Name:_________________________________________________________
American History Guide Notes
Chapter 12 The Age of Jackson
Mr. Brown
Give a thorough response in your answers: If it involves a person be sure to answer who he/she was
and what significant action or accomplishment he/she made. For all other terms and questionsyour answer should include the main idea, significance and/or how it relates to the context of the
chapter information. Your hand writing must be legible. 10 points available: each question is worth .2
pts. (ie: minus 2 questions = 9.6 total score) Essential Question: What impact did Andrew Jackson’s
presidency have on the nation?
Timeline:
1824 Sectional interests divide the Democratic-Republican Party in the 1828 election. Effect: John Quincy
Adams is elected president.
1828 Andrew Jackson is elected president.
1830 Indian Removal Act is passed. Effect: Thousands of Cherokees are forced on the Trail of Tears.
1832 Jackson vetoes charter of the Bank of the United States. Jackson is reelected.
1834 Whig Party is formed.
1836 Martin Van Buren is elected president.
1837 Panic of 1837 occurs. Effect: Many prople lose money and jobs.
1840 William Henry Harrison is elected president.
Section 1: Jacksonian Democracy and States’ Rights
What is the main idea of Margret Bayard Smith’s quote (primary source) on page 395?-
Andrew Jackson-
What is Sectionalism?:
***What political divisions appeared during the election of 1824- describe how presidential supporters were
divided along sectional lines:
Who won the presidential election of 1824?
When no candidate receives a majority of the electoral votes who chooses the president?
What were the political differences and ambitions between Jackson and Adams?
What two political parties grew out of these differences?
***How did Andrew Jackson help change/broaden American democracy?
In the election of 1828, what did Jackson campaign against, and who was he for, and what did he promote?
What is Jacksonian democracy?
Jackson’s victory in 1828 was hailed as a victory for: _________ ____________________ _____________.
What factors helped Jackson win the election of 1828?
What was known as the spoils system?
Complete the View of Democracy Chart of how the ideas of democracy changed during Jackson’s
presidency:
Jeffersonian Democracy
Jackson Democracy
Government by an educated few
Voting restricted to property owners
Limited government
***What were the economic issues (sectional tensions) between the Northeast, the South and the West during
this time and who wanted what?
What was the effect of Jackson winning the election in terms of public involvement and American democracy?
The issue of tariffs fueled old issues/national debate over what?
What are states’ rights?
What was The Tariff of Abominations:
Who was John C. Clahoun and what did he propose concerning the Tariff of Abominiations?
What is The Doctrine of Nullification?:
What were Daniel Webster’s and Robert Y. Hayne’s ideas/concerns regarding the doctrine of nullification?
What were Jackson’s ideas/concerns regarding the Doctrine of Nullification?
Why did South Carolina threaten to secede from the union and how was this averted (stopped)?
What might have happened if the states were allowed to nullify federal law (this is your own
critical analysis)?
Section 2: Jackson’s Policy Toward Native Americans
Sequoya, who was he and what did he hope to gain?
Literacy:
Many whites viewed native Americans who still lived east of the Mississippi as an ________________ to
____________________.
Assimilate:
By the 1820s, about 100,000 Native Americans were still living east of the Mississippi River. The major tribes
were the:
Which tribe had adopted white customs more than any other tribe?
What was the name of the Cherokee newspaper?
What did Jackson believe the government had a right to do with Native Americans and how did he view them?
What happened in Georgia in 1828 that further complicated matters for the Cherokee?
The Indian Removal Act of 1830:
***How did the Indian Removal Act impact/affect the Native Americans?
What did Edward Everett warn against?
What/where was the area that was called the Indian Territory:
How did Supreme Court Justice John Marshall rule when the Cherokees appealed to the Supreme Court to
protect their land from being seized by the state of Georgia?
How did President Jackson and Georgia react to the Supreme Court decision?
What happened when Cherokees led by John Ross opposed the treaty?
Who was General Winfield Scott?
What events described the The Trail of Tears:
Where did Tsali and his family flee to when they escaped soldiers trying to take them to a camp and why did he
surrender?
Who was Osceola and what is the Second Seminole War?
Who was Black Hawk and what did he attempt to do?
How did Americans react to Jackson’s Native American policy?
Section 3: Prosperity and Panic
Martin Van Buren:
What was Martin Van Buren’s belief in response to the economy taking a turn for the worse?
Who was Nicholas Biddle and what was the Second Bank of the United States?
Charter:
***Describe the four patterns of a business cycle (p. 410)?
Peak:
Expansion:
Recession:
Low Point:
Why did Jackson veto Congress decision to renew the charter of the Second Bank of the U.S.?
In the presidential campaign of 1832 what did Henry Clay’s call Jackson?
What happened when Jackson’s state banks issued too much paper money?
Inflation:
The Panic of 1837:
A recession tends to happen when consumers spend less money and businesses loose profits and lay off
workers.
What is a Depression?
Complete the Chart: What impact did Jackson’s Presidency have on the nation?
Event
Impact
Election of 1828
Tariff of Abominations
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Bank War
Election of 1836
What was the Whig Party and what were they opposed to, what did they believe and what did they “mockingly
call Jackson”?
Who was William Henry Harrison and what battle was he considered the war hero of?
John Tyler:
How did the Whigs portray Harrison as opposed to Van Buren in the election of 1840?
What does secede mean?