Bukana ea Basebeletsi ba Baithaupi
Metseng, ele Baeletsi ba tsa
Molao Litabeng tsa Thibelo ea
Tlhekefetso ea Malapeng le
Thibelo ea HIV Lesotho
Tse ka hara bukana
Moralo oa thuto .................................................................................................................................................................................2
Tsebeliso ea Buka ea Thuto ...........................................................................................................................................................4
Thupelo 1: Kutloisiso ea Tlhekefetso ea boleng (GBV), Tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali (VAW),
Tlhekefetso ea malapeng (DV), Tlhekefetso ea baratani (IPV), Boleng, Meetlo le Kamano ea
Tsona LE HIV...................................................................................................................................... 6
Thuto 1: Boleng keng, litokelo tsa basali, Meetlo - hobaneng ts’ekamelo ho tsona?................................................6
Thuto 2: Likamano pakeng tsa Bong, Meetlo, Litokelo tsa basali le HIV........................................................................9
Thuto 3: Ho utluisisa thekefetso e etsoang ho ipapisitsoe le Boleng. Tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng................. 12
Thuto 4: Ho qhaqholla Bong le litlokotsi tsa Basali - Hobaneng Bong?...................................................................... 16
Thupelo 2: Ho Qhaqholla Maano le Melao le Karolo ea Oona ho Araba Litlokotsi Tsa Basali le
Banana.............................................................................................................................................18
Thuto 1: Maano le melao ke eng, e etsoa ke mang?.......................................................................................................... 18
Thuto 2: Karolo Ea maano ea Machaba, Liphatlalatso le Liqeto..................................................................................... 20
Thuto 3: Liphatlalatso, litsamaiso, Liqeho le melao ea machaba e amanang le Bong le VAW............................ 21
Thuto 4: Litokomane tsa tikoloho............................................................................................................................................. 23
Thuto 5: Maano A Lesotho A Thibelang Hiv Le Tlhekefetso Ea Malapeng................................................................ 24
Thuto 6: Sechaba se ka sebelisa Melao le Maano joang ho ntlafatsa, Ho Khothaletsa le ho sireletsa litokelo
tsa Basali le Banana molemong oa sechaba se senang tlhekefetso?.......................................................................... 28
Thupelo 3: Thlahlobo Ea Ts’oano Le Phapang Ea Melao Ea Naha Le Melao Ea Sesotho....................31
Thuto 1: Likamano le liphapang pakeng tsa melao ea naha le melao ea Sesotho le kamano ea tsona le
tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng le HIV........................................................................................................................................... 31
Thuto 2: Ho fumana mekhoa e bobebe le matsapa a ho nyalanya Melao le Maano le Melao ea litloaelo.... 32
Thuto 3: Fumana likhothaletso bakeng sa ‘Muso le mafapha a mang tse ka akofisang nyalanyo ea melao ea
naha le Molao oa Sesotho ........................................................................................................................................................... 33
Thuto 4: Leano la ho nena tlhekefetso, ho fihlela boemo ba ho qoba lits’oaetso tse ncha tsa HIV, le ho qoba
mafu a ka bakoang ke AIDS (Zero tolarence Agenda) ke eng?...................................................................................... 34
Thuto 5: Morupelloa oa tsa molao metseng......................................................................................................................... 37
Thuto 6: CBV’s le motlisi oa phetoho sechabeng, makhotleng a meetlo, mofani oa lits’ebeletso.................... 40
1
Moralo oa thuto
B
uka e na ea thupelo e etselitsoe ho aha tsebo e hlokahalang le botsibi linthleng
tsa thlaloso le tsebeliso ea maano a muso le melao e amanang le thibelo ea
HIV/AIDS le Thlekefetso ea ka malapeng ho baithaupi ba metseng (CBVs).
Litntlha tsa thupelo ena li etselitsoe hofa CBVs, makala a muso a amehang, baeta pele ba meetlo le baeta
pele ba likereke malebela a manthla litabeng tsa ‘muso, a tla ba thusa ho kenya letsoho ho tse latelang:
• Ho fana ka linthla tsa manthla tsa molao le ts’ehetso ho basali le banana bao eleng mahlatsipa a
thlekefetso ea ka malapeng.
• Ho ts’ehetsa makhotla a meetlo ka melao e amehang eoo ba ka e sebelisang ha ba etsa likahlolo
litabeng tsa thlekefetso ea ka malapeng le tse ling tse amanang le eona.
• Ho matlafatsa ts’ebetso ea tlaleho ea thlekefetso ea ka malapeng ka ho etsa maqhama pakeng tsa
libaka tsa phetisetso ea tlaleho tsa molao oa meetlo le tsa Molao oa sekhooa.
Thupelo ena e its’etlehile holima litlha tse latelang tsa mantlha:
• Ho utulla linthla tsa melao ea meetlo le melao ea naha le ho hloaea likamano tse bohlokoa-hlokoa
ho meetlo, bong le HIV/AIDS.
• O khothaletsa ba amehang (CBVs, baeta-pele ba meetlo le baeta pele ba likereke, mekhatlo ea
sechaba, sepolesa le bahlokomeli ba tsa bophelo ho kopanyeng matsoho ho sireletsa basali le
banana khahlanong le HIV le thlekefetso ea ka malapeng.
Toro:
Ho hlahlella basebeletsi ba metseng(CBVs), baeta-pele ba meetlo le baeta-pele ba likereke, ba phethahatsi
ba melao le bahlokomeli ba tsa bophelo ka tsebo le botsibi litabeng tsa thlekefetso ea ka malapeng le HIVle melao ea naha le ea Sesotho, maano le ts’ebetso e tla tlisa ts’ehetso e matlafetseng le ts’ireletso ea basali le
banana thlekefetsong ea ka malapeng.
Morero/ Sepheo:
Sepheo sa thupelo ke ho:
• Ho fa basebeletsi ba metseng (CBVs), baeta-pele ba meetlo le baeta-pele ba likereke tsebo le botsibi
bo hlokahalang ba mantlha ho hlaloseng le ho kenya ts’ebetsong maano le melao e amanang le
thlekefetso ea malapeng le HIV mesebetsing ea bona.
• Ho matlafasa ts’ebetso ea tlaleho le phetiso ea litlaleho tsa thlekefetso ea malapeng ka ho thea
maqhama pakeng tsa libaka tsa lithlaleho le phetiso ea litlaleho tsa meetlo letsa Molao oa sekhooa.
2
Litebello ka mora thupelo:
Ho lebeletsoe hore ka ho kena thupelong ena barupelluoa ba tla tseba ho:
• Fana ka tsebo ea manthla ea molao le ts’ehetso ho basali le banana bao eleng mahlatsipa a thlekefetso
ea malapeng.
• Ts’ehetsa makhotla a meetlo ka melao e amehang eoo baka e sebelisang ha ba etsa likahlolo litabeng
tsa thlekefetso ea ka malapeng le tse ling tse amanang le tsona.
• Thea maqhama pakeng tsa libaka tsa litlaleho le phetisetso tsa meetlo le tsa Molao oa sekhooa, le
ho kenya letsoho ho matlafatseng tsebeletso ea litlaleho le phetisetso ea litlaleho tsa thlekefetso ea
ka malapeng.
1) Litsebo tsa ba rupelluoa:
Barupelluoa ba tla khethoa ho tsoa ho basebeletsi ba metseng (CBVs) ba sebetsang le balekane ba ba
phethahatsi ba Porojeke. Barupelloa batla boetse ba khethoa hotsoa makaleng a amehang a ‘muso a
fumanehang metseng le baeta-pele ba likereke le Baeta-pele ba meetlo hotsoa metseng ea (CBVs).
2) Tse ka hare ho thupelo;
Barupelluoa batla fumana lithusa thuto qalong ea thupelo tse latelang:
• Litataiso lintlheng tsa thibelo ea tlhekefetso, HIV meetlo le litokelo tsa basali le lithusa thuto tsa
mantlha tseo b aka lisebelisang
• Kakaretso ea litlha – kholo litabeng tsa thlekefetso ea malapeng le HIV-tse amang melao le maano
le meralo
• Lenane la lintlha – kholo tsa thupelo
• Lipotso tse etsoang pele ho thupelo
• Lipotso tse arajoang ka mora thupelo
• Lethathamo la lintlha - kholo tsa thupelo.
3
Tsebeliso ea Buka ea Thuto
B
uka ena le lithupelo tse hlano, engoe le engoe ena le sehlooho se fapaneng
lehoja li amana ka ofela. Ho bohlokoa ho mosebeletsi (CBV) ho ithuta lithupelo
kaofela e le ho ba boemong ba ho fitisa litaba tse nepahetseng ho sechaba..
Utluisisa linthla tse latelang:
1.
SEPHEO 1:
Hona ho bontsa sehlooho sa thupelo eo u tlo ithuta eona. Ho bo hlokoa ho utluisisa sehlooho ele hore u tle
u khone ho amanya sehlooho le litaba tsa thupelo.
2.
Sepheo:
Ka lesakaneg lena, ke moo u bontsitsoeng sepheo sa thupelo ena, ke tseo morupelluoa a ts’oanetseng hore a
be a litseba ka mora thupelo e le linthla tsa bohlokoa tsa mantlha.
3.
Hlahlobo!
Ha u bona setsoantso sena, ke sa boinahano bo tebileng. Nahana ka sechaba seo u tsoang ho sona. Hore na
litaba tse qetang ho ts’ohloa li se ama joang? Ke eng e sieo e ka thusang sechaba sa heno?
4.
HLAHLOBO
Sena se bontsa hore hona le mosebetsi oo ts’oanetseng ho etsoa ke mosebeletsi (CBV). Morupeli o tla
tataisa hore na mosebetsi o etsoe ka lihlopa kapa ka bomong na. Hlahlobo litla lateloa ke litlaleho hotsoa
lihlopheng le li puisano ele ho aha kutloisiso e phethahetseng.
4
Tlhahlollo ea mantsoe a makhuts’oane
AIDS
(Boemo ba bokuli bo boholo ka lebaka la HIV)
CBV
Basebeletsi ba sechaba metseng
CEDAW
Tumellano ho lima Pheliso ea Khethollo le Sekhobo khahlanong le Basali
CPWA
Bana Tsireletso le Molao oa boiketlo oa bana
CRC
Tumellano ho lima litokelo tsa mantlha ts bana
DV
Thlekefetso ea malapeng
GBV
Tlhekefetso ea boleng ba batho
HIV
Kokoana – Hloko e bakang mafu ‘ohle
IPV
Tlhekefetso ea baratani / banyalani
NGOs Mekhato e ikemetseng
SRHR
Litokelo tsa mantlha tsa thobalano le bophelo bo botle
UDHR
Tumellano ea linaha ho lima litokelo tsa mantlha tsa botho
VAW
Tlhekefetso Khahlanong le Basali
5
Letsatsi la pele
Thupelo 1:
Utluisiso EA Tlhekefetso ea boleng (GBV), Tlhekefetso khahlanong le
basali (VAW), Tlhekefetso ea malapeng (DV), Tlhekefetso ea baratani
(IPV), Boleng, Meetlo le Kamano ea Tsona LE HIV
Sepheo
• Basebeletsi (CBVs) ba utluisise meralo e kenyeletsang bong le meetlo,
litabeng tsa thlekefetso ea ka malapeng.
• Ba tsebe ho hlalosa GBV, VAW, IPV le DV.
• Ba tsebe ho arola likarolo tsa meetlo tse roteletsang GBV, VAW, IPV le DV.
• Hlalosa SRHR le kamano ea eona le meelo le GBV le bohlokoa ba eona ho
tekano.
• Hlalosa mekhahlelo e teng sechabeng e tlokotsing ea thlekefetso.
• Hlalosa kamano ea mantsoe a sehloho le ho hopola liketsahalo tsa moo o
phelang.
Thuto 1:
Boleng keng, litokelo tsa basali, Meetlo - hobaneng
ts’ekamelo ho tsona?
Nako: Metsotso e 45
Sepheo sa thuto: Tsebetso ena e ikemiselitse ho etsa bonnete ba hore barupelluoa ba tseba linthla
tsa bohlokoa le hore na hobaneng hole bohlokoa ho sekamela litabeng tsa Bong (gender), boleng (sex) le
Tekano ea Bong (gender equality).
• Bong; ke likamano le liphapang pakeng tsa banna le basali tse sa tsoaloeng ke botona kapa botsehali
empa tse tlisoang ke mekhoa le meetlo ea sechaba.
• Boleng ke phapang ea tsoalo pakeng tsa basali le banna. phapang ea botho ba bona (botona-banna
kapa bo tsehali-basali).
• Boikarabello bo khethollang Boleng ba batho ho ipapisitsoe le botona kapa botsehali: tsena
li hlopisoa ke metheo oa lelapa, phumano / karolelano ea moruo le lintho tse kang boemo ba
sebaka. Boikarabello ba boleng bo bakoa ke litloaelo le mekhoa ea sechaba tse fumanoang li loketse
6
likamano tsa basali le banna. Boikarabello ba Boleng bo fapana haholo hoea ka meetlo ho fapana le
nako ea bophelo. Mohlala: bashanyana e ba balisana, banana ba hloekisa malapa. Sebakeng se seng
o ka fumana moo le banana ba lisang joalo fela ka bashanyana, se seng oa fumana moo bashanyana
banang le boikarabello bo lekanang le ba banana joalo ka ho hloekisa lelapa.
Mehlala ea likarolelano tsa boleng li kenyeletsa –
Karolo ea basali: ho
• pheha
• Hlokomela ba kulang le bana.
Karolo ea banna: ho
• Hlokomela moruo oa lelapa le ho etsa liqeto sebakeng sa lelapa lohle.
•
•
•
•
Likamano tsa Bong; Ke kamoo meetlo kapa sechaba se hlalosang litokelo, boikarabello, sebopeho
sa banna le basali, li kenyeletsa kamoo basali le banna ba sebetsang/ baphelang ha ‘moho ka teng.
Banna ba nyala basali, basali ba hlompha banna joalo joalo.
Meetlo. Meetlo ke lits’ia tsa sechaba tse se khethollang lichabeng tse ling e kaba sehlopha se itseng
sa batho, se hlalosoang ke puo, tumelo, litloaelo le tsela ea bophelo ka moo sechaba seo etsang
lintho ka teng ho fapana le babang. Meetlo e fetisoa ho tloha molokong ho ea molokong o mong ka
boithuto le ho etsa. Moetlo o bonoa lingoliloeng tsa batho, tumelong, ‘minong, moaparong, lijong,
le boitsoarong. Meetlo ke tumelo le lits’ie tsa sechaba. Moetlo o ka fetoha le nako ho latela maemo.
Litokelo tsa botho: ke lits’oanelo tseo motho emong le emong anang le tsona, hosa tsotellehe
boleng ba hae, mohlobo, tumelo le li phapang tseling tse fapaneng tsa batho. Litokelo tsena li keke
tsa tlosoa ke mang kapa mang.
