Simple past tense
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Simple past tense
• Simple past tense shows
– the completion of a single action at a point in past
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Simple past tense
• Simple past tense is formed by using perfect
form of the verb.
Subject
Verb root
Ali
uth
uth-na to stand up
Perfective
form of
verb
uth-a
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Perfective forms of verb
Infinitive
jaag-na
Without
‘na’
to wake up jag
Perfective
Perfective
form of verb form of verb
Sing. masc.
Sing. fem.
jag-a
jag-i
chal-na
to walk chal
chal-a
chal-i
so-na
to sleep so
so-ya
so-i
If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive
add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine verb
Perfective forms of verb
Infinitive
uth-na
Without
‘na’
to stand up uth
Perfective
Perfective
form of verb form of verb
Pl. masc.
Pl. fem.
uth-a
uth-i
aa-na
to come ____
_____
_____
ur-na
to fly ____
_____
_____
If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive
add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine
Perfective forms of verb
Infinitive
khol-na
to open khol
Perfective
Perfective
form of verb form of verb
Sing. masc.
Sing. fem.
khol-a
khol-i
parh-na
to read parh
parh-a
parh-i
kha-na
to eat kha
kha-ya
kha-i
pi-ya
pi-i
pi-na
Without
‘na’
to drink pi
Perfective forms of verb
Infinitive
dekh-na
Without
‘na’
Sing. masc.
Verb
Sing. fem.
Verb
to see, to watch dekh
dekh-a
dekh-i
to write ____
_____
_____
bata-na
to tell ____
_____
_____
keh-na
to say ____
_____
_____
likh-na
Agreement in simple past tense
Intransitive Verbs
• The verb agrees with the subject in case of
intransitive verbs
• Larka aaya.
• The boy came.
• Larkey aaey.
• The boys came.
• Larki aai.
• The girl came.
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Agreement in simple past tense
Transitive Verbs
• In case the verb is transitive and ‘ney’ is used
then the verb agrees with the object.
• Ali ney khana (m,sing.) khaya.
• Ali ate the meal.
• Ali ney samosey (m,pl.) khaey.
• Ali ate the samosas.
• Ali ney rotian (f,pl.) khai.
• Ali ate the breads.
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Proper noun
Singular
Masculine Ali aaya
3rd
person Feminine
plural
Ali aur Usman aaey
Ali came
Ali and Usman came
Ayesha aai
Ayesha aur Fatima aaeen
Ayesha came
Ayesha and Fatima came
Common noun
Singular
Masculine Larka aaya
3rd
person Feminine
plural
Larkey aaey
The Boy came
Larki aai
The Boys came
Larkian aaeen
The girl came
The girls came
1st person (pronoun)
Singular
Masculine Main aaya
1st
I came
person Feminine Main aai
I came
plural
Hum aaey
We came
Hum aaeen
We came
2nd person (pronoun)
Singular
plural
Masculine Tum aaey
Aap aaey
Aap aaey
Aap aaey
You came
Tum aai
You came
Aap aaeen
Aap aai
Aap aaeen
You came
You came
2nd
person
Feminine
3rd person (pronoun)
Singular
Masculine Voh aaya
3rd
He came
person Feminine Voh aai
She came
plural
Voh aaey
They came
Voh aaeen
They came
Conversations between two friends
Ali: Assalaam-o-alaikum (Hello)
Aslam: Wa-alaikum-assalaam (Hello)
Ali: Aap keya ker rahey hain?
What are you doing?
Aslam: Main khareedari ker raha hoon.
I am shopping.
Ali: Main bhi khareedari ker raha hoon.
I am also shopping.
Khareedari
Shopping
Ali: Keya aap ney gari park ki?
Did you park the car?
Aslam: Jee haan, Main ney gari park ki.
Yes, I parked the car.
Ali: Keya aap ney khareedari ki tokri li?
Did you take the shopping basket?
Aslam: Jee haan, Main ney khareedari ki tokri li.
Yes, I took the shopping basket.
Khareedari
Shopping
Ali: Aap ney Keya khareeda?
What did you purchase?
Aslam: Main ney shirtain khareedeen.
I purchased shirts.
Aslam: Aap ney Keya khareeda?
What did you purchase?
Ali: Main ney kurta khareeda.
I purchased kurta.
Khareedari
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
___ ____ ____?
What did you purchase?
___ ____ ____.
I purchased watch.
___ ____ ____?
What did you purchase?
___ ____ ____.
I purchased socks.
Shopping
Khareedari
Ali: Keya aap ney khana khaya?
Did you take meal?
Aslam: Main ney khana nahi khaya.
I did not take the meal .
Ali: Main ney kuch nahi khaya.
I did not eat anything.
Aslam: Chalo kuch khatey hain.
Let’s eat something.
Shopping
Khana
Eating
Ali:___ ____ ____?
What is in the menu?
Waiter: ___ ____ ____.
Burger, pizza and salad is available.
Aslam: ___ ____ ____?
Let’s eat pizza?
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
I do like pizza.
Guftago
Aap ney assignmant
banai?
Did you make
the assignment?
Conversation
Main ney assignmant
nahi banai.
I did not make
the assignment.
Guftago
Ali:___ ____ ____?
Did you finish the meal?
Aslam___ ____ ____.
No, not yet.
Aslam: ___ ____ ____?
Let’s take salad?
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
I do not like salad.
Conversation
Guftago
Aap apney mulak
kub jaa rahey hain?
When are you going
to your country?
Conversation
Main apney mulak
agley maah jaa raha
Hoon.
Next month I am going
to my country.
Guftago
Conversation
Ali:___ ____ ____?
Did you Purchase gifts for the family?
Aslam___ ____ ____.
No, not yet.
Aslam: ___ ____ ____?
Let’s purchase together?
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
This is a good idea.
Guftago
Conversation
Ali: Chalo behen key liye har khareedtey hain.
Let us purchase necklace for sister?
Aslam: Haan! Yeh acha khayal hai.
Yes, this is a good idea.
Ali: Chalo bhai key liye video game khareedtey hain.
Let us purchase video game for brother?
Aslam: Haan! Yeh acha khayal hai.
Yes, this is a good idea.
Guftago
Conversation
Aslam: ___ ____ ____.
Let us purchase shawl for mother.
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
Yes, this is a good idea.
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
Let us purchase watch for father?
Aslam: ___ ____ ____.
Yes, this is a good idea.
Guftago
Aaj key liye itni
khareedari kafi hai.
This much shopping is
enough for today.
Conversation
Shukriya! Aapka sath
acha hai.
Thanks! Your company
is good.