Brussels, 28-­‐30 September
Polychaeta (Annelida) in WoRMS
Geoff Read
NIWA New Zealand
www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/index.php
Context interface
Swimming — an unexpected skill of Polychaeta
Alciopidae
Acrocirridae
Nereididae
Teuthidodrilus = squidworm
Acrocirridae
Polynoidae
Swima bombiviridis
Syllidae
Syllidae
Total WoRMS Polychaeta records, excluding fossils 91 valid families. Entries >98% editor checked, except Echiura (69%)
Group in WoRMS
Class Polychaeta
Echiura were recently a separate phylum
all taxa names
all species names
valid species names
23,872
20,135
11,615
Subclass Echiura
296
234
197
Subclass Errantia
12,686
10,849
6,210
354
265
199
10,528
8,787
5,009
28
16 ( 3 terrestrial)
1601
1086 ( 279 Hirudinea)
Subclass Polychaeta incertae sedis
Subclass Sedentaria
Non-­‐marine Polychaeta
Class Clitellata*
*Total valid non-­‐leech clitellates ~5000 spp, 1700 aquatic. (Martin et al. 2008) Annelida diversity
"It is now clear that annelids, in addition to including a large number of species, encompass a much greater disparity of body plans than previously anticipated, including animals that are segmented and unsegmented, with and without parapodia, with and without chaetae, coelomate and acoelomate, with straight guts and with U-­‐shaped digestive tracts, from microscopic to gigantic." (Andrade et al. 2015)
Andrade et al ( 2015) “Articulating “archiannelids”: Phylogenomics and annelid relationships, w ith emphasis on m eiofaunal taxa.” Molecular B iology and Evolution, efirst
Myzostomida (images Summers et al)
EV Nautilus: R iftia
Semenov: Terebellidae
Annelida latest phylogeny
“… it is now well accepted that Annelida includes many taxa formerly considered different phyla or with supposed affiliations with other animal groups, such as Sipuncula, Echiura, Pogonophora and Vestimentifera, Myzostomida, or Diurodrilida
(Struck et al. 2011; Kvist and Siddall 2013; Weigert et al. 2014; Andrade et al. 2015; Laumer et al. 2015a; Struck et al. 2015).”
Giribet, G. (2015) New animal phylogeny: future challenges for animal phylogeny in the age of phylogenomics. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, efirst, 1-­‐8.
Myzostomida (images Summers et al)
Higher & higher ranks: the collapse of Pogonophora etc into family Siboglinidae
In 2001 Rouse distilled two phyla (Pogonophora, Vestimentifera), as well as two subphyla, three classes, and 13 families down into family Siboglinidae
What has happened since?
Nothing adverse … deep-­‐sea siboglinid research continues apace Currently there are 32 siboglinid genera and just 178 species
State of play — current WoRMS Polychaeta ad hoc hierarchy Subclass Echiura
Subclass Polychaeta incertae sedis
Subclass Errantia
Order Amphinomida
Order Eunicida
Order Phyllodocida
Suborder Aphroditiformia
Suborder Glyceriformia
Suborder Nereidiformia
Suborder Phyllodociformia
Suborder Phyllodocida incertae sedis
Subclass Sedentaria
Infraclass Canalipalpata
Family Chaetopteridae
Infraclass Scolecida
Order S abellida
Order S pionida
Order Terebellida
Annelida latest phylogeny
outgroups
First-­‐split annelids
Sipuncula Fig. 5 ML tree. Andrade et al (2015) “Articulating “archiannelids”: Phylogenomics and annelid relationships, with emphasis on meiofaunal taxa.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, efirst.
Myzostomida
Where or what is 'Polychaeta' now? Errantia
Is it a superfluous name? Is it Errantia plus Sedentaria, which latter includes Clitellates
(oligochaetes & hirudinea) plus Echiura?
Sedentaria
Echiura
Clitellata
Myzostomida (images Summers et al)Siboglinidae
Planning ahead … Annelidabase? Discuss with colleagues?
Planning ahead … Annelidabase? Discuss with colleagues?
Annelida
Annelida
Annelida
Brussels, 28-­‐29-­‐30 September
< Ends >
Sabella spallanzanii by C. Middleton