Grade 7 Unit 4 - Evidence for Evolution » Form A (Master Copy) Directions: Please choose the best answer choice for each of the following questions. 1. 3. The wings of a bat, flippers of a dolphin, and legs of an alligator have similar structures. This evidence supports the theory of evolution because it indicates that A. mammals all evolved in the same way. B. animals evolved to fly, swim, and run. C. some animals are related to birds. D. these animals share a common ancestor. A. 1,600 Before the Industrial Revolution in England, most peppered moths were gray and blended in with the light-colored tree trunks. During the Industrial Revolution, the tree trunks turned dark with pollution, and there were mostly black moths. Which of these BEST explains why there were mostly black moths in the polluted area? B. 1,800 A. Predators preferred to eat black moths. C. 2,100 B. Female moths preferred to mate with gray males. D. 2,600 C. The gray moths were smaller than the black moths. 4. The graph displays the population changes over time for a small island. If this trend continues, what will be the island’s approximate population in the ninth year? 2. Some geological events that occurred in what is now the eastern part of the Mojave Desert are shown in the timeline below. D. The black moths were harder for predators to find. 5. Based on this timeline, when was the Pacific Ocean basin created? A. around 144 million years ago B. around 320 million years ago Charles Darwin studied finches on the Galápagos Islands. The finches on each island had slightly different-shaped beaks. Darwin concluded that natural selection led to the evolution of different beak shapes in finches. According to Darwin, which of the following MOST LIKELY happened? A. The finches changed their beak shapes to eat the available types of food. B. The different food types on each island caused each individual finch's beak to change shape. Finches were born only on islands where their C. beaks were better shaped to eat the available types of food. Finches with beaks better shaped to eat the D. available types of food survived and reproduced most often. C. around 438 million years ago D. around 570 million years ago Go on to the next page » DataDirector Assessment ID: 18712 Page 1 of 5 © 2011 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. All rights reserved. Grade 7 Unit 4 - Evidence for Evolution » Form A (Master Copy) 6. The pipevine swallowtail is foul tasting to many of its predators, but the red-spotted purple is not foul tasting. Over time, the red-spotted purples that most closely resembled the pipevine swallowtail survived in greater numbers because their predators thought they were also foul tasting. 8. While a student was visiting the desert, she noticed the tan color of many of its animals. Which of these explains why many desert animals are a similar tan color? A. Most of the animals that originally arrived in the desert were tan. B. The food available in the desert causes the color of animals to become tan. The desert environment allows tan animals to C. survive and reproduce at higher rates than other animals. Tan animals can survive on less water than other D. animals so they are more likely to choose to stay in the desert. The survival of certain red-spotted purple butterflies and not others is an example of 7. A. camouflage. B. metamorphosis. 9. Before natural selection can occur, there must be ____________________ within a population C. natural selection. A. dominant traits D. species diversity. B. an abundant food supply Of the birds shown below, which is MOST LIKELY to be the most successful at getting food in an environment where the food is mostly nectar from flowers? C. environmental factors D. genetic variation 10. A. In a desert environment, there are two members of the same species of lizard. Lizard A can hold more water in its body than lizard B. Natural selection favors lizard A, because it is better adapted and thus more likely to A. eat more than lizard B. B. reproduce more than lizard B. C. drink less water than lizard B. B. D. avoid more predators than lizard B. 11. C. According to Darwin's reasoning, individuals who are NOT well- adapted to the environment will have A. more genetic variability B. more disease resistance C. fewer surviving offspring D. more surviving offspring 12. D. What is most likely the cause of the great variety of plants and animals that have lived on Earth throughout Earth's history? A. fossil record B. life expectancy C. natural selection D. selection breeding Go on to the next page » DataDirector Assessment ID: 18712 Page 2 of 5 © 2011 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. All rights reserved. Grade 7 Unit 4 - Evidence for Evolution » Form A (Master Copy) 13. Over 100 years the weather gets colder. There is more snow, and more white rabbits. This is an example of A. dominant genes helping an organism survive B. the environment causing diversity of organisms C. the rabbits changing their fur color to match the white snow 16. Mary was researching the most abundant organisms present in the fossil record over time. She created the table below using the information she gathered. D. temperature changing mating patterns of rabbits 14. According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, if an individual is better suited to its environment then that individual A. is guranteed to live a long life. B. is more likely to reproduce. C. has a lower chance of survival. D. is unaffected by environmental factors. 