Litokelo tsa basali: ke li tokelo le lits’oanelo tse batloang molemong oa basali le banana ke lichaba
lefats’eng lohle. Litokelo tsena li qolla basali ka lebaka la ho tlaptjoa le ts’ekisetso eo ba fitileng ho
eona ka lebaka la phapang ea thlokomelo le tsireletso ea molao ea banna le basali, ka hore basali ba
ne basa bonahale hantle mahlong a molao, hose matla a ho khetha, hoba le thepa, ‘me ba nkuoa e
le bana ka tlaase ho banna.
Ka hoo ho ea hlokahala hore ho e tsoe matsapa a ketholohileng ho fihlela tekano pakeng tsa banna
le basali.
Tumellano ho Fenya Mefuta Eohle ea Khethollo Khahlanong le Basali (CEDAW) litokelo tsa
basali. Tsona ke:
• Tokelo ea tekano le hose khetholloe
• Tokelo ea ho sebetsa le thuto
• Tokelo ea ho nyaloa le ho theha lelapa – e kenyeletsang thero ea malapa.
7
•
•
•
Tokelo ea ts’ireletso khahlanong le thlekefetso – phumantso ea bophelo bo botle
meleng le kelellong le tokelo e lekanang ea ho fumana li tsebeletso tsa bophelo
Tokelo ea ho bophela.
Tekano ea boleng ke eng? Ke hore hosebe le khethollo ka mabaka a boleng ba motho ka bomong ea
moruo le melemo kapa ho fumana lits’ebeletso; le hore banna le basali bana le menyetla e lekanang.
Tekano e boetse e bolela hore joale basali ba ka kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea moruo, ‘me e tlosa
lithibela tsohle tse etsang hore banna ba be maemong ntlafetseng a fetang a basali.
Mohlala Ketsahalo 1.
MPHO (ngoanana ea lilemo li 16) le THABANG (Moshanyana ea lilemo li 13) bobeli ke bana ba
MAMPHO ‘me ba lula maluting a Lesotho. Ka lebaka la hore ntata bona o sebetsa merafong ea Afrika
Boroa, MAMPHO o kentse mats’oho kaofela ts’ebetsong ea masimong, ka hoo hangata o kopa MPHO ho
mothusa ho lokisetsa tsebetso ea masimong e kenyeletsang ho pheha, ho hloekisa ntlo, le ho hlokomela
nkhono oa hae. Hona ho bolela hore MPHO ka matsatsi a mang o sitoa ho ea sekolong. THABANG le
eena o na le mesebetsi ea hae ea lelapa e leng ho isa likhomo naheng hoseng pele a eea sekolong le ho li
khutlisa ha a khutlile empa hona ha ho kena-kenane le bophelo ba hae ba sekolo ho hang.
MPHO o se a bile a sena thahasello ea sekolo.
Le hoja THABANG a ena le lilemo tse 13 taba ea hore ntate oa hae ha aeo hae bo rangoanae bamo
entse hore a be le maikutlo a hore ke ena hlooho ea lelapa, me hona ho etsa hore a sututse ausi oa hae
hore a mo etsetse lintho ka nako tsohle. Ebile Thabang oa tseba hore ha eng kapa eng eka etsahala ho
ntatae ke ena mo-ja-lefa.
MPHO eena o se a ipolelletse fela hore o tla pholoha ha fela a ka nyaloa ke monna ea ruileng.
MAMPHO o se a elelletsoe kelello tsa bana ba hae me ka lebaka la lithupelo tse ‘maloa tsa CBVs
tseo a ileng hotsona o ikemiselitse ho bua le Molekane oa hae ha a fihla hae hore ba etse (WILL) e abang
thepa ea bona ho bana hobane eena oa tseba hore bana bana le litokelo tse lekanang ho fumana thuho
le tokelo e lekanang thepeng ea batsoali ba bona.
HLAHLOBO
• Ho sebetsoa ka lihlopha, fana ka likarolo tse khetholohileng tsa bong tse fuoang banna
eseng basali, bashanyana eseng banana.
• Hlahloba na ke lifeng tse ka etsoang ke batho bohle ho sa natsoe boleng ba bona.
• Litlamorao tsa liphapang tsa likarolo tsa bong ke lifeng kholong ea sechaba?
8
Thuto 2:
Likamano pakeng tsa Bong, Meetlo, Litokelo tsa basali le
HIV
Nako: Metsotso e 45
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho thusa barupelloa ho hloaea likamano lipakeng tsa bong, meetlo SRHR le HIV.
Ha ho se ho hlalositsoe, meetlo le litokelo tsa basali, SRHR tsona ke eng?
SRHR ho boleloa hoba le tokelo ea hoba le tsebo, botsibi, lits’ebeletso le bokhoni ba ho etsa liqeto
tse nang le boikarabello, le tsebo, tse bolokehileng litabeng tsa boikhethelo tsa Motabo.
SRHR e bolela hoba le tsebo e nepahetseg ka thobalano le likarolo tse e potileng, hoba boemong
ba ho ikhethela motho eo u kenang le eena kapa eo u sa keneng le ena thobalanong.
Ts’ebeletso ea thero ea malapa: E bolela ho ba le monyetla oa ho fihlela lits’ebeletso tse
hlokahalang litabeng tsa thero ea malapa, le lits’ebeletso le lithibela pelehi etc).
E bolela ho etsa bonnete ba hore bophelo ba motho le ba babang bo sireletsehile ho boimana
bosa lebelloang, HIV le STIs; le hore ba ba le thobalano e bolokehileng e khotsofatsang ha motho
a batla ho ba le eona.
Bong le meetlo li amahangoa haholo le khatello ea litokelo tsa basali tse kenyeletsang SRHR. Litloaelo tsa
meetlo lifa banna matla a fetang a basali kaha basali ba shejoa bale tlasa banna. ‘ Me hona ho sekisetsa
basali (ho ba tima menyetla) nthleng ea ho fumana litokelo tsa bona tsa bophelo, ka lebaka la hore ba hloka
tumello ea banna mohlomong le chelete hore ba tsebe ho fumana lits’ebeletso tsa bophelo.
Litloaelo tse ngata tsa meetlo li kotsi ho basali, li lehlakoreng la banna, e leng khatello ea litokelo tsa
basali, tse kenyeletsang SRHR.
Thlekefetso khahlanong le basali e bapala karolo e kholo ho eketseheng hoa tlokotsi ea basali ho fumana
ts’oaetso ea HIV, ‘me ke lebaka la manthla leo basali baleng tlokotsing ea ts’oaetso ea HIV ho feta banna.
Maemo a susumetsang likamano lipakeng tsa thlekefetso khahlanong le basali le HIV a chitja ka lebaka
la bochaba, meetlo, le boemo ba tlhaho. Tsoaetso ea HIV e phahama haholo moo thobalanong e etsoang
ka likhoka kapa tlasa khatello. Maqeba le ho taboha bothong ba mosali li hlaha ha hona le ho kengoa ho
susumelitsoeng ka likhoka ‘me tsoaetso e kena ho oona.
Basali ba otloang kapa ba hateletsoeng ke banna ba bona ba tlokotsing ea ho fumana ts’oaetso ho feta
basali ba phelang malapeng a senang tlhekefetso. Banna le basali ke mahlatsipa a litumela-khoela le litloaelo
tse kang boitsoaro ba banna bo lebisang ho thobalano e sa sireletsehang, kapa thobalano e etsoang mosali a sa
lumela kapa ho sa kupuoa tumello ea hae. Likarolo tsa matla le boikarabello ba ho etsa mosebetsi, le litebello
9
tse phahameng tsa sechaba li khina puisano, liqeto tse kopanetsoeng le tumellano ea ts’ebeliso ea li khohlopo
(condom). Basali ba bangata ba nyetsoe ke banna ba baholo ho bona kapa ba sale banyenyane, hose lekane
hoa matla ho tsoaloang ke kamano ea mofuta ’ona e lebisa ho tlhekefetso kapa lits’oso tsa tlhekefetso.
Liphuputso li bontsa hore basali banang le pale ea tlhekefetso ba tlokotsing ea HIV. Ha motho a sebelisa
li thethefatsi kapa thobalano ho fenya bohloko ba tlhekefetso motho eo o tlokotsing ea ho fumana tsoaetso
ka lebaka la karolelano ea linalete kapa thobalano e sa tsireletsehang. Tlhekefetso baneng e amahangoa le
ho lebisa ho tsebeliso ea lithethefatsi, balekane ba bangata ba thobalano le phapanyetsano ea thobalano le
lithethefatsi molemong oa ho fumana bolulo.
Tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng e na le litlamorao tse matla bophelong ba ea hlekefetsoang, ho kenyeletsa
tlokotsi ho HIV. Motho ea hlekefelitsoeng a kanna a seke a phothuloha ho kopa molekane oa hae ho itsieletsa
ha ba kena thobalanong.
Motho ea hlekefelitsoeng a ka sitoa hape ho hana ho kena thobalanong ha molekane oa hae a hana ho itsireletsa.
KE LITLOAELO LIFENG TSA MEETLO EA SESOTHO TSE ROTELETSANG KHATHELLO EA
LITOKELO TSA BASALI LE NTSETSO PELE EA HIV/AIDS?
Chobeliso: Ena ke tloaelo moo banana ba shobelisoang ke motho ea tsejoang kapa ea sa tsejoeng molemong
oa lenyalo. Hangata ngoanana ea joalo oa betoa ekaba ke molekane eo oa hae kapa ke bao ba mothusang ho
shobelisa. Hona ke molemong hoa hore a tle a sitoe ho khutlela habo hobane joale a sea imme. Ketso ena
ke khatello ho tokelo tsa basali ho khetha motho eo a batlang ho nyaloa ke eena. Mosali ea joalo o behoa
pooaneng ea HIV/AIDS le khatello ea maikutlo.
Manyalo a bana ba tlase lilemong: Ke tloaelo enkang libopeho tse ngata tse fapaneng e bonahala le eona e
phahame haholo. Monna a ka nka morali oa hae hoba molekane oa hae ha mosali oa hae (mma ngoana eo) a
hlokahala. Kapa ngoanana ea tlase lilemong a ka kenngoa lenyalong le monna ea moholo ho eena molemong
oa hore lelapa la bo le fumane molemo. Lenyalo la mofuta ona le sitisa ngoana ea joalo tokelong ea hae ea ho
iphumana ele motho, tokelo ea ho ruteha/thuto, SRHR, tokelo ea ho ikhetela molekane ea ratoang ke eena,
tokelo ea hoba le serite le bolokolohi ‘me ho tsena kaofela ngoana o ba tlokotsing ea HIV/AIDS.
Lenyalo la ho kenela le la seantlo: Lenyalo la mofuta ona le etsahala moo monna a fuoang moena oa
mosali oa hae ha molekane oa hae a hlokahetse. Kapa moo monna a hlokahalang joale ebe moena oa
hae, u nyala mohlolohali eo. Motho ea qobelloang ho nyala kapa ho nyaloa u haneloa ka tokelo ea ho
khetha molekane oa khetho ea hae, ‘me ka lebaka la hore manyalo a mofuta ona ke a sethepu a beha batho
tlokotsing ea HIV/AIDS.
Lenyalo la sethepu: Lenyalong la mofuta ona monna o nyala basali ba fetang bongoe, mabaka a hae a ka
kenyeletsa ho batla ngoana haeba mosali oa pele a sena bona kapa a ena le bnana feela a sena ngoana oa
moshayana kapa ea eba takatso ea hae fela hoba le basali ba bangata. Le ha tloaelo e le hore monna ea joalo
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a tsebise mosali oa hae oa pele ha a nka molekane e mong hono ha ho bolele hore ha mosali a hana a keke
a nyala. Lenyalo la sethepu lena le litlamorao tsa tlhekefetso ea maikutlo ho mosali oa pele, tlhekefetso ea
moruo ‘me le boetse le eketsa tlokotsi le ho beha lelapa kotsing ea HIV/AIDS.
Mosali o ngalla motseo: Basali ba Basotho ba rutoa hore mosali o ngalla motseo, ke hore ha mathata a
leteng kapa molekane a mo otlile ha a ee habo kapa hobolela litaba empa o ngalla motsoe oa hae, nako ke
eona e tla lokisa litaba. Taba ena e beha basali tlokotsing ea mefuta eohle ea tlhekefetso hobane Molekane
oa tseba hore mosali oa hae a keke a tsamaea a keke a bolela litaba tsena tsa hae tse sa mokhotsofatsang.
Ho shapa mosali: Ke ntho e tloaelehileng hore banna ba shape basali ba bona ele hoba khalemela liphosong
kapa ho senke litaelo tsa banna ba bona. Basali ba phelang tlasa litsoso tsa tlhekefetso ea mele ba tlokotsing
ea tlhekefetso ea motabo hobane habana monyetla oa ho kopa thobalano e sireletsehileng. Ba phela tlasa
litsoso tsa hore molekane o tla phetha liketso tsa hae tsa tlhekefetso.
Tsekiso ea thepa ho likhutsana le bahlolohali: Lesotho ke ntho e seng e etsahala ha ngata hore bo rangoane ba
tsekise mohlolohali kapa likhutsana thepa kamora lefu la moena oa bona. Liketso tsena libeha basali le banana
tlokotsing ea mefuta eohle ea tlhekefetso hobane ngoanana ea senang mokhoa oa bophelo o tla amohela eng
kapa eng e tsoang ho mang kapa mang molemong bophelo. ‘Me ngoanana ea joalo ha a na hoba le bokhoni
ba ho kopa thobalano e sireletsehileng ebile o ba tlokotsing ea tlhekefetso ea mele le maikutlo.
Tefo ea bohali: Hona ke tefo ekaba ea chelete kapa liphoofolo e lefshoang ke lelapa la bo mohlankana
ho batsoali ba moroetsana ka lenyalo la ngoana oa bona. Tefo ea bohali ke karolo ea bohlokoa haholo
lenyalong la Sesotho.
Bohali ke sesupo sa hore mosali o rekoa hoba karolo ea lelapeng labo monna, hona ho etsa hore monna a ikutloe
e ka mosali oa hae ke thepa ea hae eo a e rekileng, ‘me hona ho fokotsa bolokolohi ba mosali le boikemelo ba hae
ele motho hobane joale o ts’oanetse ho fetoha seo monna a batlang hore ebe sona. Bohali bo etsa monna a ikutloe
a le matla ho feta mosali ketsong ea liqeto tsa lelapa,’me bo amahangoa haholo le tlhlekefetso ea malapeng (DV)
le khatelollo ea litokelo tsa motho litabeng tsa motabo le bophelo bo bottle (SRHR).
MOHLALA KETSAHALO2.
