!bn#CdlndjVgZ^cigdjWaZ# I]Zk^gjhl^aaViiVX]^ihZa[idVDFMMVi i]ZWVX`d[ndjgcdhZdgi]gdVi#6ai]dj\] ^i^hbjX]hbVaaZgi]Vci]ZXZaa!^il^aa YZhigdni]ZXZaafj^X`an#>il^aaZciZgi]Z XZaaVcY!dcXZ^ch^YZ!^il^aabV`ZbVcn bdgZk^gjheVgi^XaZh_jhia^`Z^ihZa[#I]Z XZaal^aaWZXdbZJOGFDUFEVcYY^Z#L]Zc ^iYdZh!^il^aagZaZVhZk^gjheVgi^XaZh^cid ndjgcdhZ!l]ZgZi]Znl^aa^c[ZXibVcn bdgZXZaah#I]Zci]Zn!^cijgc!l^aa^c[ZXi di]Zgh#7Z[dgZi]ZYVn^hdkZg!ndjgi]gdVi l^aa[ZZagdj\]!VcYndjg]ZVYl^aaVX]Z# 5IFWJSVTXPSLTJUT XBZUPUIFBSFBBU UIFCBDLPGUIF OPTFBOEUISPBU Nostril Tongue Throat 'JHIUCBDLZPVXBOUUPUFMMUIFDFMMT*U JTBUJOZWJSVTNVDIUJOJFSUIBOZPV%POU MFUJUCFBUZPV:PVSCPEZEPFTàHIUCBDL CZNBLJOHCMPPEWFTTFMTCJHHFS5IF CJHHFSWFTTFMTSFMFBTFTQFDJBMDIFNJDBMT UIBUàHIUUIFWJSVT:PVSCPEZBMTPTUBSUT NBLJOHFYUSBNVDPVTUPIFMQXBTIBXBZ UIFWJSVT5IFTXPMMFOCMPPEWFTTFMTBOE FYUSBNVDPVTDBVTFZPVSUISPBUBOEZPVS IFBEUPIVSU8IFOZPVSOPTFTFOTFTBMM UIBUTUVGGJOUIFSFUIBUEPFTOUCFMPOHZPV TOFF[F5IFOZPVTOFF[FTPNFNPSF © by Evan-Moor Corp. "WJSVTQBSUJDMFJT Receptor DPWFSFEXJUIUJOZ HSPPWFT5IF DFMMTBUUIF CBDLPGUIF OPTFBOE UISPBUIBWF Virus UJOZUISFBEMJLF SFDFQUPSTUIBUTUJDL PVU5IFHSPPWFTJO UIFWJSVTMBUDIPOUP UIFSFDFQUPST 5 Nasal cell Read and Understand, Science • Grades 4–6 • EMC 3305 HdbZd[i]ZbjXdjhbVnlVh]^cidndjg ajc\h!XVggn^c\i]Zk^gjhl^i]^i# NdjXdj\]id\Zig^Yd[^i#NdjgWdcZh VX]Z!idd#I]Vi¼hndjgWdYn¼hlVnd[ iZaa^c\ndji]VihdbZi]^c\^hlgdc\# HdndjgWdYn^hÄ\]i^c\WVX`#7ji l]d^h^iÄ\]i^c\¸ndjdgi]Zk^gjh4 :kZgni]^c\ndjgWdYnYdZhidÄ\]ii]Z k^gjhhZZbhidbV`Zndj[ZZaldghZ#>i ^hc¼igZVaani]Zi^cnk^gjhi]ViXVjhZhndj id[ZZaWVYl]Zcndj]VkZVXdaY#>i¼hi]Z lVnhndjgWdYngZVXihid^i# L]nYdZhc¼indjgWdYnYdVWZiiZg _dWd[Ä\]i^c\d[[i]ZXdaYk^gjh4CddcZ gZVaan`cdlh#I]^h^h_jhidcZd[bVcn i]^c\hi]VihX^Zci^hihYdc¼ijcYZghiVcY VWdjiXdaYh# :PVSCPEZNBLFTBOUJCPEJFTTPZPVDBOUDBUDI UIFTBNFWJSVTUXJDF DcZi]^c\i]ZnYd`cdl^hi]^h/NdjXVc¼iXViX]i]ZhVbZXdaYil^XZ#I]ZgZVgZadihd[ Y^[[ZgZci`^cYhd[XdaYk^gjhZh#:VX]dcZ^h_jhiVa^iiaZW^iY^[[ZgZci#:kZgni^bZndjXViX] dcZ!ndjgWdYnbV`ZhVci^WdY^Zhi]ViÄ\]ii]Zk^gjh#>[i]ZhVbZk^gjhXdbZhWVX`!ndjg WdYn`cdlh]dlidbV`Zi]ZVci^WdY^Zh i]ViÄ\]ii]Vik^gjhkZgnfj^X`an!hdi]Zk^gjh YdZhc¼ibV`Zndjh^X`VhZXdcYi^bZ#I]^h^hl]nndjc\X]^aYgZcXViX]XdaYhbdgZd[iZc i]VcVYjaih#I]Z^gWdY^ZhYdc¼igZXd\c^oZVhbVcnY^[[ZgZci`^cYhd[k^gjhZh# IdVkd^Y\Zii^c\XdaYk^gjhZh!lVh]ndjg]VcYhl^i]hdVed[iZc#6kd^Yh]Vg^c\[ddY dgYg^c`hl^i]eZdeaZl]d]VkZXdaYh#IdVkd^YhegZVY^c\XdaYh!XdkZgndjgbdji]l]Zc ndjXdj\]VcYjhZVi^hhjZl]ZcndjhcZZoZ#I]ZWZhilVnidÄ\]iXdaYh^hidVkd^Y \Zii^c\i]Zb^ci]ZÄghieaVXZ# © by Evan-Moor Corp. 6 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 4–6 • EMC 3305 Name e Th Common Col d Questions about The Common Cold Answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1. Describe how the cold virus gets into your body. 2. What happens to a cell after a virus attaches to it? 3. What is the purpose of the extra mucous that your body makes when you have a cold? 4. Why do you cough and sneeze when you have a cold? 5. Why can’t you catch the same cold virus twice? 6. Describe two things you can do to avoid getting colds. © by Evan-Moor Corp. 7 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 4–6 • EMC 3305 CVbZ e Th Common Col d Vocabulary 4ZOPOZNTare words that mean the same or almost the same thing. "8]ddhZVhncdcnb[dgZVX]d[i]ZldgYhWZadl#Lg^iZi]Zhncdcnbhdci]Za^cZh# 4ZOPOZNT responds unhappy settles on stick to 1. miserable 4. destroy 2. agreeable 5. reacts 3. alights 6. attach easygoing kill #Lg^iZldgYh[gdbi]ZLdgY7dmcZmiidi]ZYZÄc^i^dchWZadl#JhZXajZh[gdbi]ZVgi^XaZ id]Zaendj# 8PSE#PY particle antibody infected receptor cell mucous 1. the smallest unit of life; the smallest living part of the body WKHÁXLGPDGHWRZDVKIRUHLJQREMHFWVRXWRIWKHERG\ 3. damaged or made sick by a virus or bacteria 4. something that receives or catches something else 5. a substance made in the body to act against a virus 6. a speck, or very small bit © by Evan-Moor Corp. 8 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 4–6 • EMC 3305
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