Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ Answers for the Study Guide: Sun, Earth and Moon Relationship Test 1) It takes one day for the Earth to make one complete _________________________ on its axis. a. Rotation 2) It takes one year for the Earth to make one _____________________________ around the sun. a. Revolution 3) The 23.5° tilt of the earth on its axis creates________________________________________. a. seasons 4) What change would occur if Earth’s rate of rotation significantly decreased? a. The day would be longer. 5) Why can we see the moon at night even though it does not produce any light? a. The moon reflects the light from the sun 6) What moon phase does a lunar eclipse occur in? a. Full Moon 7) When the moon blocks the Earth from the sun a ____________________ _________________ occurs. a. Solar Eclipse 8) What is the position of the Earth, Sun and Moon during a lunar eclipse? a. Sun, Earth, Moon 9) What is the position of the Earth, Sun and Moon during a solar eclipse? a. Sun, Moon, Earth 10) A complete moon cycle is how many weeks? a. 4 11) How many low and high tides occur in one day? a. 4 12) When the sun/ moon’s gravity are working together, this type of tide occurs. a. Spring Tide 13) When the sun’s/moon’s gravity are working against each other, this type of tide occurs. a. Neap Tide 14) What moon phase(s) occur during a spring tide? a. Full and New Moon 15) What moon phase(s) occur during a neap tide? a. 1st and 3rd (last) Quarter Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 1 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 16) How many hours are between each high tide and low tide? a. 6 hours 17) This diagram represents which type of tide? a. High tides (new moon phase) Æ Spring Tide 18) Can a solar eclipse and spring tide ever occur at the same time? a. Yes, during a new moon phase. 19) Why can’t we see a new moon on earth? a. The side of the moon that we can see from the Earth is not lit from the sun. The position of the sun, earth and moon during a new moon phase is Sun, Moon then Earth. The moon is between the Earth and the sun causing the side of the moon facing the sun to block the sunlight from the other side of the moon (the side we see on Earth). Sun Moon Earth 20) What does waxing mean? a. The lighted part of the moon starts to grow from right to left (Jack) 21) What does waning mean? a. The lighted part of the moon starts to shrink from right to left (Jill) b. Or the shadow on the moon starts to grow from right to left 22) Draw a diagram of the Sun, Earth and Moons for all the moon phases. Shade in the phase and label it. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 2 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 23) Draw a diagram of the 4 seasons using the sun and the earth (tilted). Label each solstice and equinox and write the date they occur on. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 3 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 24) Draw and label a solar and lunar eclipse using the following terms in each: Umbra, Penumbra, Partial Eclipse and Total Eclipse. Solar Eclipse: Sun‐Moon‐Earth In the penumbra there would be a partial eclipse and in the umbra there would be a total eclipse. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 4 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ Lunar Eclipse: Sun‐ Earth‐ Moon In the penumbra there would be a partial eclipse and in the umbra there would be a total eclipse. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 5 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 25) Describe how the length of daylight changes from the Equator to the North Pole on the date shown and explain the reasoning for your answer. a. There is more daylight at the Equator than at the North Pole 26) If the last high tide was at 4:00 am when will the next high tide be? a. 4:00 pm because there will be a low tide in 6hours and another high tide in an additional 6 hours after the next low tide or (12 hours from the last high tide) Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 6 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ SHADOWS 27) What is a shadow? A. is an area where direct light from a light source cannot reach due to obstruction by an object 28) How can you make a shadow larger or smaller? (Draw and explain) With the light stationary, if the object is closer to the light source, the shadow is smaller. If the object is farther away, the object is larger. Larger Smaller 29) What type of material makes the best shadows? (Transparent___________, Translucent ___________, or Opaque ___________) Opaque 30) How many objects, at minimum, are needed to create a shadow? 3 Æ The light, the object blocking the light and the surface Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 7 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 31) Using the shape given and the light, draw the shadows. Using the figurine and the light, record how the shadows change sizes. 32) Why do we have different seasons in the northern hemisphere than the southern hemisphere? Winter: Earth’s axis is pointed away from the sun Summer: Earth’s axis is pointed toward the sun The tilt of the Earth on its axis creates seasons. When the northern hemisphere is pointed toward the sun we are experiences summer but that causes the southern hemisphere to be pointed away from the sun, which creates winter and vise versa. When the Earth (NORTHERN HEMISPHERE) is tilted toward the Sun more direct energy (HEAT) enters the atmosphere. 33) Why doesn’t an eclipse occur every full moon? Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 8 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ When the Earth (NORTHERN HEMISPHERE) is tilted away from the Sun energy (HEAT) is concentrated more in the Southern Hemisphere. 34) If a high tide occurs at 6 A.M. and P.M. At what time will the low tides occur? There are 24 hours in a day and 4 high and low tides total in a day so 24/4 = 6 hours each high and low tide are apart. Low tides are at 12 A.M. and 12 P.M 35) If the tilt of the Earth’s axis increased what would be the effect of the seasons? Result: More extreme summers and winter Longer summer days, shorter winter days in the higher latitudes