Ka maloting a Lesotho ho phela mosali ea bitsoang MAMPHO. O ile a nyaloa ka lenyalo la Sesotho
moo meetlo eohle ea lenyalo la Sesotho e ileng ea phethoa. Hoea ka meetlo ea Basotho mosali ha
a nyaloe fela ke molekane oa ha e empa o nyalloa ke lelapa lohle. Molekane oa MAMPHO, eneng
e le eena oa ho fela ho baena ba bararo o ile a hlokahala selemong se fitileng. Ka mora lepato
MAMPHO o ile a bolleloa hore moholoane oa molekane oa hae o tla tsoela-pele moo molekane a
sihileng teng. (o tla sala a mohlokomela)
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MAMPHO ha a ka a rata monahano oona empa ka ho makala ho eena batsoali ba hae ke
bona ba mokhothaletsang hore hona ke mothati o nepahetseng joalo ka ha e le litloaelo le moetlo
oa boholo-holo. Ho makatsang le ho feta ke hore basali ba enoa abuti oa molekane oa hae ba
bonahala ba sena bothata ka taba ena.
Leha a ile a lumela MAMPHO o ne a utloa a hateletsoe a sebelitsoe hampe ‘me a tsitlallela
hore sena se keke sa etsahalla morali oa hae ka moso.
Kamorao ho hotsamaea lithupelo tsa hoba mosebeletsi oa tsa metseng (CBV’s) le lithupelo
tseling tsa HIV, MAMPHO o ile a ba le tsebo ea hore lenyalo la mofuta ona oo a keneng ho lona le a
tsoanang a roteletsa ts’oetso ea HIV/AIDS ‘me a boetse a hanela basali ka litokelo tsa bona tsa SRHR.
Thuto 3:
Ho utluisisa thekefetso e etsoang ho ipapisitsoe le
Boleng. Tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng.
Nako: Hora e le ngoe.
Sepheo sa Tsebetso: Ho etsa bonnete ba hore baithuti ba na le kutluisiso ea mantsoe a sebelisoang ho
hlalosa tlhekefetso e etsahallang lihlopha tsa batho ba tlokotsing ka hara sechaba.
Tlhekefetso ea Bong keng, khatello ea basali, tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng
le ea batho banang le likamano tsa lerato (IPV)?
Thlaloso ea mantsoe;
• Tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali (VAW): ke liketso tse etsoang ka ho khetholoha khahlanong
le basali, kapa ketso ea GBV e ka tlisang kotsi meleng, kelelong le thobalanong ho basali, ho
kenyeletsa litsoso, liqobello, khanelo ea mahahapa ea bolokolohi ebang ke lapeng kapa ka ntle ho
lelapa. Tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali ke letsao la khala la ho se lekane hoa matla lipakeng tsa
banna le basali tse tlisitseng khethollo khahlanong le basali ke banna, le thibelo ea ho iphumana le
tsoelo-pele ea basali.
• Tlhekefetso ea bong ke tlhekefetso e reretsoeng batho ba itseng. Basali ba bangata ba hlokofatsoa
ke GBV ho feta banna, lehoja banna le bona bantse ba hlekefetsoa. Mefuta ea GBV ke: tlhekefetso
ka motabo, tlhekefetso ea moruo, tlhekefetso ea maikutlo le tlhekefetso ea meleng.
• Tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng kapa tlhekefetso ea batho banang le likamano tsa lerato DV/
IPV. Tlhekefetso ea ka malapeng (DV) ke tlhekefetso e hlahang ka lelapeng; e ka hlohleletsoa ke
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Molekane, likhaitseli, bo matsale, baholo ba lelapa kapa mang fela oa lelapa.
• Tlhekefetso ea batho ba nang le likamano tsa lerato eona ke tlhekefetso e ka etsoang ke emong oa
batho ba babeli ba nang le likamano tsa lerato ba nyalane kapa basa nyalana. Tlhekefetso ena e kaba
ka mofuta o feng kapa o feng oa tlhekefetso.
GBV, DV, VAW le IPV li ka nka se seng sa libopeo tse latelang.
• Tlhekefetso ea moruo– emong oa balekane o na le taolo holima phumano ea moruo ea emong.
Ketso ena e etsa hore lehlatsipa le hloke matla a ho iphelisa me a tlamehe hoba mohaung oa moetsi
oa ketso molemong oa ho phela. E kenyeletsa kamoho ea thepa, ho se hlokomele ka mokhoa oa
“sapote”, ho nka mokholo oa e mong, ho hanela e mong hosebetsa kapa ho nka mokholo oa hae le
tsebeliso ea thepa ea lelapa hoa motho a le mong molemong oa hae.
• Tlhekefetso ea maikutlo – mohlekefetsi o etsa hore lehlatsipa le ikutloe ka sepheo le morero le
hobosehile ka liketso tse sa kenyeletseng ho otla empa lehlatsipa le utloa bohloko moeeng. Liketso
tsena li kenyeletsa ho omana, litsoso tsa bophelo, ho boulela, makunutu, hose kenyeletse emong
mererong ea lelapa.
• Tlhekefetso ea meleng– ke liketso tse kenyeletsang ho otla emong meleng, ho montsa likotsi ka
sepheo sa ho mo utluisa bohloko. E kaba ka ho sutumetsa ka matla, ho otla ka ho hong ho thata, ho
shapa, ho raha etc.
• Tlhekefetso ka motabo– ho qobella thobalano le motho ea sa batleng. Ekaba ka ho hapeletsa, ka
litsepiso tse sa phethahatsoeng le thobalano le ngoana ea tlase lilemong.
Peto ea Lenyalong Keng?
Ke peto ea batho ba keneng lenyalong joale e mong a iqobella ho e mong hore ketso ea motabo e be teng le
hoja e mong a sa thabele. Taba ke hore banyalani be ntse ba hloka ho lumellana bobeli ho kena thobalanong.
Boemong boo emong a sa lumeleng ea batlang a keke a sebelisa lenyalo e le setsireletso ho qobella e mong.
Lenyalong kapa likamanong tsa lerato, molao oa litlolo tsa thobalano oa Lesotho oa 2003; karolong ea
3(3) o bontsa hore lenyalo kapa kamano ea mofuta ofeng kapa ofeng e keke ea sebelisoa e le sesireletso
khahlanong le qoso tlasa molao moo ho bontsitsoeng hore:
a) E mongo oa balekane o ne a kula.
b) Molekane ea qosoang o ne a belaelloa ka mabaka a utloahalang hore o na le mafu a fetissoang ka
thobalano kapa mafu a kotsi bophelong ba emong.
c) Ho sebelisitsoe lits’oso kapa tlhekefetso ho kena thobalanong.
d) Hona le thibelo ea lekhotla kapa ba babali ka arohantsoe ka taelo ea lekhotla.
e) E mongo a balekane o ngalile lelapa.
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Kahoo ea iqobellang ho emong maemong ana u etsa tlolo ea molao.
Nahana!
• Nahana ka botebo kabo uena ka boemo bo teng sechabeng seo
u tsoang ho sona.
• Ke batho baba kae bao u ba tsebang ba kileng ba hlekefetsoa
– na ene e le basali, banana, bashanyana kapa banna? Pheletso
ea bona e ile eaba efe? Ba kae kajeno?
Tlhekefetso ka motabo e kenyeletsa:
• Peto- ketso ea thlobalano le motho ea sa batleng kapa ea senang bokhoni ba ho hana kapa holumela.
• Thobalano ea ka morao e hapeletsoang - ke thobalano e etsoang bothong bo ka morao ba emong
empa eo a sa batle.
• Ho kenya litho bothong ba emong - ekaba bokapeleng ba mosali kapa boka morao ba motho ntle
le tumello ea emong.
• Peto lenyalong.
• Ts’oaro e sa batloeng ke emong e susumetsang thobalano.
• Ts’oaro e susumetsang thobalano ho ngoana ea tlaese lilemong, hosa tsotellehe na ngoana ea joalo
o lumetse kapa che! (ngoana ea tlase lilemong Lesotho ke ea lilemo lika tlase ho16)
• Thobalano pakeng tsa ba amani.
• Thobalano e etsoang e mong a sa batle kapa a hatelloa.
• Ho nyaloa hoa bana ba tlase lilemong.
• Ho qobella e mong ho etsa ketso ea ho qhala kemaro.
• Ho hanela e mong tokelo ea ho sebelisa lithibela pelehi kapa ts’ebeliso ea mekhoa e ka thibelang
ho ima.
• Tlhekefetso ea motabo ho batho banang le bokooa ba kelello kapa ba ‘mele.
• Liketso tsa tlhekefetso tse amang seriti sa motho ea motsehali, tse kenyeletsang ho hlekahlekana le
ts’enyo ea bots’ehali ba hae;
• Ho hoeba ka ‘mele tlasa khatello le ts’ebeliso empe ea thobalano molemong oa emong ho una molemo.
Litlolo tseling tsa thobalano li kenyeletsa:
• Ho hobosoa ka thobalano (Sexual harassment)
• Ho hohela bana ka marang-rang.
• Hoba le lits’oantso tsa bana ba hlobotseng.
• Boits’oaro bo kenyeletsa ho subela ho hong ka botho ba emong.
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•
•
•
•
•
Boits’oaro boo ho sa kengoeng letho ka bothong ba emong – ho suna nako e telele, ho aka,
ho suna ho kenyang leleme, ho ts’oara e mong ka mokhoa o sahlokeheng. Ho sheba bana kapa
litsoantso tsa bana ba hlobotse ka sepheo sa ho ikhotsofatsa thobalanong.
Hots’oara-ts’oara – ho thetsa kapa ho meta botho ba ngoana, kapa ho etsa hore ngoana a ts’oare
botho ba motho e moholo.
Ho qobella ngoana ho hlobola, kapa ho mohlahela ha antse a hlapa ka morero oa ho ikhotsofatsa
thobalanong.
Ho bonts’a bana liketso tsa thobalano ea batho ba baholo – ho etsa ketso ea thobalano mahlong
a bana, ho hlahisa botho, ho bolela lipale tsa thobalano bana bale teng, ho shebella li rekote tsa
thobalano ea bana ka sepheo sa ho ikhotsofatsa.
Ts’ebeliso e mpe ea bana ka thobalano – ho beha lits’oantso tsa ngoana marang- rang, ho etsa hore
ngoana a etse liketso tsa thekiso ea mele le bootsoa.
Mohlala Ketsahalo 3
MAMPHO o na le lilemo tse 16 a nyetsoe. Bophelo ba hae qalong ba lenyalo bone bole monate
‘me o hopola ka hloko kamoo molekane oa hae a neng a mo kenyeletsa kateng litabeng tsohle tse
amang lelapa la bona. Le ha a leka ka thata ha kalo ho hoopla, ha a hopole phoso eo a e entse empa
hanyane molekane oa hae u se a le thoko le eena o se a le bohale a bile a thotse.
MAMPHO o lekile ho kopa thuso ho ba lelapa ka taba ena ea molekane oa hae empa o ile a
bolelloa hore a keke a bua litaba tsa lelapa la hae hohle a sebetse litaba tsena joalo ka mosali ea
holileng ea matla.
Molekane oa hae ha a sa lefella lithloko tsa lelapa ho kenyeletsa lithuto tsa bana, MAMPHO
o lekile ho botsa molekane oa hae ka taba ena ka makhetlo o se a bile a inehetse a lahlile ts’epo.
Ka lebaka la liqabang le lintoa tse sa feleng tseo a bang le tsona le molekane oa hae MAMPHO
o se a bile a sena thahasello ea thobalano. Lehoja a hana ka makhetlo molekane oa hae o mo hatella
fela hore thobalano ebe teng, ka hoo MAMPHO ketsong ena o utloa bohloko haholo me o tsoa le
maqeba le ho taboha ‘me pelo ea hae e lutse ele bohloko. Molekane o hana ha ba etsa thobalano e
sireletsehileng.
MAMPHO o phela a tetebetse maikutlo haholo ‘me ka matsatsi amang o ts’oengoa ke mokhoa
oo Molekane oa hae a shebang morali oa bona ka teng.
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Thuto 4:
Ho qhaqholla Bong le litlokotsi tsa Basali - Hobaneng
Bong?
Nako: Metsotso e 20
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho etsa bonnete ba hore barupelluoa ba ananela bohlokoa ba ho shebana le basali le
banana le karolo e bapaloang ke meetlo le tumelo ho beha basali le banana tlokotsing ea HIV le GBV.
Bong bo ka tolokoa ke khaho ea sechaba, le mesebetsi le likamano lipakeng tsa banna le basali. Ke liphapang
lipakeng tsa banna le basali tse fetohang le Nako. Li phapang tsena li na le mefuta e mengata lipakeng tsa
linaha. Bong ke mokhoa oo sechaba se arolang libopeho le mesebetsi ea bashanyana le banana.
• Tsekisetso ea merabe;
Ke moo batho kapa morabe o itseng o ka sekisetsoang oa koalloa ka thoko phumants’ong ea
litokelo, menyetleng le lits’ebeletsong tse loketseng motho e mong le emong. Litabeng tsena e bolela
ts’ekisetso ea basali le banana sechabeng ka hore fela ke batho ba batsehali.
• Nyenyefatso;
Hose amohele le ho ananela maikutlo a basali le banana ka ho se a nke ho ba behella ka thoko
therong ea litaba tsa bohlokoa tsa sechaba ka hore ke bana.
Hobaneng Ts’ekamelo ho Basali le Banana?
Ts’oaetso e phahameng ea HIV ho basali e tlisitse bothata ba tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali hore e be
malemeng a bohle. Kajeno karolo e fetang ea halofo ea batho ba 40 million ba phelang le tsoetso lefatseng
ke basali. ‘Me ho bonahala hore basali le banana ba tsiesing le tlokotsing ea ts’oaetso ea HIV ka lebaka la
hoselekane hoa bong.
Liphuputso li bontsa keketso e phahameng ea kotsi ea HIV ho basali ba tlhekefelitsoeng hoba sa hlekefetsoang,
Mohlala, peto e etsahala ka mahahapa ke motho easa tsejoeng kapa ea tsejoang. Hape banana le basali ba
banyane ba bangata ba bonts’a hore lekhetlo lapele la bona thobalanong lene le qobeletsoe.
Botebo ba bothata: sekhahla sa tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali le banana.
Lefatseng ka bophara, lipakeng tsa 10 le 69% ea basali batlaleha tlhekefetso ea meleng ka balekane le ha
ese ele hangoe bophelong. Lipakeng tsa 6% le 47% ea basali lefatseng ba tlaleha tlhekefetso ea motabo ka
balekane ba bona le ha e se ele hangoe bophelong. Lipakeng tsa 7% le 48% ea banana le basali ba banyane
ba lilemo li 10-24 batlaleha thobalano ea bona ea pele e ne ele e qobeletsoeng.
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Karolo ea Meetlo le Tumelo ho fumana sebaka sa basali le banana
Meetlo e hlalosa boemo ba basali tabeng ea phumano ea bona ea tsebo, moruo, le matla a lipolotiki, le
boikemelo ba bona e le batho ho etsa liqeto kapa ho karolo ea liqeto . Bophelo ba Basali bo potapotiloe
holima mesebetsi e kang ho hlokomela lelapa, ho kha metsi, le ho sebetsa mesebetsi ea masimong. Boemo
ba bona sechabeng bo its’etlehile ho boemo ba balekane ba bona sechabeng le maemo a moruo a molekane.