15. Which of the following played a major role in Darwin’s reasoning of this theory of natural selection? A. Variation in a species leads to some organisms having an advantage over others. B. Certain animals want to change more than other animals, so they do. Which of these can be BEST concluded from this table? C. Offspring are identical to their parents. A. Fish species have evolved from birds over time. D. Life remains unchanged on Earth. B. Reptiles became extinct at the end of the Paleozoic era. C. The species of plants and animals in existence have changed over time. D. The same plants and animals have existed since the beginning of Earth’s history. 17. Evidence from fossils and radioactive dating indicate that there has been life on earth for about A. 30 billion years. B. 3 billion years. C. 3 million years. D. 300,000 years. 18. How does fossil evidence BEST support the theory of evolution? A. Fossils show the order in which changes in organisms took place. B. Fossils show that organisms have existed on earth for billions of years. C. Fossils show remains of now extinct organisms. D. Fossils show how climates and landforms have changed. Go on to the next page » DataDirector Assessment ID: 18712 Page 3 of 5 © 2011 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. All rights reserved. Grade 7 Unit 4 - Evidence for Evolution » Form A (Master Copy) 19. The image shows the fossils of prehistoric amphibians. 21. plate tectonics B. relativity 22. D. evolution A scientist is examining the dinosaur fossil and pigeon skeleton shown below. Based on the structure of the fossil and skeleton, what can the scientist MOST LIKELY conclude? A. Dinosaurs and birds are about the same size. B. Dinosaurs and birds have similar eating habits. C. Birds once lived in the same place as dinosaurs. D. Sedimentary rocks are made only from fossilized remains, so they naturally contain many fossils. B. Sedimentary rock does not form under extreme heat and pressure, so fossils contained in the rock are not destroyed. Sedimentary rock forms only in places where D. there are many plants and animals, which leave behind fossilized remains. C. the Big Bang 20. A. Sedimentary rocks contain many holes, providing C. homes for animals that will eventually die and leave behind skeletons. Fossils provide information to best support which theory? A. Sedimentary rocks are the most common rocks containing fossil remains. Why do sedimentary rocks act as such a good keeper of fossil records? Birds may be the descendants of certain dinosaurs. The diagram below shows the bone structure for different animals. Which of these statements has been supported by scientists comparing these bone structures? A. These animals are related through a common ancestor but have become different through evolution. B. These animals do not share a common ancestor but have become similar through evolution. C. The ages of fossils cannot be accurately determined by studying radioactive elements. D. The fossil record does not contain reliable information about animal evolution. Go on to the next page » DataDirector Assessment ID: 18712 Page 4 of 5 © 2011 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. All rights reserved. Grade 7 Unit 4 - Evidence for Evolution » Form A (Master Copy) 23. 24. A fossil is found of a species of shark that is estimated to be 200 million years old. This fossil looks very different from any living shark species. What is the BEST conclusion that can be drawn from this information? A. That fossil of the shark is not accurate, and sharks have not changed very much. B. Over the last 200 million years, different kinds of fish have evolved to become sharks. C. Over the last 200 million years, the environment has changed, so the shark has adapted. D. That species of shark bred with another species, forming a hybrid shark that exists today. In parts of the United States, there is a hare whose fur changes during the year. Sometimes its fur is thin and grayish-brown. Other times, it has a thicker coat of white fur. • Based on the physical traits mentioned, describe what winter is probably like where the hare lives. • Describe an advantage of having the coat of white fur. • Describe an advantage of having the thin, grayish-brown fur. Use words, numbers, and/or pictures to show your work. Enter your answer in the space provided. 25. The brown-headed cowbird is an example of a brood parasite. Brood parasites are birds that lay their eggs in the nests of other birds. • Describe two advantages the brownheaded cowbird may get by engaging in this behavior. • How might this behavior hurt the host bird? Use words, numbers, and/or pictures to show your work. Enter your answer in the space provided. Stop! You Go have onfinished to the next thispage exam. » DataDirector Assessment ID: 18712 Page 5 of 5 © 2011 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. All rights reserved.
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