Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Name: ________________________________
Description Involved in sexual reproduction? Daughter cells are clones of the parent? # of cell divisions # of daughter cells produced Type of daughter cells produced (somatic or gametes) Diploid or haploid daughter cells? Date: _____
Mitosis Meiosis 1. List at least two reasons organisms undergo mitosis. 2. Why do sexually reproducing organisms need to do meiosis. Gametes (sex cells) only have half the genetic information as other body cells. 3a. What are the female gametes called? _____________ the male gametes? _________ 3b. Which process produces gametes? ________________ 3b. How many chromosomes do human body cells have? _______ 3c. How many chromosomes do human gametes have? _______ 4. Draw the process of fertilization happening. Then, label the number of chromosomes in each gamete and the zygote as if this was happening in humans. 5. Name two differences between mitosis and meiosis. 6. A horse has 64 chromosomes in its body cells. After mitosis, how many chromosomes will its body cells have? ____________ After meiosis, how many chromosomes will its sperm cells have? ____________. 7. A sperm cell in a fly has 26 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be in the fly’s wing cells? _____ 8. List at least three other body cells in a human that have the same number of chromosomes as a fertilized egg (the zygote). 9. What are the only cells that do NOT have 46 chromosomes in humans? COMPREHENSION 10. Explain why gametes must be haploid. 11. THINK: Could mitosis produce gametes? Why or why not? 12. Look at the diagram of meiosis on the other side. Where do you see crossing-­‐over of chromosomes (pieces of a chromosomes breaking off and going to another)? 13. Why must DNA replicate before cells divide (in mitosis AND meiosis)? You may wish to diagram the processes without DNA replication to help you answer this question. 14. Imagine you discover a new species of organism. This organism is unicellular and has a cell membrane, ribosomes, and DNA. The organism does not have a nucleus, mitochondria, or other membrane-­‐bound organelles. -­‐Will this organism reproduce by asexual or sexual reproduction? _________________________ -­‐How do you know? -­‐What specific reproductive strategy does this organism most likely use? 15. Dr. Takacs tells you that a newly discovered organism grows by mitosis and creates its sex cells by meiosis. -­‐Could this organism be a bacterial cell? ______________-­‐ Why or why not? 16. Now that you’re an expert on mitosis and meiosis, write two quiz questions that Dr. Takacs could use on our next quiz. Make sure you include the answers to your questions!