Meetlo e khetholla mesebetsi ho ipapisitsoe le bong. Meetlo le litloaelo li haha bonna le bosali tse
etsang ho se lekane hoa matla lipakeng tsa banna le basali.
Meetlo le tumelo li lumella monna hoba hlooho ea lelapa, moo lithlahiso le melao tse saloang morao
eleng tsa hae;
Banana ba rupeloa hoba basali ba ‘makhonthe, baikokobetsi le ho mamela le ho hlompha ka linako
tsohle banna ba bona. Bolumeli ba likereke tse ling bo laola hore na basali ba ka sebelisa lithibela pelehi
kapa chee, le hore na ke lits’ebeletso lifeng tseo baka lifumanang litsing tsa bophelo. ‘Me hona eba khatello
ea litokelo tsa basali.
Holatela litloaelo tsa meetlo ka ho fapana, libakeg tse ling banna ba holisoa ho nka boikarabello ba
manthla le ho okamela malapa a bona. Hape libakeng tse ling ho bonahala banna ba khothaletsoa ho ba le
balekane ba bangata kapa batho bao ba kenang thobalanong le bona le ha ba le manyalong. Empa basali ba
rutoa ho boloka boroetsana ho fihlela lenyalo le ho tsepahalla molekane a le mong.
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Letsatsi la Bobeli
THUPELO 2:
Ho Qhaqholla Maano Le Melao Le Karolo Ea Oona Ho Araba Litlokotsi
Tsa Basali Le Banana.
SEPHEO
• Basebeletsi (CBVs) ba ts’oanetse ho utluisisa le ho arola pakeng tsa melao
le maano.
• Ba tsebe ho hlalosa seo litumellano tsa machaba a kopaneng litsamaiso
lileng sona.
• Ba tsebe ho utluisise kapa ba ananele bophara le botebo ba t’sebeliso ea
melao le maano re ipapisa le litumellano le litsamaiso.
• Ba tsebe le ho utluisisa melao ea naha le maano a sebelisoang toants’ong
ea HIV le DV.
• Ba be le bokhoni ba ho hlahlolla melao le ts’ebetso ea eona sechabeng
Thuto 1:
Maano le melao ke eng, e etsoa ke mang?
Nako: Metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho thusa barupelluoa ho ananela phapang lipakeng tsa melao e fapaneng le mokhoa
oo e etsoang ka oona.
Maano ke melaoana e tataisang liqeto le hofihleloa hoa leano kapa molao ho tataisa liqeto le ho fihlela
liqeto tse amohelehang. Maano a ka nkoa e le lipolelo tsa boitlamo kapa maikemisetso aoo ‘muso o a
etsang ho sechaba ka taba e itseng. Maano a bonts’a ka moo muso o tla sebetsa litaba tseo.
• Maano a machaba – linaha tsa machaba li kopana ha ‘moho ho etsa maano ao linaha lika its’etlehang
ka ona nts’etso-peleng ea lichaba. Maano a machaba a boetse a bonts’a likamano tsa ‘muso le mebuso
e meng, le mekhatlo ea machaba litabeng tse fapaneng.
• Maano a naha – tataiso kapa polelo ea maikemisetso ea ‘muso oa naha malebana le moralo o
khetholohilelng.
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Melao keng?
Melao ke lipehelo tsa tsamaiso tse thehiloeng ke liloaelo le melao ea boits’oaro kapa tsamaiso e thehiloeng
holima litloaelo, litumellano, kapa boetapele; ke karolo ea tokomane ea melao le maano a tsamaisang litaba
tsa sechaba ‘me li laoloa le ho tlamelloa ke tsamaiso ea lipolotiki kapa metheo ea melao.
• Melao ea machaba – Melao le lipehelo tsa machaba tse laolang tsamaiso le tsela ea bophelo ka
kakaretso ‘me li ananelloa litlama ho theha likamano lipakeng tsa linaha le machaba kapa melao
le lipehelo tse tsamisang likamano lipakeng tsa machaba.
• Melao ea naha – e etsoa ke naha ka bo ‘ngoe ‘me e sebetsa ka hara naha eo fela, ‘me e ngotsoe.
• Meloa ea Sesotho – ke lipehelo tsa boholoholo tse ngotsoeng le tse sa ngoloang tse hlotsoeng ka
nako e telele ea ts’ebeliso ea litloaelo le meetlo ea sechaba. Hore litlaoelo le meetlo li fetohe molao
lits’oanetse li be li;
• Tsebahala ho sechaba,
• Liphetoa ke sechaba se joalo, hape
• Likhona ho ke’ngoa ts’ebetsong.
Ka molao, litloaelo li hlalosoa ele mekhoa e itseng ea ho etsa lintho kapa boits’oaro ba sehlopha sa batho bo
ka pakoang ke sechaba se joalo e le bo nepahetseng. Molao oa Sesotho ntle le hore ebe o thehiloe ke Molao
oa Lerotholi o boetse o etsoa ka makhotleng a meetlo moo tloaelo engoe e seng e nkuoa ele mohlala oa
tsamaiso litabeng tsa Sesotho.
Melao ea Sesotho hae ts’eetse ka kotloloho li tokelo tsa basali kaha melao e bua ka monna le mora e moholo
oa lelapa ho se moo o buang ka basali le basetsana. Hona ho beha basali le bana ba laoloang ke melao ena
tlokotsing ea DV le HIV.
Ke mang ea etsang Molao oa Sesotho, maano le melao?
• Melao
Paramente – Ntlo ea ketsa Melao
Makhotla – Liqeto tsa makhotla- Mehlala
• Melao ea Sesotho.
E aheea ka litloaelo tse itseng le litebello tsa sechaba joalo ka Molao oa Lerotholi.
• Maano
Mebuso ea linaha/ Mekhatlo ea Machaba
Puso ea libaka
Melao ea machaba le litumellano
Mekhatlo e ikemetseng le Mekhatlo ea sechaba. Le babang joalo ka bahlanka ba ‘muso?
19
Kamano ea Melao ea Litloaelo, Maano le Melao
Melao kaofela e sebetsa ho kena lipakeng tsa litaba tsa bophelo le ho rarolla liqabang.
Maano a muso oa Lesotho: Joalo ka ha molao oa motheo o supa, ke meralo e ka kengoang ts’ebetsong ke
bosebeletsi ba sechaba empa hona le lipehelo ho ipapisitsoe le Matla a moruo le ntse’tso-pele ea Lesotho,
maano a tataisa baikarabellang phethisong ea mesebetsing ba shebe na baka fihlela joang meralo le ntlafatso
ea maphelo a sechaba.
Leha hole joalo, melao e etsa bonnete ba phethahatso ea litokelo tse molao tseo eleng litokelo tsa
manthla tsa botho. Tsena ke litokelo tseo haeba motho a utloa eka li hateletsoe kapa ha a sa lifumants’oa a
ka atamela makhotla bakeng sa tharollo.
Melao ea Sesotho eona tharollo ho eona e fumaneha makhotleng a meetlo le ea mathomo
Molao oa motheo oa Lesotho oa 1993 o bonts’a ka mokhoa o hlakileng Karolong ea 18 (4) (C) khethollo
e lumelletsoe litabeng tsa maloa oa meetlo.
HLAHLOBO
• Na u tseba maanoa muso ? afeng? A u ama joang?
• Na utseba melao e entsoeng ke paramente ea Lesotho? e u ama joang?
• ke melao, e meetlo le litloaelo Ii fe tseo u li tsebang? Ke eng eo u ka e fetolang ka eona?
Thuto 2:
Karolo Ea maano ea Machaba, Liphatlalatso le Liqeto
Nako: metsotso e 15
Sepheo sa thuto:
litumellano.
Ho etsa hore barupelluoa ba ananele sebopeho sa litsamaiso sa machaba le
Machaba a kopaneng (UN) ke eng me a kopana joang le Lesotho?
Machaba a kopaneng ke mokhatlo oa lefats’e oa linaha tse ipokantseng ka sepheo sa ho akofisa
ts’ebetso mooho, ts’ireletsong ea machaba, khahong ea moruo, nts’etso-peleng ea sechaba, litokelo
20
tsa botho, le phihlelo ea khotso ea lefatse. UN e thehiloe ka 1945 ho emisa lintoa lipakeng tsa linaha
le ho fa sebaka bakeng sa lipuisano. Lesotho ke setho sa mokhatlo oa machaba a kopaneng.
Litsamaiso, liphatlalatso le liqeto tsa machaba ke eng?
Litsamaiso: ke litumellano tse ngotsoeng lipakeng tsa mebuso ea linaha (kapa baemeli ba machaba
joalo ka linaha tsa machaba a kopaneng) tse etselitsoeng ho theha tokomane tse busoang ka moalo.
Liphatlalatso: ke ho anetsa tsebo kapa litaba tse amang sechaba ele hore se be le tsebo le kutloisiso
e pharaletseng
Liqeto: liqeto tsa linaha holima nthla e seka-sekoang ke machaba ka nako eoo. Liqeto ha lina
setlamo se ts’oanang le sa litsamaiso le liphatlalatso ntle le moo naha e li a mohetseng eaba ea li
kenyeletsa molaong oa eona oa naha.
Thuto 3:
Liphatlalatso, litsamaiso, liqeto le melao ea machaba
e amanang le Bong le VAW.
Nako: 1 hora le metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho etsa bonnete ba hore barupelluoa ba tseba melao ea machaba e amanang le Bong le GBV.
• PHATLALATSO EA MACHABA EA LITOKELO TSA BOTHO (UDHR) 1948:
• Karolo 1. Batho bohle batsoaloa ba lokolohile, ba lekana ka seriti le litokelo. Bohle bana le
boinahano, botho, ‘me ba ts’oanetse ho sebetsa le babang ka moea oa boena.
• Karolo 17. (1) Motho emong le emong o na le tokelo ea hoba le thepa a le mong kapa ka
kopanelo le babang.
(2) Ha hona motho ea ka amuoang thepa ea hae ntle le mabaka.
• TUMELLANO EA MACHABA LITABENG TSA TS’EBETSO LE LITOKELO LIPOLOTIKING
(ICCPR) 1976 Sehloho:
• Ho-hlokomelehile hore, ho ea ka Phatlalatso ea machaba ea Litokelo tsa botho, monahano
oa motho ea lokolohileng, ho natefeloa ke bolokolohi ba lipolotiki tse bulehileng a
lokolohile ho se ts’abo le thloko lika fihleloa fela ha maemo a ka etsoa moo motho emong
le emong a ka natefeloang ke litokelo tsa hae tsa lipolotiki tse bulehileng, letsa moruo,
moetlo le bophelo ka kakaretso.
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• Ho-hlokomelehile hore motho o na le boikarabello ho babang le ho sechaba ka kakaretso
moo a phelang, boikarabello bona e ba ho khannela ho ntsetsa-pele le hore litokelo tse
tsireletsoang ke Tumellano ena
• TUMELLANO HO FENYA MEFUTA EOHLE EA KHETHOLLO KHAHLANONG LE BASALI
(CEDAW) 1979.
Moelelo oa Tumellano o thehiloe ka toro ea machaba a kopaneng(UN): ho tiisa tumelo ea litokelo
tsa manthla tsa botho, seriti, le bohlokoa ba motho, le ho lekaneng hoa litokelo tsa banna le basali.
E hlalosa moelelo oa tekano le hore na eka fihleloa neng. Ka ho etsa joalo Tumellano e theha
molao oa machaba oa litokelo tsa basali, le moralo oa ts’ebetso ka linaha ho netefatsa hore batho ba
natefeloa ke litokelo tseo. Sehloohong sa eona, e bontsa hore “khethollo e feteletseng khahlanong le
basali entse e tsoela pele”, khethollo e joalo “e senya leano la tekano ea litokelo le hlompho ea seriti
sa botho”.
• Karolo 1 – khethollo e utluisiseha e le taba kapa lipehelo tse etsoang ho ipapisitsoe
le boleng… lipolotiking, moruong, sechabeng, meetlong kapa kae fela.
• Karolo 3 – Tumellano e fana ka tiisetso e ahang ho leano la tekano ka ho kopa
linaha ho nka methati eohle e nepahetseng, ho kenyeletsa baetsi ba molao, ho
etsa bonnete ba nts’etso-pele le kholiso ea basali, molemong oa ho ba tiisetsa ka
hlahlobo le natefelo ea litokelo tsa botho, bolokolohi ba manthla ho ipapisitsoe le
tekano le banna.
• TUMELLANO EA MACHABA A KOPANENG KHAHLANONG LE LITLOLO TSA MOLAO
TSE KENYELETSANG LINAHA OA 2000 LE LITSAMAISO HO QOBA, HO FELISA LE HO
FANA KA LIKOTLO THEKISETSANONG EA BATHO HAHOLO BASALI LE BANA.
• Tumellano ena le tsamaiso li kenyelelitsoe molaong oa naha ka MOLAO O
KHAHLANONG LE THEKISETSANO EA BATHO OA 2011, molao o fanang
ka khanelo, thibelo, qoso le kahlolo ea baetsi ba tlolo ea molao ea thekisetsano ea
batho le tseling tse amanang le eona; methati ea tsireletso, pholiso, ho kenyeletsa
mahlatsipa a thekisetsano ea batho; le tseling tse amanang.
• TUMELLANO HOLIMA LITOKELO TSA NGOANA (CRC) 1989.
• Linaha tse amehang tumellanong ena, li elelloa hore, holatela maano a hlahang ka
tumelanong ea Machaba a kopaneng, thlokomelo ea seriti e tsoaloa le tekano ea litokelo tsa
batho bohle ke motheo oa tokoloho, toka le khotso lefatseng.
• Ba kholisehile hore lelapa, ke sehlopha sa manthla sa thlaho molemong oa kholo e ntle ea
batho bohle haholo ea ngoana, ‘me lelapa le lokela ho fumana ts’ireletso le thuso hore le
fihlele ka botlalo boikarabello boo.
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• Ba hlokomela hore ngoana, molemong oa nts’etso-pele e feletseng ea sebopeho sa hae le
bophelo bo botle o ts’oanetse ho holela boemong ba lelapa, moo ho thabiloeng, khotso,
honang le lerato le kutluisiso.
Thuto 4:
Litokomane tsa tikoloho
Nako: Metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho etsa bonnete ba hore barupelluoa ba tseba litokomane tsa tikoloho tse amanang
le Bong, GBV le HIV
• SOUTHERN AFRICA NTS’ETSO-PELENG EA SECHABA (SADC) TSAMAISO EA BONG
LE NTSETSO PELE 2008, e ntsetsa-pele Tekano ea bong ka ho etsa bonnete ba hore boikarabello
ba linaha tsa SADC, ke ho etsa sebae bakeng sa ho arolelana litloaelo tse ntle le bots’ehetsi le
boitlhahlobo ea methaka.
