PERSOONI A
Published
Volume
Spore
the
by
3,
4,
G.H.
the
drawn
Phoma
called
here
the
In the present paper
in Phoma
(see
the
explain
with
seen
The
celled
house
it
tissue
observations
&
As
spp.
than
the fact
with
the
of the
shape
a
spore first
of the
spore
bud
starts
1
With the
as
the
differences in
process
case
an
a
diagrams
as
who
sharp
In the
seeing.
inspection
Boerema
Papua
&
sees
of
light-
the
(Klebahn,
Kesteren,
van
Western
a
he
eyes
style
look
must
at
of the spore for-
case
close quarters
at
small-
extremely
in this kind of fungi
of his
spite
is
interpretation
1964;
of
details he is
Boerema
a
by
On
into
subsequent
repetition
17-23).
made
was
Figures
24,
28,
of
of the
possible
the parent
in
the
less
thicker
the
slimy
top
+
413
a
the
1965)
of the
matter
spore-initial
or
under
seen
phialide (Sutton,
the
gradually
spore,
rim-like
a
be
bud
connected
development
the
acquires
the wall
fold
more
recognized
not
The
cavity.
of
the electron-
at
the
from the
top
11-14).
(Figs.
(Figs.
start
budding process either the apical fold of the wall
structure
the
like
In
always
Phoma
budding
Chains
28).
24,
can
which
first
thick,
shaped
are
wall.
of the bud is
pyenidial
protrusion
or
cell
layer
abstriction of the
more
(Figs.
in
process
repetitive
pyenidial
cell
single parent
spores
at
spore-forming
monopolar
increasingly
This
a
a
of the
of the wall
electron-transparent layer
a
the
(I.e.)
papilla-like
a
expands
thickening
Except
fungi
Brewer
Phoma
form-genus
of Phoma-like
process
G.
J.
These
study.
pycnidia
other spores
cell becomes
(Figs.
in
Ir.
by
the
distance. In
as
1-10).
parent cell often resemble
gradual
discussed.
spore-forming
formation in
(electron-transparent)
outer
(Figs.
cell
parent
develop
of the
obtained
electron-microscopic
produced by
of the
coat
The initials of the
16).
is
in
formed,
are
spores
spore
1947; Boerema,
a
&
be born
can
that the
of the parent
15,
formation
spore
process’,
given
are
spore-forming
such
fungi
Brewer
by
the
slimy
first
of
an
undifferentiated inner cells
spores
micrographs
by
the
on
characterized
small,
ten
the
electron-microscope.
be
may
the
understand the
to
described
of the
the
micrographs
It is rather like the
mation in Phoma-like
through
in
Ruggieri,
1965).
closely
the
1
explains
for the first time from
more
of
which
budding
diagrams
of the
in
This
hyaline.
1964; Sutton,
965
1
Wageningen
light-microscope.
Goidanich
933>
in
manner
numerous
pictures
sporogenous
and
The
number of
Boerema,
various
the
microscope
J
&
31
‘monopolar repetitive
drawn after
spp.
Brewer
a
Dienst,
Text-figures)
electron-micrographs
shown.
are
spp.
after
form-genus Phoma
Boerema
Plantenziektenkundige
Diagrams
413-417 (1965)
pp.
development in
(With
Leiden
Rijksherbarium,
Part
complex
light-microscope
or
parent
surrounding
the
of folds
even
cell
the
an
seen
annellophore.
may
spores
'cloudy substance')
is
makes
also be the
(the
has
not
to
the
The
cause
disintegrated
been
drawn.
PERSOONIA
414
Figs.
parent
1-14.
drawn
after
phenomenon
nected with the
The
spp.
gradual stages.
then
the
gives
the
bud,
a
cell
electron-microscopic
spore-initial
of
Various
stages of
spore
electron-micrographs;
that
parent
differentiation of the
which
—
Part
3,
1965
4,
formation by
budding
on
“virginal”
cells.
Diagrams
of the
Phoma
Vol.
is
This
often
plasm
(Goidanich
&
by
study
a
by
spore-wall during
explain why,
may
difficult
protoplasm
rather the
under the
seen
only
has
to
through
Ruggieri,
a
small
1947;
Brewer
the
of
having
pore
&
in
Boerema,
This
Under
been
the
plasm
Boerema
process
under the
stained.
ca.