36) Explain how the angle of insolation hitting the earth affects the amount of heat received by the earth’s surface? When the Earth (NORTHERN HEMISPHERE) is tilted away from the Sun energy (HEAT) is concentrated more in the Southern Hemisphere, causing cooler temperatures in the northern hemisphere. When the Earth (NORTHERN HEMISPHERE) is tilted toward the Sun more direct energy (HEAT) enters the atmosphere, causing warmer temperatures in the northern hemisphere. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 9 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 37) Draw and label a neap tide with the pull of gravity and inertia, water bulge, high and low tide labeled, moon phase shaded correctly for a third quarter moon. Earth 38) Draw and label a spring tide with the pull of gravity and inertia, water bulge, high and low tide labeled, moon phase shaded correctly for a full moon. Inertia
Gravity and Inertia
Gravity Earth Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test Inertia
10 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 11 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ Study Guide: Sun, Earth and Moon Relationship Test 1) It takes one day for the Earth to make one complete ____________________ on its axis. 2) It takes one year for the Earth to make one ____________________ around the sun. 3) The 23.5° tilt of the earth on its axis creates_____________________. 4) What change would occur if Earth’s rate of rotation significantly decreased? 5) Why can we see the moon at night even though it does not produce any light? 6) What moon phase does a lunar eclipse occur in? 7) When the moon blocks the Earth from the sun a _________ _____________occurs. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 12 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 8) What is the position of the Earth, Sun and Moon during a lunar eclipse? 9) What is the position of the Earth, Sun and Moon during a solar eclipse? 10) A complete moon cycle is how many weeks? 11) How many low and high tides occur in one day? 12) When the sun/ moon’s gravity are working together, this type of tide occurs. 13) When the sun’s/moon’s gravity are working against each other, this type of tide occurs. 14) What moon phase(s) occur during a spring tide? 15) What moon phase(s) occur during a neap tide? Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 13 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 16) How many hours are between each high tide and low tide? 17) This diagram represents which type of tide? 18) Can a solar eclipse and spring tide ever occur at the same time? 19) Why can’t we see a new moon on earth? (A diagram may help) Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 14 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 20) What does waxing mean? 21) What does waning mean? 22) Draw a diagram of the Sun, Earth and Moons for all the moon phases. Shade in the phase and label it. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 15 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 23) Draw a diagram of the 4 seasons using the sun and the earth (tilted). Label each solstice and equinox and write the date they occur on. 24) Draw and label a solar and lunar eclipse using the following terms in each: Umbra, Penumbra, Partial Eclipse and Total Eclipse, Sun, Earth and Moon. Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 16 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 25) Describe how the length of daylight changes from the Equator to the North Pole on the date shown and explain the reasoning for your answer. 26) If the last high tide was at 4:00 am when will the next high tide be? SHADOWS 27) What is a shadow? 28) How can you make a shadow larger or smaller? (Draw and explain) Larger Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test Smaller 17 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 29) What type of material makes the best shadows? (Transparent___________, Translucent ___________, or Opaque ___________) 30) How many objects, at minimum, are needed to create a shadow? 31) Using the shape given and the light, draw the shadows. 39) Why do we have different seasons in the northern hemisphere than the southern hemisphere? 40) Why doesn’t an eclipse occur every full moon? 41) If a high tide occurs at 6 A.M. and P.M. At what time will the low tides occur? 42) If the tilt of the Earth’s axis increased what would be the effect of the seasons? Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 18 Name__________________________________________ Date_______________________ Period _____ 43) Explain how the angle of insolation hitting the earth affects the amount of heat received by the earth’s surface? 44) Draw and label a neap tide with the pull of gravity and inertia, water bulge, high and low tide labeled, moon phase shaded correctly for a third quarter moon. Earth 45) Draw and label a spring tide with the pull of gravity and inertia, water bulge, high and low tide labeled, moon phase shaded correctly for a full moon. Earth Golden‐Study Guide S‐E‐ M Test 19