Karolo 4-11: Litokelo tsa molao oa motheo. Li leka ho kenyeletsa Tekano ea bong, tekano melaong
ea metheo ea linaha tse amehang, li etsa bonnete ba hore litokelo ha li angoe ke lipolelo tsa melao
kapa litloaelo. E etsa bonnete ba hore hlahlobo, tukiso le phetolo ea melao enang le khethollo.
Etsoela pele ho fana ka tekano phumantsong ea toka, lenyalo le lelapa, litokelo tsa bahlolohali,
maqhekoana , banana, basali ba nang le bokooa le lihlopha tse sekisetsoang sechabeng. E felisa
hape le bonyane ba basali.
o Tsamaiso ea SADC e fana ka hore ka 2015, linaha tsa SADC litlabe li hlahlobile, lilokisitse
li tlositse melao eohle e nang le khethollo ka ho khetholoha ho tlosa melao e etsang basali
bana ka malapeng. Hona le khatelo pele nthleng ena Lesotho ka Molao oa tekano ea
banyalani oa 2006 o tlosang nyenyefatso ea boemo ba basali ba nyetsoeng.
o Qholotso e ntse e le molaong oa bo-ja-lefa le tlhahlamano e etsoang ho sena Will, No.2
ea 1953 le Tsamaiso ea thepa ea lelapa No. 19 ea 1959, Melao ea Lerotholi ho Bo-ja-lefa le
Melao oa Bojalefa No. 26 ea 1873.
o Tsamaiso e fana ka pheliso ea litloaelo tse kotsi ho phihlelo ea litokelo tsa basali . Leha
hole joalo Lesotho tseling tsa “litloaelo tsa meetlo tse kotsi” lintse li tsoela pele. Melao
ea Sesotho ea Lesotho e phahamisa mora e moholo ka holimo ho ngoana oa ngoanana
le moroetsana ea sa nyaloang me o ba hanela ka tokelo ea bo-ja-lefa. Bana ba banana le
basetsana basa nyaloang habana tokelo ea ho ja lefa la batsoali ba bona ntle lehaeba ho
ngotsoe “WILL”
23
o Karolo 20-25: GBV. E etsa bonnete ba hoetsa le ho kenya tsebetsong melao e hanelang
mefuta eohle ea GBV le thekisetsano ea batho. E etsa bonnete ba hore Melao ea GBV e teng
molemong oa liphuputso tse feletseng, thlokomelo le tsotello ea mahlatsipa a tlhekefetso ea
motabo.
o E tsoela pele ho etsa bonnete ba hlahlobo le tukiso ea melao ea litlolo tsa molao le tsamaiso
tse sebelisoang nyeoeng ea tlhekefetso ea motabo le GBV.
o Ho etsa le ho ananela melao e itseng, ho thibela thekisetsano ea batho le ho fana ka
lits’ebeletso tse felletseng ho mahlatsipa, ka sepheo sa ho bakenyeletsa hape sechabeng.
Lesotho, basali le bana ba tlokotsing ea thekisetsano ea batho. Lesotho ke mohloli le mocha oa batho ba
hapeletsoang mesebetsing le tsebelisong empe ea motabo. Leha hole joalo, ‘Muso oa Lesotho o entse khatelo
pele e kholo ho qosa litluli tsa molao, ts’ireletso le thibelo ea tlolo ea molao. Paramente ea Lesotho e fetisitse
molao o khahlanong le Thekisetsano in Batho oa 2011. Molao ona o ekelitse khatello ho naha ho etsa
bonnete ba ho theha libaka tsa tsotello le libaka tsa ts’ireletso ea mahlatsipa a thekisetsano hohle.
• Karolo 27: HIV le AIDS. Karolo e fana ka thibelo, thlokomelo, tsotello le tsehetso tse amanang le
HIV le AIDS. Li etsa bonnete ba hore nts’etso-pele ea bong sensitive strategies ho thibela ts’oaetso
tse ncha le phumano e pharaletseng ea thlokomelo ho basali, men, bashanyana and banana ba nang
le ts’oaetso kapa ba emehileng ke ts’oaetso ea HIV/AIDS.
Bill ea Litokelo Molaong oa Motheo oa 1993 Lesotho, o kenyeletsa tsoelo pele le tokelo ea lipolotiki ele
litokelo tsa manthla tse tsoang ho litumellano tsa Machaba ho Tsoelopele le tokoloho lipolotiking (ICCPR).
Litumellano tsa machaba tse tsoang ho litumellano tsa machaba ho Litokelo moruong, bophelong ba
sechaba le meetlo le litoaelo (ICESCR) le tsona li kentsoe molaong oa motheo oa Lesotho oa 1993. Joalo ka
Maano a naha, ha li tlamelle muso, ‘me phumaneho ea tsona e itsetlehile holima moruo oa naha. Lifapana
le Litokelo tsa manthla tsa botho tse tlamang tse ka tsekoang makhotleng a melao.
Thuto 5:
Maano A Lesotho A Thibelang Hiv Le Tlhekefetso Ea
Malapeng.
Nako: lihora tse 2 le metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa thuto: ho etsa bonnete ba hore barupelluoa ba tseba maano a Lesotho a amanang le HIV le DV.
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• LEANO LA MUSO LA HIV LE AIDS 2006 5.4
Morero oa leano lena ke ho thusa ‘muso toants’ong ea HIV; hothibela ho ata hoa ts’oaetso, ho fana ka kalafo,
tsotello le tsehetso le ho kena lipakeng ho loants’a kamoo HIV/AIDS e amang batho, malapa le sechaba ka teng.
Sepheo sa leano se kenyeletsa hara tseling ho felisa tlokotsi ea sechaba kapa batho ka bomong ho
HIV ka ho hloaea lintho tse hlohleletsang ts’oaetso le ho holisa moralo oa ho thibelo, thlokomelo, tsotello,
tsehetso le ho kena lipakeng lits’ebeletsong ka sebopeho sa litokelo tsa botho.
Ka leano lena ‘Muso oa Lesotho o itlama hara tseling ho etsa bonnete ba hore hona le Tekano ea bong
le hore basali le banana, banna le bashanyana ba ea lekana ho fumana ts’ireletso, thlokomelo, tsotello le
ts’ehetso lits’ebeletsong; le ho phahamisa kapa ho matlafatsa le ho sireletsasireletsa litokelo tsa botho tsa
bohle, ho felisa tlokotsi ea HIV ts’oaetso le ho fokotsa sekhala sa HIV le AIDS ho batho, sechaba le naha
ka kakaretso.
Leano le bonts’a ho 1.4.1 hore ts’oaetso e rotetsoa ke maemo a etsang hore hobe bobebo ho eona ho
fetela ho emong ‘me e tla tsoela pele ha fela ho sa nkoe mehato e nepahetseng. Lintho tse roteletsang
li kenyeletsa: boemo botlase ba tsebo le botsibi; boemo bo phahameng ba thobalano e sa sireletsehang
ka lebaka la balekane ba bangata ba ka nako ele ngoe; bofuma bo phahameng le tlhokeho ea mesebetsi;
ts’ebeliso e mpe ea joala le lithethefatsi; hose lekane hoa bong le GBV, hara tse ling Leano le hlalosa hore litla
morao kapa litholoana tsa ts’oaetso li kenyeletsa kholo ea tlokotsi ea basali le banana.
Boemo ba Basali le banana ha ngata bo etsang hore babe tlasa khatello ea sechaba , meetlo, moruo ho
ba bea tlokotsing e phahameng ea tlhekefetso ea meleng le ea motabo. Basali ke bana ka molao ‘me hona
hoo ba etsa hore ba be tlokotsing ea ho fumana ts’oaetso ea HIV.
• LEANO LA LESOTHO LA TEKANO 2003 5.5 LE 5.6
Bophelo ba Basali bo tsietsing ke litaba tse amanang le litloaelo tse seng maemong a matle tsa pelehi le tsa
meetlo tse ba nyenyefatsang.
Tlhokahalo ea kutluisiso e ts’oanang ke bothata bo bong hape, nyenyefatso ea basali ka malapeng,
tumelo, meetlo le bofuma li ama basali ka mokhoa o seng motle ka ha li etsa hore hobe thata ho basali ho
buisana ka thabalano e sireletsehileng ‘me ba tobana le menyetla e phahameng ea ho fumana ts’oaetso ea
HIV. Litlamorao tsa HIV li jaroa haholo ke basali, eseng fela ka hore ba ts’oaelitsoe le ho ameha empa le
joalo ka ha e le bona bahlokomeli ba bakuli le likhutsana.
• TLHEKEFETSO EA BONG 5.6
Tlhekefetso ena e etsahala moo libakeng tse bonoang le tse sa bonoeng, hara bana, bacha, batho ba baholo
le maqheku. Mehloli ea tlhekefetso ena e thehiloe holima hose lekane hoa matla pakeng tsa basali le banna,
banana le bashanyana, ho tlisang khatello le khethollo khahlanong le, basali ke banna.
Kahlamelo ea Basali ho tlhekefetso e eketsa tlokotsi ea bona ho HIV ho feta banna.
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• MOLAO OA TEKANO EA BANYALANI OA 2006
Sepheo sa molao ona ke ho tlosa nyenyefaso ea boemo ba basali le ho tiisa ts’ireletso litabeng tse ts’oanang.
Karolo ea 3. (1) …Tsamaisong ea thepa ea kopanelo, ho tlosa matla ao monna a neng a ena le ona holima
botho le thepa ea mosali oa hae e hlakotsoe.
(2) Matla a lenyalo ao monna a nang le ona holima botho le thepa ea mosali oa hae pele molao ona o kena
ts’ebetsong a hlakotsoe.
(3) Likhaello tse neng li tlisoa ke matla a monna holima bokhoni ba molao ba mosali oa hae li tlositsoe.
(4) Ho qosa le ho ho qosoa.
(5) Hongolisa mobu ka mabitso a hae.
Karolo ea 5. Matla a lekanang a balekane; balekane ba nyalaneng ka lenyalo la kopanelo ea thepa bana le
matla a lekanang ho tse latelang, bobeli ba buisana;
(a) Thekiso ea thepa e kopanetsoeng;
(b) Ho kena li tumellanong tse kenyang lelapa likolotong le;
(c) Tsamaiso ea lelapa.
Molao o boetse o fane ka litla morao tsa liketso tse etsoang ho sena tumello ea molekane e mong tse amang
lelapa, Karolo ea 8.
Karolo 11 le 12 e fana ka matla ao lekhotla le nang le ona a ho behella ka thoko tlhokeho ea tumello ea molekane
e mong moo ho nang le bopaki ba hore ea hanang ho fana ka tumello o hana ntle le mabaka a utloahalang.
Kahoo molao ona o ka bonoa ele nts’etso-pele ts’ireletsong ea basali khahlanong le tlhekefetso ea malapeng ka
mokhoa oa kamoho ea thepa kapa khanelo ea ts’ebeliso ea thepa e kopanetsoeng.
• MOLAO OA LITLOLO TSA THOBALANO OA 2003 KAROLO 3
Sepheo sa molao ona ke ho kopanya le ho hlakola melao e amanang le litlolo tsa thobalano, ho qoba
tlhekefetso ea motabo le ho fana ka li kahlolo tse loketseng litlolo tsa thobalano le liketso tse ling tse
amanang le tsona.
Thobalano e seng molaong, karolo 5
3 (1) Bakeng sa molao ona, ketso ea thobalano e ba tlolo ea molao ha e etsahala maemong a khatello;
3 (3) Lenyalo kapa kamano efeng kapa efeng ha se sets’ireletso khahlanong le qoso tlasa molao ona moo ho
bonts’oang hore:
(a) Mosali o ne a kula kapa molekane oa hae.
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(b) Molekane ea qosoang o ne a ena kapa a belaelloa ka mabaka a utlohalang hore ona le
mafu a ts’oaetsanang ka thobalano kapa a kotsi bophelong.
(c) Ho sebelisoa Tlhekefetso kapa lits’oso.
(d) Hona le taelo ea lekhotla kapa banyalani ba arohantsoe ka taelo ea lekhotla.
• MOLAO OA MOBU 2010
Karolo 6. Batho ka kabang le tokelo mobung ke:
6 (1) (b) moahi oa Lesotho ea lilemo liseng katlase ho 18.
Karolo 10 (1) lenyalong la kopanelo ea thepa, mobu o nkuoa e le thepa ea banyalani ka kopanelo.
Lesotho, Karolo 10 ea molao oa mobu 2010 e entsoe e le ho araba Karolo 10 ea SADC HOLIMA TSAMAISO
LE NTS’ETSO-PELE EA BONG e bonts’ang hore; linaha li tla etsa bonnete ba hore bahlolohali baba le
tokelo ea ho tsoela pele holula manyalong leha Molekane ase a hlokahetse.
• MOLAO OA MOTHEO OA LESOTHO
Karolo 4. Litokelo tsa mantlha tsa botho le litokoloho.
(a) Tokelo ea ho phela;
(b) Tokelo ea bolokolohi;
(d) Bolokolohi liketsong tse hobosang;
(n) Bolokolohi ho khethollo;
(o) Tokelo ea tekano molaong le tekano ts’ireletsong ea molao.
CEDAW e bolelang melaong ea rona ea naha?
• Ka ho amohela CEDAW, linaha li itlama ho nka methati e tla felisa khethollo ea mefuta eohle
khahlanong le basali,
• Ho kenyeletsa maano a tekano ea banna le basali melaong ea bona ea naha, ho tlosa melao eohle e
khethollang le ho hapa melao e nepahetseng le ho hanela khethollo khahlanong le basali.
• Ho theha makhotlana le libaka tse ling tsa sechaba ho etsa bonnete ba ts’ireletso e phethahetseng ea
basali khahlanong le khethollo; le
• Ho etsa bonnete ba pheliso ea liketso tsohle tsa khethollo khahlanong le basali ke batho ba bang,
mekhatlo kapa li khoebo.
Litokomane tsa Tikoloho li etselitsoe ho beha muso boikarabellong. Tumellano ea AU ea Afrika ho lima
litokelo le boiketlo ba bana le tsamaiso ea tumellano ea litokelo tsa botho le litokelo tsa basali linaheng tsa
Afrika , e tekenetse ke linaha tse 53 ho tse 54 tsa Afrika. Boitlamo bona ba machaba bo beha boikarabello ho
‘muso ho sireletsa basali le bana ho mefuta eohle ea tlhekefetso ‘melengle moeeng e etsoang ke ba pusong
le ba seng pusong.
27
Thuto 6:
Sechaba se ka sebelisa Melao le Maano joang ho ntlafatsa,
Ho Khothaletsa le ho sireletsa litokelo tsa Basali le
Banana molemong oa sechaba se senang tlhekefetso?
Nako: 1 hora
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho tloaetsa CBVs le karolo engoe ea sechaba ho thehoeng le tukisong ea melao le ho
susumetsa boikarabello ba ‘muso.