X
2500.
light-microscope,
thin thread of
distinguish.
been
impression
magnification
of
(I.e.)
budding
to
16,
19).
reveals
takes
light-microscope,
is
particularly
the
produced by
an
apex
1964: "porogenous").
in
the
very
the wall of the
true
in
cases
the
extrusion of
of
con-
that
place
light-microscope
thickened
be
seems
(Figs.
the
in
spore
a
part
parent
cell
Boerema:
Figs.
which
seated
15-27. Phoma
have
spp.
Spore development
Various stages
—
previously produced spores.
parent cells with neck-like
connected by
a
slimy
mass.
—
—
of
16a.
outgrowths
20,
21.
spore
Old
in
Phoma
415
production by budding
parent cell.
collapsed
resembling sporophores.
Deformed “double”
—
parent cells
on
—
22,
24.
Deeply
23.
Two
spores
produced by extremely
spores
rapid budding.
Diagrams
drawn
Spore-forming
after
cells
(pseudo-sporophores),
spore
formation is
electron-micrographs;
deeply
on
carried
magnification
X
ca.
seated in the meristematic tissue
which
out
in
the
spores
rapid
arise
succession,
by
a
2500.
develop protuberances
budding
new
bud
(Figs.
may
22,
be
23).
If
produced
Persoonia
416
Figs. 28-31.
large, septate
which
a
on
Phoma
spore
drawn
Diagrams
the
at
top
to
In
pycnidia
loose
The
chain
of
spores
Part
1965
4,
connected
ones.
(Fig. 30)
percentage
of the
produce
continuous.
of
cell before the
—
by
29,
slimy
a
30.
chiefly
magnification
same
large
or
but
septate
spores
spores,
as
(Fig.
else later:
specific
ca.
and
large
one
spores
31. Central part
of
spores.
2500.
detached,
the continuous
29)
which may
see
give
vitro
Brewer
2
These
more-
(Fig. 28), generally
septate
immediately
& Boerema
(I.e.).
by conditions governing the growth,
features
in
occur.
ones
which become
influenced
racial
whereas
showing
of
25-27).
euseptation,
is
—
x
also often
septate spores
way
buds
been
mass,
Production
(endogenous?)
three
former has
(Figs.
spores
more-celled
matrix,
containing
of Phoma spp.
relatively
as
cell
electron-micrographs;
in the
develop
abstriction
inclusive
vivo
after
of the
parent
mature
appearing
2
a
deformed "double"
celled spores
on
A
smaller, continuous
3,
abstriction usually become more-celled by “euseptation”.
pycnidial primordium,
rise
28.
—
spp.
between
Vol.
are
the
also involved.
spores
are
for
Some
the
species
in
greater part
Boerema:
it
Finally,
should
the
strengthened
may
be
of
be
noted
that
opinion
endogenous
Spore development in Phoma
that
the
the first
origin
(Fig.
electron-microscope
in
spores
31;
417
a
compare
pycnidium
Boerema,
of
observations
have
of Phoma
species
a
1964).
REFERENCES
BOEREMA, G.
Sacc.
BOEREMA,
Persoonia
G. H.
Brassica.
BREWER, J.
&
H. A.
G.
H.
3:
form-genus
Phoma
The nomenclature
of two
fungi parasitizing
17-28.
BOEREMA
pycnidiospores
(1964).
KESTEREN
VAN
Persoonia
of the
9-16.
3:
in
(1965).
Phoma
Electron
and
microscope observations
Ascochyta
spp.
In
Proc.
Acad.
the
on
Sci.
develop-
Amst.
(C),
Sper.
agr.
86-97.
68:
GOIDANICH,
(II)
KLEBAHN,
G.
1:
H.
deen.
In
B.
C.
SUTTON,
&
In
G.
of
ment
(1964). Phoma herbarum Westend., the type-species
H.
In
&
G.
RUGGIERI
(1947).
Le
Deuterophomaceae
di
Petri.
In
Ann.
431-448-.
(1933).
Uber
Phytopath.
(1964).
Bau
Z.
Phoma
6:
und Konidienbildung bei
einigen
stromatischen
Sphaeropsi-
229-304.
and
related
genera.
In
Trans.
Brit,
mycol.
Soc.
47:
497-509.