NB: Leha ts’ehetso boemong ba lehae ka melao ele bohlokoa ts’ireletsong ea litokelo tsa basali, ho bohlokoa
ho ela hloko hore tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali le banana ena le khahlamelo boemong ba machaba.
Sechaba seka sebelisa melao le maano e le lisebelisoa ho khothaletsa le ho thaotha tokiso le ho etsa bonnete
ba ts’ireletso ea litokelo tse kentsoeng litokomaneng tse tsoang linaheng hore li be boemong ba ho loanela
litokelo tse tsoang litokomaneng tse molaong. Litla ba thuso ho sebelisa litsi tse kenyang melao thutong
ho sireletsa litokelo le ho hlokomelisa sechaba ka litokelo tsa sona le ho etsa bonnete bahore ha li hangoe.
Ka thuto le khothatso, CBV li ka qholotsa ho se phethahatse hoa ‘muso hoa maano a naha le a machaba.
Ka ha ‘muso o na le boitlamo ho hlompa litumellano, CBVs li lokela ho tseba litlolo tsena tsa molao.
CBVs li hloka ho tseba ka botlalo melao ea machaba le maano hore li tle li tsebe ho utluisisa ho
lisebelisoa ts’ireletsong ea basali le banana metseng ea bona le ho bona ha lisa sebelisoe.
CBVs li boetse li hloka ho tseba hore na baka tlisa nyeoe ka pele ho makhotla a litaba tsa malapa ba
sebelisa melao ea machaba moo melao ea lehae esa hlakang.
Karolo ea sechaba ke efeng ho etsoeng hoa maano, melao le melao ea
Sesotho?
Karolo ea sechaba ho etsoeng hoa melao ke ho ts’ehetsa ketso ea melao ka ho fana ka litlatsetso le likhothaletso
molaong o etsoang. Sechaba se fuoa monyetla melaong eseng entse e le teng hore se fane ka likhothaletso tsa
tukiso kapa ntlafatso. Sena se etsoa ha sechaba se bona hona le tlhokahalo ea tukiso ea melao, mohlala moo
melao e hanyang litokelo tsa mantlha tsa botho, kapa moo melao e behella ka thoko sehlopa se seng sa batho.
Sena se etsahala ha sechaba se na le mabaka a utloahalang a ho hloka tokiso ea melao.
28
Karolo ea sechaba ke efeng holima litsamaiso, Liqeto le liphatlalatso tsa
machaba?
• Sechaba se ts’oanetse ho buelela le ho ananela kenyeletso ea melao e tekenetsoeng ea machaba hore
ebe karolo ea melao ea naha molemong oa hore sechaba se fumane litokelo tsa botho joalo ka ha
lihlalosoa ke melao e tekenetsoeng.
• Ke boikarabello ba sechaba ho kenya letsoho le ho hlahisa maikutlo khahong le ho kengoeng
thutong ea melao ea naha ekenyeletsang litumellano tsa machaba. Se ts’oanetse ho susumetsa khulo
ea lipehelo tse hatikelang litokelo tsa botho. Mohlala ka pehelo ea CEDAW. Ke ha fela sechaba se
phahamisitse mantsoe khahlanong le pehelo ena Lesotho leka bonang hole bohlokoa ho e hula.
• Sechaba se ts’oanetse ho sebetsa e le mautloela holima ts’ebetso ea boikarabello ba ‘muso bo tsoang
litokomaneng tsa machaba.
• Sechaba sena le boikarabello ba ho thaothela tokiso ea melao moo sebonang ho hlokahala, moo
melao ea naha e kenyeletsang melao ea machaba e tekenetsoeng joale eba e hatikela litokelo tsa
botho ka tsela e feng kapa efeng kapa moo molao o sekisetsang sehlopha seseng sa batho.
Boikarabello ke eng me karolo ea sechaba ke efeng ho akofisa boikarabello?
Boikarabello bo amahangoa le, hoba molato. E le karolo ea puso e amanang le mathata a bosebeletsi ba sechaba,
mesebetsing ea boetapele, boikarabello ke kamohelo le honka boikarabello mesebetsing, lits’ebeletsong,
liqetong, maanong, ho kenyeletsa tsamaisole puso. Sechaba sena le boikarabello ho etsa bonnete ba hore
baeta-pele ba bona ba nka boikarabello ho kenyeletsa melao ea lehae maano a machaba le liphatlalatso.
Nahana!
• U nahana hore meralo ea machaba e ka susumetsa joang melao
ea naha?
• Ha ele moo u se o tseba ka meralo ea machaba u nahana
kenyeletso ea eona melaong ea naha e ka thusa joang toants’ong
ea GBV, DV le HIV /AIDS?
29
MAMPHO o ne a ile thupelong moo a ithutileng mefuta e mengata ea liketso tsa khethollo ea basali
eo eseng fela tlolo ea molao ho ea ka melao ea naha empa le ho ea ka melao ea machaba ka kakaretso.
Lefatse le eme ka maoto ho loants’a khethollo tsohle le tlhekefetso ea basali le bana.
O ile a hlokomelisoa hore ‘Muso o na le maano, a etselitsoeng ho rarolla litaba tsa GBV ho tloha
metseng tlase. O ithutile hore Lesotho le lona lena le melao e etselitsoeng ho thibela litlolo tsa molao le
ho fana ka kotlo tsa liketso tsa Tlhekefetso le tlhekefetso ea basali le banana.
Melao ena e fa basali le banana bolokolohi ba ho atamela makhotla bakeng sa litharollo haeba ba
ikutloa ba hateletsoe ka mokhoa o feng kapa ofe.
MAMPHO o ithutile hore Lesotho ke setho sa mekhatlo ea machaba joalo ka machaba a kopaneng
le mekhatlo ea litikoloho tse fapaneng ‘me lietsa litumellano, litsamaiso le likhothaletso tseo ereng ha li
amohetsoe ke naha ‘me li kenyelelitsoe melao ea naha sechaba se fumanang litokelo tsa ho kopa hore li
kengoe thutong.
HLAHLOBO
• Ke lintho lifeng tse teng sebakeng sa heno, e ba ke tse entsoeng ka melao ea naha kapa ea
litloaelo tseo o lakatsang hore lika fetoloa?
• U tlisa phetoho joang moo u phelang? U sebelisa mecha e feng? Ke bo mang banang le
ts’usumetso sechabeng sa heho?
30
Letsatsi La Boraro
THUPELO 3:
Thlahlobo Ea Ts’oano Le Phapang Ea Melao Ea Naha Le Melao Ea
Sesotho.
SEPHEO
• Ho tseba le ho utlousisa phapang pakeng tsa Molao oa sekhooa le melao
ea litloaelo le hore na li beha basali le banana kae.
• Ho tseba ka botlalo ho selekane pakeng tsa banna le basali.
Thuto 1:
Likamano le liphapang pakeng tsa melao ea naha le
melao ea Sesotho le kamano ea tsona le tlhekefetso
ea ka malapeng le HIV.
Nako: Metsotso e 40
Sepheo sa thuto: ho elellisoa barupelluoa ka khohlano e teng pakeng tsa Molao oa Sesotho le melao
ea naha.
Liphapang pakeng tsa melao ea sekhooa le melao ea Sesotho le kamano
ea tsona le tlhekefetso ea malapeng le HIV
Hona le khohlano pakeng tsa meralo ea litokelo tsa botho le boemo ba banna ba meetlo ea se AFRIKA.
Melao ea Sesotho e hokella kaofela litumelo le libaka tsa meetlo le boithabiso tse khethollang sechaba. Ka
hare ho meetlo e fapaneng hona le litloaelo tseling tse khahlanong le basali me tse seng li fetuoe ke nako ea
joale. Tse fumanehang li sena hlompho ea phelisano ‘mooho, toka le botho.
31
•
LENYALO LA CHOBELISO
Tlasa litloaelo tsa Sesotho, moroetsana ea seng a kupuoe kapa ea so kupuoe a ka shobelisoa ntle le tumelo
ea hae. Le hoja, hona e le tlolo ea Molao oa Lerotholi karolo ea 34(1) o bonts’a hore ha ketso e joalo
e ka etsahala batsoali ba moroetsana baka batla ho ba bo mohlankana ea joalo likhomo tse ts’eletseng
tsa Chobeliso. Tloaelo ena ea Sesotho ke tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali. Hangata ketsahalong ena
moroetsana ea amehang eba o tla betoa ke molekane oa hae kapa le bao a tsamaeang le bona, ‘me hona
ho beha moroetsana ea joalo pooaneng le tlokotsing ea HIV. Kamohelo ea likhomo tse ts’eletseng tsa
chobeliso e ba lise litla nkuoa e le karolo ea lenyalo ntle le maikutlo a moroetsana hore na o rata ho
tsoela pele ka leyalo le joalo na.
Melao ea Sekhooa: Bobeli ba kenang lenyalong balokela hoba lilemong tse ba lumellang ho etsa tumellano
ea lenyalo ka bo bona, ‘me ba lokela ho lumellana ka lenyalo. Ebang hona le ea bonts’ang hore eena o kene
lenyalong leo a qobeletsoe, lenyalo le joalo leka qhaloa.
NB: Leha ho le joalo, lenyalong, ebang ke lenyalo la Sesotho kapa la molao oa sekhooa, molao oa litlolo tsa
thobalano oa 2003 o thehile thibelo ea peto leyalong; moo thobalano e etsoang ho sena tumellano pakeng
tsa banyalani kapa balekane.
•
SETHEPU
Melao ea Sesotho: sethepu se fumaneha fela manyalong a Sesotho. Litla morao tsa lenyalo la mofuta
ona ke nts’etso pele ea HIV ntle leha eba batho bohle ba kenang lenyalong lena ba sena ts’oaetso ‘me
bohle ba ts’epahala ka ho ts’oana. Lenyalo lena le tlisa tlhekefetso ka hore hangata basali ba banyane e ba
batla sebelisoa ka thata ke ba baholo.
Melao ea sekhoa: sethepu ha se lumellehe leyalong la sekhooa, ka hore lenyalo lena le lumella fela hore
motho a nyale molekane a le mong ‘me ha eba a batla ho nyala emong o tlameha ho hlala e mong.
•
BO-JA-LEFA
Melao ea Sesotho: Bo-ja-lefa ba molao oa Sesotho bo its’etlehile holima mora e moholo oa lelapa. Ke
bara fela baka jang lefa la bo ntata bona. Basali baja lefa fela haele la balekane (ha ba se ba hlokahetse)
ba bona tlasa thlokomelo ea bara ba bona. Basetsana moo ba tsoaloang teng ha bana litokelo kaha joale
ba lebeletsoe hore ba nyaloe ba tle ba be maja-lefa le balekane ba bona. Leteng moo ba nyetsoeng bantse
ba sena litokelo tsa boja-lefa ka botlalo kaha joale mona ke matsoa-ntle ‘me baja-lefa fela thlokomelong
ea bara kapa bo rangoane. Lintho tsa mofuta ona li tlisa tlhekefetso e kholo ea maikutlo le ‘meleng ka
lebaka la lintoa tse bang teng ha ho tsekoa mafa.
Melao ea naha: Basali le banna ba bona ba nyalana ka lenyalo la kopanelo ea thepa, hona ho bolela hore
bana le tokelo ea halofo thepeng ea lenyalo la bona ha karolo engoe e le ea bana ba bona. ‘Me karolo
engoe molekane aka efa emong ka ho etsa “WILL”.
32
Tlasa melao ea Sesotho kapa litloaelo tsa batho ba maloting banna ba bonahala ba fuoe tokelo ea ho
shapa basali ba bona.
Thuto 2:
Ho fumana mekhoa e bobebe le matsapa a ho
nyalanya Melao le Maano le Melao ea litloaelo.
Nako: Metsotso e 15
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho hlakisa bohlokoa ba ho nyalanya melao, maamo le le litloaelo.
Thlahlobo e pharaletseng le lipuisano ka melao e teng, litloaelo le maano, e le ho qala nyalanyo ea melao.
Thuto ea tlhahlobo e ts’oanetse e bulehe, e kenyeletsa bohle ba amehang: methati ea ho kenya letsoho
hoa bohle ba amehang e le hore batle ba tsebe ho ikamahanya le ona e le thepa ea bona.
Kenyeletso ea sechaba e ts’oanetse e etsoe ho latela sechaba ka ngoe ka moo se bonang litaba ka teng.
Matlafatso ea litsebo e pharaletseng ea ba nang le seabo e bohlokoa. Sena se kenyeletsa lithupelo, maeto
a boithuto, lithlaloso, karolelano ea litloaelo tse sebetsang tsa kenyeletso tsa lehae le tsa machaba holima
linthla tse fapaneng le HIV le tlhekefetso ea malapeng.
Hobe le litsela tse tsebahalang tse hlophisitsoeng tse tsehelitsoeng ke molao tse etsang ho hlahloba
phethahatso ea kenyeletso ho be bobebe.
CBV- barupelli ba metseng litabeng tsa molao ba be teng molemong oa ho fitisetsa litaba sechabeng
tse amanang le melao le Mecha le maano.
Sechaba ka kakaretso se kenyeletsoe ha ho etsoa maano le melao.
Sechaba se tla khetha ho kenyeletsa melao ea naha melaong ea bona ea meetlo le litloaelo.
Sechaba se kenyeletsoe lipuisanong tse tebileng tsa litaba tse lebisang ketsong ea tokiso ea melao le ho
e ntlafatsa boemong ba naha ka maikemisetso a ho nyalanya melao ena e ‘meli.
Thuto 3:
Fumana likhothaletso bakeng sa ‘Muso le mafapha a
mang tse ka akofisang nyalanyo ea melao ea naha le
Molao oa Sesotho.
Nako: Metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho hlakisa tlhokeho ea hore hobe le nyalanyo ea melao, maano le melao ea Sesotho.
33
Tlhahlobo e pharaletseng ea maano le melao le ho kopangoa hoa melao e amanang le HIV le tlhekefetso ea
malapeng hore ho etsoe molao o le mong e ts’oanetse e be maikutlong a ba etsi ba molao.
Meralo ea melao ea Sekhooa e meng e tla tlameha ho kenyeletsoa melaong ea Sesotho.
Tataiso ea baetapele ba meetlo e matlafatsoe molemong oa ponaletso le boikarabello melaong e amanang
le HIV le tlhekefetso ea malapeng.
HLAHLOBO
• Fana ka lits’ia tsa Molao oa Sesotho . Melao ee e kentse letsoho ha kae ntlafatsong ea
Basotho e le sechaba?
• Ke likarolo lifeng tse bosula tsa litloaelo tsa Basotho? Hobaneg u nahana hore re tlameha
ho tloha mekhoeng ee enang le litla morao tse bosula?
Thuto 4:
Leano la ho nena tlhekefetso, ho fihlela boemo ba ho
qoba lits’oaetso tse ncha tsa HIV, le ho qoba mafu a
ka bakoang ke AIDS (Zero tolarence Agenda) ke eng?
Nako: Metsotso e 40
Sepheo sa thuto: Ho ruta
barupelluoa ka botebo ka leano la ho nena tlhekefetso, ho fihlela boemo ba
ho qoba lits’oaetso tse ncha tsa HIV, le ho qoba mafu a ka bakoang ke AIDS (Zero tolarence Agenda) le
hore na ho e fihlela ho bolelang.
The zero tolerance agenda ke leano la machaba a kopaneng ho felisa GBV, hore Che! ho ts’oaetso tse ncha,
Hore Che! Ho tlhekefetso ea malapeng, le Hore Che! Mafung a bakoag ke HIV/AIDS.
Hobaneng letsolo lee?
Ho thehoa ha leano la ho nena tlhekefetso ke taba ea thlompho ea litokelo tsa mantlha tsa botho, haholo
tsa basali, ho kenyeletsa SRHR. Hore li arabeloe ka botlalo, ele ho qoba bophelo bo kotsi le litla morao le
molemong oa ho felisa qaka ea lefats’e lohle ea tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali le bana le HIV. Lefats’e lohle
34
le ts’oanetse ho elelloa hore hona le bothata ‘me le etse boitlamo ho ema khatlanong le tlhekefetso, ele ho
phethahatsa boitlamo ba lona hore batho bohle bafihlele boemo ba ho nene mefuta eohle ea tlhekefetso.
Lilemong tse fitileng machaba a kopaneng a bonts’itse hangata maikemisetso ho loants’a tlhekefetso
khahlanong le basali. Mohlala, ‘moka oa lefatse oa machaba litabeng tsa sechaba (the International
Conference on Population) le e neng e ts’oaretsoe naheng ea Cairo, Egypt, ka selemo sa 1994, e thehile
VAW ele karolo e bohlokoa ea boitlamo ba pelehi e bolokehileng sebakeng sa basali lefats’eng.
‘Moka oa linaka tse kopaneng oa bone (UN Fourth World Conference) litabeng tsa Basali, o neng e
ts’oaroetsoe Beijing, China, o bonts’itse VAW ele ponts’o ea khale ea ho se lekane hoa matla lipakeng tsa
banna le basali, e tlisitseng taolo holima basali le khethollo khahlanong le basali ka banna, le thibelo ea
basali ho intlafala mafapheng a bophelo a fapaneng.” Mebuso e ile ea itlama ho nka khato ho kenyeletsa
karolo ea basali sechabeng; e fetise maano a kenyeletsang ho felisa VAW; ho ithuta tse e bakang le litlamorao;
le ho felisa thekisetsano ea basali.
Ka selemo sa 2001, kopanong ea linaha tsa machaba e its’etlehileng litabeng tsa HIV le AIDS (the
United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS) (UNGASS) e eile ea ananela karolo e
bapaloang ke VAW nts’etso –peleng ea thibelo ea HIV ‘me balekane ba etsa boitlamo bohlakileng ho nka
khato ka selemo sa 2005, ka ho ntlafatsa leho kenya ts’ebetsong maano a ‘muso molemong oa “pheliso ea
mefuta eohle ea khethollo, le mefuta eohle ea tlhekefetso khahlanong le basali le banana, ho kenyeletsa
litloaelo tse kotsi tsa meetlo ea Sesotho, tlhekefetso, peto le mefuta emeng ea tlhekefetso ea motabo, likotlo
le thekisetsano ea basali le banana.”
Afrika e entse boitlamo ho VAW le ho ananela maano a mangata litabeng tsa thibelole taolo ea HIV.
Tukisetso ea UNGASS, mofuputsi oa kontinente ea Afrika ho thibelo ea HIV , thlokomelo le tsotello ea
bakuli, a elelloa hore tlhekefetso ke sesosa boemong ba ts’oaetso ea HIV Afrika. Ho leano lena (Brazzaville
commitment on Scaling Up Towards Universal Access to HIV and AIDS) thibelo, phekolo, tsotello le
ts’ehetso naheng ea Afrika, Mebuso ea Afrika e khothalelitse thoholetso ea “methati ea melao e latellang
ho araba tlokotsi e phahameng ea basali le banana.” African Union (AU) ea itlama ho “aha le ho ntlafatsa
lintho tse etselitsoeng ho felisa mabaka a etsang hore basali babe tlokotsing ea ho ts’oaetsoa ke HIV/AIDS.”
Moralo Oo Oa Leano La Ho Nena Tlhekefetso, Ho Qoba Lits’oaetso
Tse Ncha Tsa HIV, Le Ho Qoba Mafu A Ka Bakoang Ke AIDS (Zero
Tolerance) O Kentse Eng?
Boitlamo ba se polotiki le Kenyeletso ea litsebelisuoa
Boitlamo ba sepolotiki ba boemo ba naha, machabeng le mekhatlong ea sechaba. Boitlamo ba machaba
bo ts’oanetse ho kenyeletsa khaho ea lefats’e toants;ong ea(Global Task Force) Tlhekefetso Khahlanong le
Basali le Bana, e kentseng boemeli ba machaba(UN), bafani le mebuso ea linaha tse amehang, le mekhatlo
ea sechaba. Thibelo ea nnete ea HIV le ea thlokomelo, joalo ka e ts’ehelitsoeng ka lichelete ke lefats’e ka
lichelete (Global Fund), li araba sekhobo e le engoe ea tse hlohleletsang tlhekefetso. Meralo e ts’oanetse ebe
e ts’ehelitsoe ka lichelete ka ho tlala, le tsepiso ea phumaneho ea thibelo ea HIV le thlokomelo ka 2010 e
35
bolokoe. Meralo ea HIV e ts’oanetse ho eketsoa ho kenya ts’ehetso ea meralo e arabang thibelo ea tlhekefetso
khahlanong le basali le bana.
Phetoho ea melao le tsebeletso tsa makhotla
Linaha lifitise le ho kenya thutong hang hang melao e etsang hore mefuta eohle ea VAW ebe tlolo ea molao,
le kamohelo ea maano a taolo ea tlhekefetso, thibelo le thupelo molemong oa basebeletsi ba Molao.
Phethoho ea lekala la bophelo
Phethoho e feletseng ea lekala la bophelo e ea hlokeha ho etsa bonnete ba hore VAW e ea arabeloa joalo
ka ha tlhekefetso e sitisa phumantso e pharaletseng ea bohle ho tsotello le tokelo ea bophelo, ho kenyeletsa
boiphihlelo litabeng tsa SRH.
Ntlafatso ea Thuto (Education Sector Reform)
Linaha lits’oanetse ho theha moralo oa thuto litabeng tsa GBV ho tloha thutong ea mathomo ho eatsoa
holimo thutong e phahameng. Thuto e kenyeletse litaba tsa thibelo ea tlhekefetso le mekhoa ea ho isireletsa
mahlatsipa meralong ea thuto.
Ho elellisoa Sechaba ka leano la ho nena tlhekefetso, ho qoba lits’oaetso tse ncha tsa HIV, le ho qoba
mafu a ka bakoang ke AIDS (Mobilisation for Zero Tolerance)
Baetapele le baphethahatsi ba maano ho tlisa phetoho ba ts’oanetse ho hlophisoa ke sechaba se ikopantseng
hamoho nqa ele ngoe ele sehlopha sa ts’ebetso se thehiloeng ke maano a ‘muso ho loants’a VAW, ho hloaea,
araba le ho bua khahlanong le VAW sechabeng.
Mats’olo a khothaletso ea phetoho ea boits’oaro sechabeng (Mass Marketing for Social Change)
Meralo ea ‘muso e ts’oanetse ho kenya morero oa ho ts’oara hohle mass marketing campaigns ka hohle tse
reretsoeng ho felisa mamello ea tlhekefetso le ho lokisa litloaelo tsa bong tse kotsi. Linaha tsa machaba
lits’oanetse ho nka khato e kopanetsoeng ho tlisa pheliso ea ts’oaetso ea kokoana-hloko ea HIV.
HLAHLOBO
• U tla ts’ehetsa joang le ano lee?
36
Thuto 5:
Morupelloa oa tsa molao metseng
Nako: Metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa Thuto:
Thuto ena e hlalosa makhabane le mesebetsi ea motlisi oa phetoho le karolo ea hae
ho tlisa litaba sechabeng e le ho tlisa liphetoho.
Mmatli oa litaba
Ho sebetsana le boits’oaro ba batho le libopeho hangata ho hloka hoteba molemong oa ho utluisisa liphetoho
tsa liketso tsa bona. Batlisi ba phetoho ba sheba mehlala e fanang ka se thibelang phetoho hore e etsahale
hore ba tsebe ho sheba methati ea ho tlosa lithibela ho tlisa tharollo.
‘Muelelli
Phetoho ea sechaba se seng le se seng e hloka ‘muelli ea lehlakoreng la sona. Batlisi ba phetoho ba fumana
ts’ehetso ka boiteko le hokenyeletsa batho babang. Ha ba bua ka phethoho ka nako tsohle ‘me ba tseba seo
ba buang ka sona basa khanane, ba sa khathale, ba bile basa nyahame ba phehella ka tiisetso eohle ho thusa
sechaba sa bona.
Moeletsi
Phetoho e etsahala ha batho ba fetola liketso tsa bona, boits’oaro le libopeho. Batho ba ba le maikutlo a
fapaneng ha litloaelo tsa bona li tlosoa. Hangata, bahlokoa ho nka khatho e kotsi hotsoa moo baseng ba
tloaetse. Joalo ka Motlisi oa phetoho, u utluisisa mabaka a motho ka bo mong molemong oa batho bohle.
Moeletsi oa mamela ebile oa khothatsa abe a thuse motho ea tlokotsing ho fihlela liqeto ka bo eena.
Mosupisi
Engoe ea mesebetsi ea ba tlisang liphetoho ke ho fumana mekhoa ea ho thusa batho ho fetoha. Batlisi ba
phetoho ba hlalosa phetoho ‘me ba etsa hobe bobebe ho e etsa. Joalo ka basupisi o etsa moralo oa ts’ebetso,
lisebelisoa, mokhoa oa ts’ebetso le methati ho thusa batho ho atleha ha bantse ba fetoha. Mosupisi o ea thusa
e bile o na le matsapa a ho fihlela litharollo a sena ts’ekamelo.
Mokena li pakeng
Lihlopha tse fapaneng le batho ba eang tlasa phetoho hangata ba ba le menahano e fapaneng. Batlisi ba
phetoho ba laola khohlano ka ho thusa emong le emong ho bona boemo ka leihlo la emong ho fihlela
tharollo e ts’oanang. Ba sebeletsa ho matlafatsa kutluisiso le ho fokotsa khohlano lipakeng tsa batho ba
bangata molemong oa hore ba kopane ho tlisa phetoho. Mokena lipakeng ke moetsi oa khotso.
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Se tsibi
Batlisi ba phetoho ba its’etleha ho botsibi ba bona ho aha boeta-pele ba bona sechabeng. Ka ho arolelana
tsebo le babang, ba bonts’a hore baka ts’eptjoa ho bonts’a batho tsela e nepahetseng. Ka nako engoe phetiso
ea tsebo e etsahala ka lithupelo hape eka etsahala ka liphutheho le lipuisano. Setsibi se na le boits’epo se
khona le ho ruteha.
Melao
Motlisi oa phetoho o etsa bonnete ba hore merero, litaba-tabelo, matsatsi a molemong oa porojeke a fihleloa.
Ba beha batho taolong ea ho lifihlela. Batlisi ba phetoho ba fumana tsela ea ho beha batho boikarabello ho
etsa hore molemo o hlokahalang kapa kahlolo li fumanoe ha ho hlokahala.
Mohlala Ketsahalo 8
MAMPHO o rupelletsoe le babang baeta-pela ba sechaba ‘me ho tloha nakong eo ba se ba ipotsa ka
litloaelo tse ling tsa meetlo tse teng sechabeng sa bona.
Ba lutse ba khothaletsa phetoho litloaelong tsa meetlo tse khinang katleho le nts’etso - pele ea basali
le banana le SRHRs tse etsang hore babe tlokotsing ea HIV/AIDS.
Baeta-pele ba meetlo ba ileng thupelong le bona ke mehlala ea phetoho ka ho ba etsa li “Will”
molemong oa hore haeba ba ka hlokahala pele ho bana, ba be ba arotse thepa ea bona ka holekana ho
sena khethollo ea boleng ba ngoana. Hona ho etsa hore ho be bobebe ho susumetsa babang ba sechaba
ho etsa se ts’oanang.
Morena oa motse o hlophisitse lipitso tse ’maloa moo litaba tsa GBV, DV le kamano ea tsona le
HIV/AIDS litla sekoa-sekoa. Lipitsong tsena o sebelisa mehlala e phelang ea sechaba moo basali le
banana baileng ba sebetsoa hampe ‘me ba utloa bohloko bo kekeng ba phekolehanha babang ba ileng
ba hlokahala.
Morena o sebelisa qotsulo e reng “na u ka batla seo se etsahale ho uena kapaho morali oa hau na?”
Mosebetsi Oa Tsebo Ho Tlisa Phetoho Sechabeng
Mosebetsi oa tsebo ho tlisa phetoho sechabeng o holima matla a tsebo, e lebisitsoeng ho hokhothaletsa
nts’etso-pele le phetoho ea sechaba, Litabeng tsa tlhekefetso ea bong le HIV. Tsebo e tlaba molemong oa
ho ntsetsa-pele, kapa ho fetola litloaelo, le metheo tse roteletsang khatello ea basali le banana ‘me ba ba
tlokotsing ea HIV.
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Tsebo e ka sebelisoa ho fetola metheo ea khatello molemong oa kanetso ea tekano ho bohle. Tsebo e ka
thusa hape ho tataisa, ho fana ka tsela le susumetsa ba bang ho fihlela toro ea sechaba moo basali le banna
banang le litokelo tse lekanang. Ho bohloka ho bonts’a hore, morero oa tsebo hotliseng phetoho ha se fela
ho fetola sechaba empa ke ho fetola litloaelo tse sa tsehetseng kapa tsesa matlafatseng leano la CBV’s.
Mohlala Ketsahalo 9
Mekhoa le meetlo ea sechaba seo MAMPHO a phelang ho sona ke hore mosali o ngalla mots’eo ho sa
tsotellehe maemo a mabe joang o ts’oanetse ho mamella ka nako e ngoe ho tla loka. Sena se bolela hore
mathata a ka malapeng ha a buoe me a lula a sa rarolloe e ba moroalo oo basali ba o jarang.
Haesale MAMPHO le ba bang ba khutla thupelong ea CBV’s ba hlalosetsa batho ka litaba tsa
litokelo tsa Botho, ts’ireletso ea seriti, tekano ea bohle mahlong a melao le litaba tsa zero tolerance
agenda.
Ba bolella batho ka molao oa tekano oa Banyalani oa 2006 oo tlosang matla a lenyalo aoo Molekane
a neng a na le ona holima mosali oa hae ‘me o tlisa bocha taba ea hore balekane bana le seabo se
lekanang tsamaisong ea thepa ea bona lenyalong la kopanelo ea thepa.
Bantse ba bolella batho ka mekhoa le meetlo e sekisetsang basali e seng molaong e hlokang ho
tlosoa ka ho tlisoa pooaneng, ho tlaleha ho ba boholong hore baetsi ba liketso tse joalo ba fumane
likotlo tsa molao ‘me sechaba se phele ka boiketlo.
Ka lebaka la hore basebeletsi (CBVs) ke batho banang le ts’usumetso sechabeng ka thuso ea marena,
batho ba bonahala ba amohela le ho ananela litaba tseo bali tlisang.
Basebeletsi (CBVS), Phatlalatso Ea Litaba, Ts’alo
Morao Le Ho Tlaleha
Hona le mekhoa e matla ho thuso hokenya ts’ebetsong liphetoho tse labalabeloang. Li etsa bonnete ba hore
merero e fihleloa hantle, ka pele ka tataiso e nepahetseng le ts’alo-morao, hore ha liqholotso li kaba teng li
arabeloe ka nako.
•
Phatlalatso ea litaba: E kenyeletsa ho etsa bonnete ba hore sechaba kaofela se tseba phetoho
e labalabeloang. E ts’ehetsa hore sechaba se be boemong ba ho ikutloa ele karolo ea khato
le ho susumetsa phetoho. Basebeletsi (CBVs) mona ba etsa bonnete ba hore batho bana le
tsebo hore ba hlokang molemong oa ts’ireletso ea basali le banana khahlanong le GBV le
HIV/AIDS. Le ho batsibisa hore bohle ntle le bana, ba na le boikarabello ho ithlokomela,
hore mahlatsipa a mefuta eohle ea tlhekefetso le khethollo a lokolohe ho atamela baetapele.
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•
•
CBVs tse rupeletsoele le motho emong eo baka motsepang hotlaleha ketsahalo ea ketso ho
bona kapa bana.
Ts’alo morao: hona ho bolela hore b asebeletsi(CBVs) kamora lipitso batla hloka ts’alo
morao ea lipitso tseling kapa ho kena ntlo le ntlo ho fumana hore na batho ba utluisisitse
litaba. E kenyeletsa ts’alo-morao ea tsoelopele ekaba katleho kapa hose atlehe, liqholotso
tsebang li fumanoe ha thuto e etsoa.
Ho tlaleha: Ha mosebeletsi (CBVs) a fumana tlaleho ho tsoa ho lehlatsipa kapa ho motho
emong ba ts’oanetseng ho etsa ts’alo-morao ea tsoelo-pele ea nyeoe ho fihlela qetellong a
etsa bonnete ba hore o tsibisa lehlatsipa ka methati eohle ea nyeoe. Ho tlaleha ho kenyeletsa
ho fana ka moo thuto e entsoeng ka teng. Ho kenyeletsa ho hlalosa litla-morao tse
fumanoeng li ketsahalong letseling tseka hlakang ho eloa hloko mosebetsing o entsoeng,
tse utloahetseng kapa tsa bonahala. Tlaleho ekaba ea molomo kapa ea ngoloa. Tlaleho e
bohlokoa ho elelloa katleho ea basebelets (CBVs) khasong ea tsebo.
Meralo e boletsoeng e etsa bonnete ba hore boikarabello, ts’alo-morao le hlahobo.
Thuto 6:
CBV’s le motlisi oa phetoho sechabeng, makhotleng a
meetlo, mofani oa lits’ebeletso.
Nako: Metsotso e 30
Sepheo sa Thuto: Thuto ena e hlalosa kamoo basebeletsi ba molao ba ka sebetsang ka teng ho tlisa liphetoho
sechabeng, le makhotleng a meetlo.
Ea Tlisang Phetoho: Ke motho ea sebelisang boemo ba hae ho tataisa, ho bonts’a le ho susumetsa babang
ho fihlela morero o itseng. Motho ea joalo o susumetsoa ke liphetoho hore eena a tlise phetoho. Ka hoo
CBVs ele batlisi ba liphetoho sechabeng, makhotleng a meetlo, le phanong ea lits’ebeletso ba na le mosebetsi
oa ho latella mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho tlisa phetoho.
MAKHOTLA A MOETLO:
Metseng ea mahae morena le baeletsi ba hae ba etsa lekhotla la moetlo. Ke ba meetlo hobane ke bona
bahlokomeli ba meetlo le litloaelo, ba sebelisa melao ea Sesotho ho ahlola linyeoe tse hlahang ka pela bona.
MOTLISI OA LITS’EBELETSO:
Bana ke batho bao sechaba le mahlatsipas a GBV ba ka ba atamelang ho fumana thuso kapa ho fumana
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ts’ehetso le ho phuthuloha. E kaba Makanselara, Marena, Mapolesa, Baetapele ba likereke, Mekhatlo ea
sechaba, bosebeletsi ba ‘muso le batho ba bang bao lehlatsipa le ka bats’epang. Batho ba na ke bafani ba
lits’ebeletso hobane ba na le tsebo eo lehlatsipa le senang eona ‘me baka khona ho le tataisa ka moo le ka
fumanang tharollo ea bothata ka teng ka katleho.
HO TLISA LI PHETOHO HO KENYELETSA METHATI E MENE:
I. II. III. IV. Hloaea bothata ‘me u elelloe bohlokoa ba ho tlisa phetoho: Mothati ona o batla takatso ea
ho fumana bothata bo hlokang ho rarolloa. Ho hloaea bothata bo hlokang ho arabeloa.
Mothati ona o fihletsoe ha Baeta-pele ba meetlo ba lumela ho kena li thupelong moo ba
rupelloang hore ba ananele taba ea hore tse ling tsa litloaelo tsa meetlo li khetholla basali
le banana le hore liketso tse joalo li khahlanong le maano a thlompho ea litokelo tsa botho
‘me ha lina botho, ebile ke litlolo tsa molao. Hape o fihleloa ha ba lumela hoba batlisi ba
phetoho nts’etso peleng ea sechaba.
Etsa toro e ncha: Mothati ona o kenyeletsa ho thehoa le ho bua ka liketsahalo tse ling;
moo litaba kapa mathata a ileng a rarolloa ka katleho. Ha moetapela a qala ho amohela
litla morao tsa tseling tsa itloaelo tsa meetlo le ho utloa tlhokeho ea hofetoha, ba qala ho
sebelisa tseling tsa Litokelo tsa botho maphelong a bona le kabong ea toka ha ba ahlola
linyeoe le ho kholisa batho ho li sebelisa.
Batla ts’ehetso ea babang: Toro e tla hloka ho tsibisoa sechaba ho fumana boitlamo ba
sona ho fihlela toro. Ho ts’oanetse hobe le puisano e matlafetseng lipakeng tsa baetapele le
sechaba se reretsoeng taba.
Kenyeletsa phetoho: makhotla a meetlo a qale hoba hlokolosi ho ela hloko litaba tsa litokelo
tsa basali ele batho ba lekanang le banna kahong ea malapa.
Sepolesa: Se rupelloe ho ba hlokolosi ha ba sebetsa le mahlatsipa a basali le ho rarolleng litaba tsa sechaba
tseo ba li rupetsoeng ke basebeletsi (GBV).
Bachochisi le makhotla a melao: ba ts’oanetse ho tseba melao le maano le litumellano tsa machaba tse
tobang litaba tsa litokelo tsa basali le banana le basebeletsi (GBV) le hore na li kena ts’ebetsong joang.
Muso ka lefapha la ketsa Melao: o ts’oanetse o be o na le maikemisetso eseng fela a ho ananela litumellano
tsa machaba le litsamaiso empa ba ts’oanetse ho e kenyeletsa melaong ea naha hore hobe bobebe ho e sebelisa
ho fihlela bophethahatsi.
Mothati ona o kenya thlopho le meralo thuto e tla nkoa ho fihlela toro. Meralo e sebelisoang ha ngata ho
tlisa phetoho ke ho rekisa maikutlo le bo buelle sebakeng sa ba sitoang ho ipuella.. Thekiso ea maikutlo e
kenyeletsa ho leka ho hlohleletsa melao e itseng boemong ba naha. E kaba ka ho atamela babang ba baetsi
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ba melao, kapa ba bang ba pusong banang le ts’usumetso, ho hlahisa, ts’ehetso kapa khanyetso ea molao o
itseng kapa ho leka ho susumetsa sechaba ho arolelana maikutlo holima molao o hlahisitsoeng. Bo-buelli bo
shebana le methati e akaretsang joalo ka lithupelo tse lekang ho hlokomelisa sechaba ka ho hong ho itseng,
mohla GBV, HIV/AIDS.
Ke Bo Mang Ba Chang Ba Ts’ola Le Karolo Ea Bona
Ke E Feng?
Sechaba ka bongoe: Ba na ke batho ba angoang ke tlhekefetso ele ka kotloloho kapa ese ka kotloloho, ke
basali le banana ba hlekefetsoang. Ba-cha-ba-ts’ola ho ba batlisi ba phetoho ka hore ba tlameha ho tlaleha
tlhekefetso e le ho fumana tharollo. Ba ka tlaleha ho likomiti tsa metse kapa motho ea tsejoang, maponesa
kapa motho eo ba mots’epang.
Likomite tsa metseng: Ke metheo ekabang teng ka hare ho metse tse sebetsang ho ipolesa thibelong le
tlalehong ea liketso tsa tlhekefetso hara metse. Ba ka fumana tlaleho hotsoa ho lehlatsipa kapa hotsoa ho
motho eo lehlatsipa leneng le mots’epa kapa ea boneng ketsahalo.
Marena: Ba na ke bahlokomeli ba melao le baphethahatsi ba melao ea rona ea Sesotho le meetlo, ke baetapele
le bahlokomeli ba polokeho ea sechaba. Ke baahloli hape ba linyeoe tse tlisoang ho bona ke bahai ‘me ba
fana ka tataiso hore ho fumanoe tharollo e nepahetseng ka ho fana ka likahlolo kapa ho fetisetsa lehlatsipa
le moqusuoa ho boetapele bo ka holimo kapa bo ka fanang ka lits’ebeletso joalo ka sepolesa.
Makanselara: Ka ts’ebelisano ‘moho le marena makanselara ke baetapele ‘me bana le hona ho etella pele
linyeoe tse tlisoang ho bona ‘me le bona baka lifitisetsa pele ha ho hlokeha.
Baetapele Ba Kereke: Batho ba bang haholo basali ba fumana ts’ehetso haholo ea mathata a malapa ho
baeta-pele ba bona ba likereke. Hona ho etsa baetapele ba likereke baemeli ba ho tlisa phetoho ho DV. Ba
hloka ho fumants’oa tsebo ka litaba tsa GBV le mekhoa ea katamelo ho a rarolla hore ho be le thuso.
Mekhatlo e ikemetseng: Hona le mekhatlo e mengata e khothaletsang, e rupelang le hofana ka ts’ehetso
litabeng tsa GBV le DV. E meng ea mekhatlo e sebetsa e le libaka tsa litlaleho hotsoa ho baeta-pele metseng
kapa batho ka bomong ha ba hloka boeletsi ha ba tobane le litaba tsena; mekhatlo ena e ba batlisi ba
phetoho kahore batlisa tsebo ho sechaba ka likotsi tsa GBV le DV le litla morao tsa eona ho sechaba ka
kakaretso, le hore na sechaba seka tlisa phapang le phetoho joang maphelong a sona.
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Lekala la sepolesa la bana, tekano le ts’ireletso (CGPU): Ka thoko ho ts’ebetso e tloaelehileng ea Sepolesa
ho sireletsa sechaba, Sepolesa sena le lekalana la Bana, tekano le ts’ireletso, eo sepheo sa eona sa mantlha
eleng, ho arabela litaba tsa GBV. Ofisi ena e buletsoe litlaleho hotsoa mahlakoreng ohle a sechaba, ekaba ka
bo mong ba motho kapa e le tlaleho e fitisitsoeng methati e ka holimo. CGPU ke lekala le phethahatsang
molao ‘me le fihlela ts’ebetso ea lona ea ho tlisa phetoho ka ho ba mahlaha-hlaha mosebetsing oa liphuputso
le ho tlisa litloli tsa molao ka pele ho makhotla a molao.
Makala a mang a phethahatsang molao litabeng tsena ke bachochise le makhotla a molao. Mosebetsi oa
bona e le batlise ba phetoho ke ho sebetsa taba ka hlokolosi le ka pele.
Ts’ehetso le tsebo bakeng sa mahlatsipa le baahloli ba GBV le DV.
• Ka mora thupelo CBVs li ts’oanetse li be li khona e seng fela ho tlisa phetoho sechabeng empa le ho
fana ka ts’ehetso ho mahlatsipa a liketso tsa GBV le DV.
• Ho fihlela tsena: CBVs litla hloka hore ba lule ba ruta sechaba ka litaba tsa litokelo tsa bona le
boikarabello ho its’ireletsa toants’ong ea GBV le HIV.
• Ba tla hloka hape ho tsebisa le ho ba teng sechabeng le ka botsehetsi boo ba fanang ka bona
maemong ao tlhekefetso eseng e etsahetse.
• Basebeletsi (CBVs) bahloka hoba seli le bohlale ha ba bua ka litaba tsa GBV, hobane litaba tsa
tlhekefetso lithata ho kholiseha le ho tlalehoa ka hore li kenyeletsa malapa.
• CBVs ba ts’oanela ho utluisisa lekunutu la litaba tsa basebeletsi (GBV) ‘me ba ts’oanetse ho boloka
litaba tsa batho e le lekunutu ka mehla.
• Ba ts’oanetse ho tseba ha ketsahalo e le ka holimo ho matla a bona ‘me ba e fitisetse mothating o ka
pele moo etla sebetsoa basa hanye monyetla oa lehlatsipa ho fumants’oa toka.
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Lelapa
Makhotla
a molao
Boikipanyo
ba sechaba
Motho ka
bo mong
Marena,
makanselara,
baetapele ba
likereke
Sepolesa
CGPU
Mekhatlo e
ikemetseng joalo ka
WILSA, FIDA
Setsoantso sena se bonts’a lebili la ts’ebeletso ea phetiso ea tlaleho ho tloha ho motho ka mong ho ea
boemong boo nyeoe e leng ka pela makhotla a melao.
Ho fetola litloaelo tsa meetlo tse kotsi ho babang ke thuto e tebileng e hlokang bohle ba amehang ba
kenyeletsang Baeta-pele ba meetlo, sechaba le Baetapele ba likere le muso.
Nahana!
• Nahana na litaba tseo u li fumaneng mona li fetotse joang
mokhoa oa hao oa ho inahana.
• U nahana u tla thusa ba bang joang ka tsebo ee?
• Nahana mekhoa eo u tla e sebelisa ho phatlalatsa litaba tsena
• Ke liqholotso lifeng tseo u kanna oa kopana le tsona ha u tlisa
phetoho? U tla li hlola joang?
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